Secondary brain injury is closely associated with brain edema, inflammation response and other injury factors after intracerebral hemorrhage, such as the complement system activation, excitatory amino acid toxicity, the release of vasoactive substances and free radical damage. The main mode of neuronal death during secondary brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage are necrosis and apoptosis.

BACKGROUND: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation influences the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of cells. However, there are no reports about the role of FAK phosphorylation in migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells during the process of vascular restenosis.OBJECTIVE : To analyze the correlation between FAK phosphorylation and vascular remodeling after balloon endothelial denudation in rats.DESIGN: Random controlled experiments in animals.SETTING: Cardiology Institute of Xianning College; Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control;Department of Cardiology at the Affiliated Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERrALS: The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Cardiology at the Affiliated Tongji Hospital from March to May in 2005. Forty male Wistar rats were used in the study, and they were managed according to the ethical standard of animals.METHODS: ①Forty rats were randomized into five groups (n =8): non-balloon endothelial denudation control group, and 4-day, 8-day, 16-day and 24-day model groups after balloon endothelial denudation. ②The rat models of restenosis following balloon endothelial denudation were built. At days 4, 8, 16 and 24 postoperatively, the denudated vessels were harvested for the detection of the morphological changes, which were taken as the judgment of successful models;Western blot method was used to detect the expression and activity of FAK. Abdominal aorta of left common carotid in rats was served as controls.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The expressions of FAK and phosphorylation FAK in rat artery.RESULTS: Totally 40 rats were all involved in the result analysis.①A small quantity of FAK without phosphorylation could be detected in the controlled rats. Compared with the control group, the expression and activity of FAK in the model group rapidly increased at 4 days after balloon injury (P ＜ 0.05), and they changed in a similar manner with the increase of injury duration. The expression of FAK reached a peak at 8 days and began to descend at 16 days. The expression of phosphorylation FAK reached a peak at 16 days and then rapidly descended. ②Focal hyperplasia of intima was found at 8 days after balloon endothelial denudation, and diffuse hyperplasia of intima was found at 16-24 days after denudation.CONCLUSION: FAK can take part in vascular remodeling after balloon endothelial denudation in rats. The level of intimal hyperplasia is closely associated with the level of FAK and FAK phosphorylation.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal her-nia. Methods Sixty-one patients underwent laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal hernia, all having laparo-scopic Toupet fundoplication. Results Laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal hernia was completed success-fully in all the 61 patients. The average operation time was 110 min and the blood loss 10～50 ml. Postopera-tive oral feedings were resumed 24～48 h after surgery, and no postoperative complication occurred. The me-dian postoperative hospital stay was 5.7 d. Conclusion Laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal hernia is an effective and safe surgical procedure of minimal invasion.

Spermatogenesis is a complex process. Current knowledge about human spermatogenesis is mainly based on the mouse model while little is known about the initial stage of this fundamental process in humans. The establishment of the model of spermatogenesis in vitro may contribute to an overall understanding of male germ cell development, an insight into the mechanisms of infertility, and clinical management of male infertility. This review summarizes current knowledge about the generation of germ cell-like cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in vitro and discusses the potential application of iPSCs in the treatment of male infertility.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Germ Cells ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Infertility, Male ; therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Spermatogenesis

Objective To study the effect of new barrel theory in improving evaluation of hospitalized patients. Methods Eight hundred hospitalized patients from September 2012 to August 2013 were randomized equally into the control group and the observation group.The last one or two items affecting patient satisfaction from the control group were used as objectives to be improved.Causal effect analysis was done pertinent to the items and the worksheet was bettered and improved and then enforced.The two groups were compared after intervention with new barrel theory in terms of satisfaction of patients during admission and discharge. Result The satisfaction of patients in the observation group during admission and discharge was significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The new barrel theory used to detect the flaws in nursing service and improve the workflow can improve assessment from the patients so that the management quality can be enhanced.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of propafenone on paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT).Methods 37 patients with PSVT were injected with 70 mg propafenone intravenously in 5 minutes.The unrecovered patients in 20 minutes were injected with 70 mg propafenone intravenously again,who were given 70 mg propafenone intravenously once again if not controlled in late 30 minuted.Blood pressure,heart beat,12 lead electrocardiogram were recorded before and after use of drug.Results The significant effective rate was 77.5% and effective rate was 21.6% with overall effective rate of 97.3% and effective time of 1～55 (7.1?2.8) minutes.The average accumulated dose of propafenone was 105 mg.Some side effects were observed in part of patients,including slight reduction of blood pressure,P R interval.QRS wave and Q T interval prolonged,temporary type sino atrial block,vertigo and nausea,etc whice could vanish gradually if not treated.Conclusion Propafenone by intravenous injection can quickly contro PSVT with saftey and effectiveness.

The nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been shown to interact with a variety of cellular proteins and implicated in the regulation of cell growth, interferon resistance, and other cellular signaling pathways. Using the yeast-two hybrid method, we have isolated a clone that encodes a novel NS5A--associated binding protein: NS5ABP37. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was employed to amplify the full fragment,and the plasmid pGADT7-NS5ABP37 with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae vector pGADT7 was constructed. To prove the interaction, yeast cell Y187 transformed with pGADT7-NS5ABP37 was mated with yeast cell AH109 containing pGBKT7-NS5A to verify the interaction between the novel protein coded by the new gene NS5ABP37 and NS5A.

Objective To explore the features, diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation. Methods The clinical data of 31 pulmonary infection cases among 150 patients underwent kidney transplantation were analyzed retrospectively. Results The 31 patients with pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation included 9 cases of simple bacterial infection, 3 cases of fungus infection, 5 cases of CMV infection, 1 case of TB, 10 cases of mixed infection, and 3 cases of infection with unclear pathogen. 27 cases of the patients(27/31,87.1%) were cured, while 4 cases died of pulmonary infection. Conclusion Pulmonary infection is a common and severe complication after kidney transplantation. Early etiological diagnosis, the prompt treatment of antibacterium,antivirus and antifungus, adjustment of immunosuppression regime, and strengthening the support therapy would improve the curative rate.

When Po. Wang Xingkuan treating long cough, he is good at treating from the liver, clearly identifying mechanism, getting good effect in treating long cough of the type of Attack of the Lung by Liver Fire with revised Sit-blood Decoction.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of bombesin on the growth of human immortalized gastric epithelial cell line(GES-1), and its mechanisms. Methods ① The expression of gastrin releasing peptide receptor(GRP-R) mRNA in GES-1 was detected. ② The expression of GRP-R protein was tested by cross-linking experiment and the location of the receptors in the cells were investigated by cytochemistry. ③GES-1 cell line was incubated with varying concentrations of bombesin with or without its antagonist and growth of the cell line was determined. ④The effect of protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor on cell growth induced by bombesin was studied. ⑤After treated with bombesin, the intracellular IP 3 and translocation of PKC activity were measured in GES-1. ⑥Semiquantification of GRP-R mRNA in this cell line treated with bombesin was performed. Results ①Expression of mRNA of GRP-R was demonstrated in GES-1 cells. ②The GRP-R protein was about 75?103 as revealed by cross-linking study, and the receptors were identified on the cell membranes by cytochemistry. ③Bombesin stimulated the growth of GES-1 significantly, which could be inhibited by specific antagonist of bombesin. ④Bombesin-induced growth of GES-1 was also inhibited by PKC inhibitor. ⑤Bombesin induced an increase of IP 3 generation in GES-1 as well as remarkable translocation of PKC activity from cytoplasm to the cell membranes. ⑥An increase in GRP-R mRNA was induced by treatment of cell line with bombesin. Conclusions Bombesin stimulates the growth of this GES-1 via its receptor GRP-R and through IP 3, PKC signal pathway. The increase in expression of GRP-R mRNA in GES-1 induced by bombesin indicates that bombesin might upregulate the GRP-R in the GES-1 cells.