Objective To enhance recognition of the clinical and radiological features of nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and its prognosis, and to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice. Methods Patients with spontaneous SAH, whose initial 3-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were negative, received a second DSA after 2 to 3 weeks.Nonaneurysmal was diagnosed as SAH when both DSA were negative. All subjects were divided into 2 subgroups, perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage ( PNSAH ) group and nonperimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage ( n-PNSAH ) group. Results Among 49 patients with nonaneurysmal SAH, 24 patients were PNSAH and 25 patients were n-PNSAH. Two patients died and 47 patients recovered and discharged with an average follow-up of 26 months. Conclusion The clinical course and prognosis of patients with PNSAH were good, better than that of patients with n-PNSAH.

BACKGROUND:BACKGROUND:Present studies have shown that bone cement have less osteoinduction and slow degradation in the body,so the effect of alone application is not satisfactory. Therefore,people have modified them,hoping to research a new materials that can overcome all shortcomings above-mentioned. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the ability of decalcified bone matrix (DBM) and acrylic bone cement (ABC) compound in filling and repairing bone defect,and to determine the best component proportion of the composition. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Randomized controlled animal experiments were performed at the Experimental Animal Center,Chongqing Medical University from May to September 2008. MATERIALS:ABC and DBM were prepared into compound material at various proportions (2:8,3:7,4:6,5:5,6:4). METHODS:The animal models of bilateral femur bone defects and fillers were established in the New Zealand White rabbits. The complex material was implanted on the bone defect; the ABC was used as blank control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The complex and alone materials were examined by biomechanics and scan electron microscopes. Gross observation,histopathological and X-ray test were used at 4,8,12 weeks after operation respectively to observe the repaired and filled status of bone defect. RESULTS:DBM composite quality of the scope of 3:7 -6:4,the composite materials that existed in more cracks more than 100 ?m,when the DBM was less than 3:7,the material inside the aperture and the majority of material was similar to ABC,mass ratio greater than 6:4 when the DBM and the ABC could not effectively together solidification. When the mass ratio was increased,which matrix particles of demineralized bone and ABC,the compressive ultimate strength of composite materials was less than pure ABC (P

Objective: To study influence of acute hypoxia on the current of voltage-gated potassium channel (IK) in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) of rats. Methods: A total of 20 male SD rats were randomly and equally divided into normoxic control group and acute hypoxia group. The rats in acute hypoxia group were kept in hypoxic chamber for 8 h before experiment. Whole cell patch-clamp technique was used to record IK in PASMC. Results: Acute hypoxia significantly decreased the IK density in PASMC of rats. During -60mV to -10mV of resting membrane potential（RMP）, acute hypoxia did not significantly decrease peak IK density in PASMC of rats, P>0.05; At 0 mV, acute hypoxia significantly decreased the peak IK density in PASMC [from（38.1 ± 5.2） pA / pF decreased to（9.82 ± 2.1） pA / pF ,P<0.05], then along with RMP increase in PASMC, the decreasing amplitude of peak IK density in PASMC gradually increased（P<0.05）; From + 30 mV to+ 60 mV, the decreasing amplitude of peak IK density in PASMC further significantly increased（P<0.01）; At + 60 mV the peak IK density decreased from（38.1 ± 5.2） pA / pF to（9.82 ± 2.1） pA / pF , and the decreasing amplitude reached (46.8±3.3)%. Conclusion: Acute hypoxia can decrease Kv current in PASMC of rats, leading to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.

Calcium ; metabolism ; Growth Substances ; metabolism ; Humans ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Taurine ; therapeutic use

By using replica cast SEM method, the vascular architecture of the dental pulp of rat incisors was studied. The characteristics of the vascular architecture are as follows:1. The axis of the dental pulp is occupied by the central vascular bundle, which consists of 10 to 20 arterioles and 8 to 12 venules.2. The arterioles (30-50?m in diameter) and the venules (50-80?m in diameter) located in the central bundles are arranged parallely in a relatively long distance as a countercurrent system. The longest distance is about 12 mm.3. Each arteriole of the central vascular bundle supplies an independent area of the dentin of the tooth. The territory of an arteriole is about 700 to 1400 ?m in length.4. The arteriole of the central bundle breaks up into capillaries (4～6?m in diameter) which are mainly distributed over the odontblast area and form a complex 3-dimensional plexus.

Objective:To study the inhibitory effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on the proliferation of allogeneic T lymphocytes in patients with acute leukemia and its mechanism. Methods: 30 patients with acute myeloid leukemia ( AML) ,30 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( ALL) ,and 30 healthy subjects ( healthy group) were selected. MSC cells were isolated and cultured in three groups. The expression level of MSC cells in three groups were determined by MSC assay. The inhibitory effect of MSC on the proliferation of T cells was detected by Transwell assay. Results: AML group supernatant TGF-β1,HGF levels were significantly lower than the ALL group and the healthy group (P<0. 05),significantly higher than the levels of IL-11 ALL group of AML group,healthy group ( P<0. 05 ); three groups MSC supernatant IL-6 levels difference was not statistically significant ( P>0. 05). AML,ALL,MSC cells secrete cytokines healthy group of T lymphocyte proliferation still had a significant inhibitory effect, inhibition of differences in the case of contact and not in direct contact co-culture of T lymphocyte proliferation was not statistically sig-nificant (P> 0. 05); after joining the MSC,T cell proliferation in the three groups was significantly inhibited upon addition of anti-TGF-β1 antibody,anti-HGF antibody after T cell proliferation effective than a simple reversal join MSC (P<0. 05). Conclusion:MSC for acute leukemia patients inhibit allogeneic T lymphocyte proliferation,functioning principle may be related to the secretion of cyto-kines.

Diabetic macular edema(DME)and age-related macular degeneration(ARMD)are the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness worldwide, and their common pathological features are increased vascular permeability and abnormal neovascularization, in which cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and angiopoietin-2(Ang-2)play an important role. Intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents significantly changed the clinical management of DME and ARMD, but limitations such as the non-responsive cases, the treatment burden and risks caused by frequent injections need to be overcome. Faricimab, a novel bispecific monoclonal antibody that simultaneously targets VEGF-A and Ang-2, can effectively reduce vascular permeability, decrease the number of neovascularization and alleviate retinal edema. Registered clinical studies have shown that Faricimab is effective in improving vision and reducing retinal edema, which is non-inferior to Aflibercept and Ranibizumab, maintains a long dosing interval, and has a high safety profile. This article reviews the latest advances in the treatment of DME and ARMD with Faricimab.

Objective: To prepare and characterize the polyclonal antibody against KIAA0649 and identify the localization and the functional motif of KIAA0649. Methods: Three polypeptides were synthesized based on the bioinformatics analysis of KIAA0649 protein. New Zealand rabbits were immunized with the mixture of the three KIAA0649 peptides coupled with keyhole limpet hemocyanin ( KLH). The titer of the antisera was detected with ELISA. The antisera were purified with immuno-affinity chromatography when the titer reached 1:10~5. Western blot was performed with the purified antisera on the cell lysates of U2OS cells transfected with either Flag-KIAA0649 or KIAA0649-targeting siRNA. Immunofluorescence was performed with the purified antisera and anti-Flag antibody on the cells transfected with FlagKIAA0649. A series of Flag-K1AA0649 deletion mutants was constructed by PCR cloning. The cellular compartmentation of full-length Flag-KIAA0649 and its deletion mutants were analyzed with immunofluorescence. Results: The results of Western blot and immunofluorescence demonstrated that the antisera from the KIAA0649 polypeptides-immunized rabbits specifically recognized endogenous and exogenous KIAA0649. The full-length Flag-K1AA0649 displayed specific nuclear foci. The Flag-KIAA0649 deletion mutant containing PENF motif showed the same nuclear foci as the full length of Flag-KJAA0649, suggesting that the PENF motif could be the minimum functional motif of KIAA0649. Conclusion: We have obtained anti-KIAA0649 polyclonal antibody which will be useful for further investigation. The PENF motifcould be the minimum functional domain of KIAA0649.

ObjectiveTo study the differences of tumor necrosis factor-α in different gestational period placentas and aging placentas and to analyze its significances. MethodsUsing immunohistochemistry to detect the expression and distribution of tumor necrosis factor-α in different gestational period placentas and aging placentas. ResultsThe expression of tumor necrosis factor-α was significantly higher in the third trimester of pregnancy placentas and aging group than in the first trimester of pregnancy placentas(P＜0.05),and than in the second trimester of pregnancy placentas(P＜0.05).The expression of tumor necrosis factor-α had no significant difference between the third trimester of pregnancy placentas and aging group(P＞0.05). ConclusionTNF-α should play an important role in placental aging.

The microvasculature of the submandibular glands of guinea pig's was studied with the replica-SEM msthod. Special attention was paid to the microvascular architecture around the glandular ductal tree, which is mainly dichotomous, but usually asymmetrical and irregular, with a divergent angle of 40-80? and 7-8 grades of branching. The ductal tree is surrounded with a periductal vascular plexus. The periductal plexus of the excretory ducts can be divided into two layers: the inner layer is formed by capillaries and the outer layer by veins, so called venous coat. This venous coat is complexly constructed with button veins, loop veins and complicated venous circulatory by-passes. The capillary plexus of the striated ducts and intercalated ducts is supplied by venules with the cha-ractristics of the portal vein as they come from the capillaries of the acini. There are complex A-V and V-V anastomoses at the venous coat and at the lobu-lar porta.The significance of the microstructures described above was discussed.