Objective To evaluate the effects of different smoking cessation interventions on cigarette consumption for young soldiers.Methods Sixty-eight soldiers were prospectively investigated in this randomly controlled clinical trial and assigned to the psychological intervention group,auricular acupuncture group,and smoking cessation medication group.Results All the participants showed significant reduction(33.3％ to 73.9％)in post-treatment cigarette consumption.The highest quit rate was found at 7 days,although this declining trend was faded over time.One-year follow-up indicated a 6-month quit rate of 16.7％,23.8％ and 30.4％ in three groups,respectively.Conclusion Psychological intervention,auricular acupuncture and smoking cessation medication may be effective methods of reducing cigarette consumption and improving quit rate in young soldiers.

Objective To examine the association of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and serum uric acid (SUA) in middle and elderly Chinese. Methods 10 413 Guangzhou residents aged ≥50 were included in the present study. Information on personal history,physical examination and biochemical parameters were collected. Subjects were grouped by the FPG level,association between FPG and SUA. Levels of hyperuricemia(HUA)were evaluated. Results The SUA levels and the incidence of HUA showed trends of increasing,with the increasing FPG levels in women,with statistically significant differences seen among all the FPG groups(P value for trend<0.05). While the statistical differences of SUA levels and the incidence rates of HUA among diabetes group(DM group)and impaired fasting glucose(IFG)groups were non-significant(P>0.05)but it was higher than normal FPG group in men (P<0.05). Logistic regression models were built between various FPG groups and HUA. After adjusting for age,smoking status,drinking status,physical activity, hypertension,body mass index and the levels of triglyceride and creatin. When compared to the normal FPG group,the risk of women suffering from HUA increased by 40%(95%CI:1.19-1.64) under the FPG in the range of 6.1-6.9 mmol/L. Compared to those non-diabetic individuals,the risk of diabetic patients suffering from HUA also increased by 44%(95%CI:1.15-1.79) in women. However,the risk of suffering from HUA did not relate to the increase of FPG in men. Conclusion The SUA level and the incidence of HUA tended to increase along with the increasing levels of FPG in middle and elderly Chinese women and the increase of FPG might also increase the risk of HUA,but not in men.

Objective To examine the association between weight changes during early and middle adulthood and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle aged and elderly population.Methods Based on the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS),28 736 residents aged ≥50 years were included in Guangzhou.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between body weight changes during early or middle adulthood and age when the heaviest weight reaching the threshold on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle age or elderly population.Adjustments on age,smoking,alcohol consumption,physical activity,education level,occupation,district of residence and body mass index etc.,were made.Results The mean age was 64.3 (standard deviation=6.7) years in men and 61.0 (standard deviation=7.0) years in women,with the prevalence rates of diabetes as 13.1％ and 13.7％ in men and women,respectively.Compared to those with stable body weight,the risk of diabetes increased with weight gain during early and middle adulthood in both men and women (both P values for trend ＜0.01).Participants who gained more than 20 kg during early and middle adulthood were associated with the highest risk of diabetes in men (OR=2.83,95％ CI:1.99-4.02) and women (OR=3.13,95％CI:2.47-3.96).Compared to those who reached the highest weight at age 20,those who reaching the highest weight at 40 to 49 years were associated with the highest risk of diabetes,with OR being 5.32 (95％CI:1.92-14.8) in men and 3.41 (95％CI:2.49-4.67) in women,respectively.Weight loss in adulthood was associated with self-reported but not newly diagnosed diabetic cases in both middle and older aged men and women.Conclusion Weight gain during early and middle adulthood may increase the risk of diabetes in middle and older aged population.The detrimental effect of obesity on diabetes might become significantly visible in the next decades.

OBJECTIVETo examine the prevalence and characteristics of aortic arch calcification (AAC) in residents aged 50 or over in Guangzhou, China.

METHODSFace-to-face interview, physical examination and laboratory tests were conducted on 10 413 Chinese adults aged 50 or over. Posterior-anterior plain chest X-ray radiographs were obtained from 10 305 subjects using a Toshiba KSO-15R machine. The radiographs were reviewed together by two radiologists while 300 radiographs were independently gone through by two radiologists to assess the agreement with Kappa coefficient method.

RESULTSThe rate of agreement on Diagnosis for the two radiologists was 85.0% and Kappa coefficient was 0.68, with P < 0.001 which showed a moderate agreement between the two radiologists. Among the 10 305 subjects, there were 3064 men and 7349 women, with their mean age (+/- standard deviation) as 64.0 +/- 6.0 and 66.2 +/- 5.8, respectively. Most of them had educational level of middle school or below, and most of their occupations were factory or agricultural workers. The prevalence of AAC was 40.6%. Women showed significantly higher prevalence rate than men (41.4% versus 38.6%, P < 0.001) and the prevalence of AAC increased significantly with age. Subjects with primary educational level or below had the highest prevalence of AAC. There was no significant association found between occupation and AAC prevalence. 98.7% of the subjects with AAC occurred in aortic arch. Most AAC had a length of 10 mm or longer and a width from 1-4 mm, which indicated the severity of AAC among the subjects.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of AAC among Guangzhou Biobank Cohort was about 40.6%, higher than those reported in foreign studies, while most of the lesions were quite serious.

Aged ; Aorta, Thoracic ; pathology ; Calcinosis ; epidemiology ; Cardiomyopathies ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVETo examine the association of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and serum uric acid (SUA) in middle and elderly Chinese.

METHODS10 413 Guangzhou residents aged ≥50 were included in the present study. Information on personal history, physical examination and biochemical parameters were collected. Subjects were grouped by the FPG level, association between FPG and SUA. Levels of hyperuricemia (HUA) were evaluated.

RESULTSThe SUA levels and the incidence of HUA showed trends of increasing, with the increasing FPG levels in women, with statistically significant differences seen among all the FPG groups (P value for trend<0.05). While the statistical differences of SUA levels and the incidence rates of HUA among diabetes group (DM group) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) groups were non-significant (P > 0.05) but it was higher than normal FPG group in men (P < 0.05). Logistic regression models were built between various FPG groups and HUA. After adjusting for age, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity, hypertension, body mass index and the levels of triglyceride and creatin. When compared to the normal FPG group, the risk of women suffering from HUA increased by 40% (95%CI:1.19-1.64) under the FPG in the range of 6.1-6.9 mmol/L. Compared to those non-diabetic individuals, the risk of diabetic patients suffering from HUA also increased by 44% (95% CI:1.15-1.79) in women. However, the risk of suffering from HUA did not relate to the increase of FPG in men.

CONCLUSIONThe SUA level and the incidence of HUA tended to increase along with the increasing levels of FPG in middle and elderly Chinese women and the increase of FPG might also increase the risk of HUA, but not in men.

Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Glucose ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; epidemiology ; Fasting ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia ; epidemiology ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prediabetic State ; epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Sex Distribution ; Uric Acid ; blood