Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver Failure ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; therapy ; Catheter Ablation ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; therapy ; Liver Transplantation

Switching Mechanism At 5′ end of the RNA Transcript(SMART)is a technology used in biology researching,So far,there is no review only about SMART technology.So,the aim is to investigate the research developments of principles,methods and applications of the SMART technology.Based on some researches and combined with the review of the related literature at home and abroad,it analyzed and evaluated the latest development of the research on SMART.As the applications of the SMART technology expand in many fields day after day,it has been proved that the SMART technology is a very useful and efficient skill to construct full length cDNA library.As more and more researchers know this technology,the advantages of the SMART technology become obvious,and meanwhile the disadvantages of the SMART technology also show up.That is to say,the technology needed to be improved.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; complications ; drug therapy ; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Aged ; Heart Failure ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

Fatty Acids ; metabolism ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Objective To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different puncture positions in percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Methods Three hundred fifty-six patients who underwent PCNL were analyzed from March 2012 to October 2015. The passage caliber was 16F-20F. There were 217 cases in prone position and 139 cases in supine position. Results The successful operation in PCNL was 354 cases , while the remaining 2 cases were performed by open surgery. The primary stone clearance rate was 75.5%. The additional PCNLs were performed in 23 cases, and 63 cases of residual calculi were treated by ESWL. 11 patients were treated due to infection or bleeding by the additional PCNLs. There were 3 cases with massive hemorrhage which were treated by Interventional embolization therapy , 12 cases in postoperative fever , no renal resection , no intestinal injury, no deaths. There was no significant difference in stone clearance rate and complication rate between the two groups. Conclusion The puncture position of PCNL can be optional based on the stone size , stone location, degree of hydronephrosis ,and patient′s cardiopulmonary condition individually.

Objective To study the image examination of renal injuries and discuss renal explorative indications so as to spare the kidney or nephron as much as possible and improve curative rate of diagnosis and treatment. Methods An analysis was done on 286 cases that included 231 cases with close injury, 54 with open injuries, one with iatrogenic injury and 91 with combined injuries. Of all, 212 cases were examined by B-ultrasonography, 163 by CT and 132 by intravenous urography(IVU) and 6 by digital subtraction angiography(DSA); 202 cases were treated with conservative treatment and 84 with operation. Results The diagnostic positive rates of IVU, B-ultrasonography and CT were 67.4%, 72.2% and 87.7%, respectively. Among the operation cases, 42 cases were treated by renal repair, 12 by partial nephrectomy and 30 by nephrectomy. The operation rate was 29.4% and the nephrectomy rate 35.5%. Interventional treatment of the kidney was carried out in three cases. Conclusions For renal injury cases, the first and most important step is to evaluate the injury condition so as to correctly determine whether an operation exploration is needed. The injury conditions and severity are mainly determined by the image examinations that change according to injury cause, injury type and clinical symptoms. Renal exploration or not, and the operation time exert great influence on renal reservation rate and complication rate.

ObjectiveTo observe and compare the efficacy of two types of microencapsulated rat islets xenotransplanted into diabetic mice. MethodsThe mice diabetic model made with injecting 3% Streptozotosin through tail vein. Four groups were assigned: control group, naked islet transplantation group, alginate-BaCl2 microencapsulated islet transplantation group, agarose-PSSa microencapsulated islet transplantation group.300 islets were transplanted under the renal envelope of each diabetic mice respectively. ResultsThere were no significant difference in mean level of the blood glucose before transplantation among four groups. One week after transplantation, the respective mean level of the blood glucose in four groups were (7.26±1.56) mmol/L in alginate-BaCl2 microencapsulated islet transplantation group, (7.14±1.04) mmol/L in agarose-PSSa microencapsulated islet transplantation group, (7.42±1.52) mmol/L in naked islet transplantation group and (22.54±1.24) mmol/L in control. There were significant difference between the two encapsulated islet groups and the other two groups. The survived period of the two encapsulated islet transplantation groups were longer than that of the other two groups. The survived period of the alginate-BaCl2 microencapsulated islet transplantation group was longer than that of the agarose-PSSa microencapsulated islet transplantation group (92 d vs 56 d),the same as the time of keeping nomal blood glucose level (76 d vs 41 d). ConclusionMicroencapsulated rat islets with this two materials can survive in diabetic mice with their biological activity, and the alginate-BaCl2 microcapsules are better than the agarose-PSSa microcapsules.

Animals ; Humans ; Liver ; growth & development ; Liver Diseases ; Receptors, Notch ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

Objective To analyze the comorbidities and gross motor function classifications (GMFCs) of premature children with cerebral palsy (CP) in terms of neurological subtype and gestational age in search of some relationship. Methods Children with cerebral palsy treated at the Qingdao Children's Hospital from 2006 to mid2009 received intelligence capacity tests, ophthalmological consultations, language/speech tests, brainstem auditory evoked potential measurements, electroencephalograms and GMFC evaluations. All of the children were stratified according to neurological subtype, gestational age, comorbidities and gross motor function classification. Results Of all 258 children, spastic diplegic cerebral palsy predominated (183 case, 70.9% ). 124 cases (48.1% ) had visual disorders, 121 (46.9%) had language or speech disorders and 103 (39.9%) showed mental retardation. The frequencies of individual comorbidities were distributed disproportionately between the different neurologic subtypes.GMFC levels also differed with the different CP types. The GMFC levels of diplegics were significantly better than those of the other types. The distribution of comorbidities such as visual disorders, language or speech disorders, and mental retardation was not related to gestational age or type of CP. Conclusions There is some correlation between the neurological subtype, comorbidities and the GMFC levels. But there is no significant correlation between gestation age and the severity of CP.