Objective To study the expression of survivin in malignant pleomorphic adenoma,relay pleomorphic adenoma and pleomorphic adenoma.Methods The transcription and interpretation of urvivin mRNA in the salivary gland tumor were analyzed via immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization methods.Results Survivin mRNA expression and protein expression were almost the same in malignant pleomorphic adenoma,relay pleomorphic adenoma and pleomorphic adenoma.But they were different in the gland around the malignant pleomorphic adenoma.There was a significant difference of Survivin mRNA and protein expression in pleomorphic adenoma and malignant pleomorphic adenoma,and relay pleomorphic adenoma.The expressions were almost the same in relay and malignant pleomorphic adenoma.Conclusion The expression of survivin mRNA and protein is increased in pleomorphic adenoma and may be involved in the onset and progression of pleomorphic adenoma.It indicates that mRNA is relatively stable in the mRNA transcription and protein interpretation in malignant pleomorphic adenoma,and it is also showed earlier in gene amplification than in protein expression of the malignant tumor in the initial stage of malignant pleomorphic adenoma.Survivin can be a new diagnostic/therapeutic target in pleomorphic adenoma.

Objective To evaluate Chinese children’s blood lead levels(BLLs) and identify the distribution features with time and to provide the data for developing the policy to control environmental lead pollution.Methods The papers on children BLLs published from 2004 to Aug.2007 with sampling time since 2001 were collected,by searching Chinese Biomedical Disk(CBMDisk),Chinese Journal Full-test Database(CJFD) and other ways.Thirty-five articles eligible for inclusion criteria were reviewed.Also,the data were compared with our former study carried out in 2004 with articles studying time between 1995 and 2003.Results The mean BLL of Chinese children between 2001 and 2007 was 80.7 ?g/L(45.5-165.3 ?g/L),and 23.9%(3.2%-80.7%)were higher than 100 ?g/L,both of which were lower than the levels in 1995 to 2003.Four of 24 provinces or cities reported had average BLLs≥100 ?g/L.Of the 24 provinces or cities,only four had higher BLL and prevalence rates of lead poisoning(BLL ≥100 ?g/L) than that in 1995 to 2003.The mean BLL of children living in industrial areas was higher than that of children in urban and suburbs areas,and the mean BLL in suburbs was higher compared with urban areas.Boys BLL was 79.3 ?g/L,significantly higher than girls(76.9 ?g/L)(P

Objective To study the relation between the trigeminal nerve and the superior cerebellar artery. Methods The authors dissected 20 cadaver skulls (40 sides):we firstly opened the calvaria and cleaned the cerebrum, then opened the tentorium of cerebellum and observed the relation between the trigeminal nerve and the superior cerebellar artery, as well as measured the distance between them, finally inspected the trend of the superior cerebellar artery. Results In the study the nearest blood vessel to the trigeminal nerve was the superior cerebellar artery, with a distance of 0～8 1 mm (mean, 2 19 mm). All the superior cerebellar arteries had rostral and caudal branches. Approximate 47 5% of the superior cerebellar arteries (19/40) crossed with trigeminal nerves, and in 87 5% of the superior cerebellar arteries (35/40) the closest site to the trigeminal nerve was the junction of the main trunk and the rostral or caudal branches. Conclusions The superior cerebella artery usually gives off rostral and caudal trunks. The junction of the main trunk and the rostral or caudal branches is nearest to the trigeminal nerve.

It is to discuss the method for studying uveoscleral pathway and the influence of uveoscleral outflow on aqueous humor drainage. Seventeen rabbits were randomly divided into the flow group that included 5 rabbits and the morphological group that included 12. Fluorescein-isothiocyanate bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA) was perfused into anterior chambers of flow group rabbit eyes as the tracer for measuring uveoscleral outflow. This tracer was infused into anterior chambers of morphological group rabbit eyes for observing fluorescent intensity of all tissue of the uveoscleral pathway with fluorescence microscopy. Fluorescence was seen in all sites of uveoscleral pathway. The fluorescent intensity of ciliary body and suprachoroidal space was significantly stronger than that of anterior sclera (P＜0.05). The intensity of choroid and posterior sclera was significantly weaker than that of other tissues (P＜0.05). The average value of uveoscleral outflow was (0.18±0.031) μl/min. This study demonstrates that uveoscleral pathway plays an important role in aqueous humor drainage. Anterior sclera is the main site where aqueous humor flows out. FITC-BSA is an effective tracer for studying uveoscleral pathway from both morphological and functional aspects.

Objective To explore the clinical, pathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and stromal tumor beyond the gastrointestinal tract. Methods Expression of CD117, CD34, SMA, Desmin and S-100 protein in 53GIST were detected using immunohistochemical S-P method, and then analyzed. Results Of 53 cases, 38 cases were detected as spindle type, 6 as epithelioid type and 9 as mixture type; 9 cases were benign,20 were borderline and 24 were malignant. Of the 9 benign cases, 8 originated in stomach, while only one originated in intestine and beyond the gastrointestinal tract. The rate of immunohistochemical expression was showed as follows: CD117 92.45% and CD34 77.36%. Conclusion GIST has its unique morphological characteristics. To detect CD117 and CD34 simultaneously may be helpful to the diagnosis. The malignant potential of stromal tumor in intestine and beyond the gastrointestinal tract is higher than that in stomach. The estimation of benignancy and malignancy depends on the site, the size and nuclei mitoses of the tumor.

Objective To discuss the Survivin protein expression in different salivary gland tumor.(Methods)This experiment was based on tissue chip technology.Expression of Survivin protein in the salivary gland tumor was analyzed with immunohistochemical methods.Results ① Survivin expression showed significant difference in the salivary gland benign and malignant tumors(P0.05).The gland around the malignant tumor showed diversity compared with malignant tumor(P0.05).Conclusion Survivin expression has correlation with the relay tumor canceration,and the gland around malignant tumor has correlation with occurrence,progress,prognosis in the salivary gland malignant tumor,and it is a reliable marker of earlier period diagnosis and prognosis of the malignant tumor of salivary gland.

Objective To study the proliferation and apoptosis of endothelia cells in cavernous hemangioma of liver(CHL),and to find their relation with the occurrence and development of CHL.Methods Twenty two CHL speciments of resection or biopsy in our hospital were collected.Another 10 speciments of small blood vessel in portal area of normal liver tissues and 10 speciments of strawberry hemangioma were collected as contrasts .The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) was assessed with monoclonal antibody of PCNA by immunohistochemical ABC method.The apoptosis of cells was assessed by end labeling method(TUNEL).Results Proliferation index(PI) of endothelia cells in CHL was 13.27?5.79.There wasn't significant difference from PI of endothelia cells of small blood vessels in portal aera of normal liver(10.85?4.79),while significant difference did exist compared with PI of tumor cells in strawberry hemangioma ( 29.31 ?8.55). Apoptosis index(AI) of endothelia cells in CHL was (3.49?1.36).There wasn't significant difference from AI of endothelia cells of small blood vessels in portal aera of normal liver(2.65?1.06),while significant difference did exist compared with AI of tumor cells in strawberry hemangioma ( 11.38 ?2.66,t=11.18,P

Objective Taking sham electroacupuncture as control, to observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture in treating female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Method By using central random design, the eligible subjects were randomized into an electroacupuncture group of 42 cases [electroacupuncture at Zhongliao (BL33) and Huiyang (BL35)] and a sham group of 42 cases [sham electroacupuncture at points beside Zhongliao and Huiyang]. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by observing the urine leakage volume in the 1-h pad test and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Result In the electroacupuncture group, the urine leakage volumes in the 4th, 6th, 20th, and 32nd treatment week were significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.05);the decreases of urine leakage volume in the electroacupuncture group were more significant than that in the sham group in the 4th, 6th, 20th, and 32nd treatment week (P<0.05). In the electroacupuncture group, the ICIQ-SF scores in the 4th, 6th, 20th, and 32nd treatment week were significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.05); the ICIQ-SF scores were significantly lower in the electroacupuncture group than in the sham group in the 4th, 6th, 20th, and 32nd treatment week (P<0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture can effectively improve urine leakage and other urinary symptoms in SUI.

To obtain a better understanding of the progression of atherosclerosis and identify potential biomarkers, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR)-based metabonomics was used to study the metabolic changes in the plasma of hamster fed with a high-fat/cholesterol diet. Plasma samples were collected at different time points during the progression of atherosclerosis and individual proton NMR spectra were visually and statistically assessed using multivariate analyses. NMR results for all samples showed a time-dependent development from physiological to pathophysiological status during atherosclerosis. Analysis of the identified biomarkers of atherosclerosis suggests that lipid and amino acid metabolisms are significantly disturbed, together with inflammation, oxidative stress, following cholesterol overloading. The results enriched our understanding of the mechanism of atherosclerosis and demonstrated the effectiveness of the NMR-based metabonomics approach to study such a complex disease.

Objective To investigate the variance of expression of bcl-2 and bax genes in the genesis of gastric carcinoma as well as their relationship. Methods Thirty-five cases of early-stage gastric carcinoma and Twenty-four cases of chronic atrophic gastritis were studied by immunohistochemical method. Results There were no statistical differences of bcl-2 expression levels between gastric carcinoma and atypical hyperplasia or paracancerous intestinalepithelial metaplasia(IEM)(P＞0. 05). There were statistical differences of bcl-2 expression between normal epithelial tissues (or non-cancerous IEM) and the other three groups (P＜0.05),but no statistical difference between the normal epithelial and the non-cancerous IEM group was observed (P＞0. 05). The expressions of bax protein were found in the normal epithelial and the other groups in varying degrees,but there were no statistical differences between either two of the groups (P＞0.05). The bcl-2/bax ratio was higher in early-stage gastric carcinoma,atypical hyperplasia and paracancerous intestinai-metaplasia than in the non-cancerous intestinal-metaplasia (P＜0. 05) and normal epithelial tissues(P＜0. 01). Conclusion The abnormal expression of bcl-2 protein and bax protein ,especially the increased bcl-2/bax ratio, probably play an important role in the course of carcinogenesis of gastric carcinoma.