1.Advances in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection
Journal of Medical Postgraduates 2015;(9):995-1000
As one of the most catastrophic complications, prosthetic joint infection remains one of the most stubborn medical problems.However, the biomarkers and laboratory tests commonly used often exhibit either a low sensitivity or a low specificity, which makes it still difficult to diagnose.Therefore, we summarize a number of recent new developments home and abroad, and overview from the aspects of serological markers, synovial fluid markers, radionuclide imaging methods, preoperative periprosthetic tissue biopsy, in-traoperative periprosthetic tissue culture, histological analysis of periprosthetic tissue and new molecular technology.
2.Postconcussional syndrome and the development of its objective assessment techniques
Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine 1987;0(03):-
The diagnosis of post-concussion symptoms (PCS) has been a controversial issue because of that its pathogenesis is often involved in both neural damage and psychosocial factors. Recent researches have examined the diagnostic and evaluating value of several available methods or tools, including clinical interview, conventional CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neuropsychologic testing and neurochemical test. In mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), there exist diffusive damages to white matter distributed particularly near the gray matter-white matter boundary and in the long white-matter tracts in midline structures. The conventional imaging techniques are unable to detect any positive evidence due to the diffusive nature of these injuries. This paper is to review epidemiologic study, diagnostic criteria and relevant disputes, conventional diagnostic strategy and new MRI techniques, and then evaluate the application and prospective value of them in the diagnosis and rating of PCS and MTBI. Non-invasively quantitative assessments of modern brain imaging technique may be developed to sensitive and promising tools in the diagnosis and forensic evaluation of PCS.
3.Health education and medical behavior intervention among healthcare providers who manage diarrhea,rickets.pneumonia,and nutritional anemia in urban children
Chinese Journal of General Practitioners 2009;8(7):490-492
From October 2006 to December 2008,170 medical professionals(120 from a provincial hospital,and 50 from 10 district hospitals or hygiene stations),and 400 baby watchers who took care of children(aged<3 years)with diarrhea,rickets,pneumonia,or nutritional anemia were randomly assigned to reeeive health education or medical behavior intervention.The results showed that the basic knowledge on prevention and treatment of diarrhea,rickets,pneumonia,or nutritional anemia wad improved,and oral rehydration solution utility rate was significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The rate of breast feeding was higher,and the use of auxiliary food became more proper and timely.The use of antibiotics decreased.The baby watchers got more suggestions,and their qualification rate of medical knowledge and disease.related treatment behaviors were improved(all P<0.01). Nerwork-based health education and medical behavior intervention may have significant effects on healthcare providers who look after urban children with diarrhea,rickets,pneumonia,or nutritional anemia.
5.Exploration of Methods for Testing Effectiveness of Indoor Air Purifying Sets
Kang ZHAO ; Zulu WANG ; Da DENG
Journal of Environment and Health 2000;17(6):338-340
[Objective] To explore more scientific and reasonable methods for testing the effectiveness of indoorair purifying sets, so as to obtain scientific and constant experimental data from every laboratories. [Methods] Theindoor air purifying sets were classified on the basis of their working mechanisms. Several kinds of current popularmethods for testing the purifying effectiveness and their characters were compared each other and analyzed. The in-fluencing factors and limited conditions of 3 determining models under special conditions established on the basis ofbalance model of pollutants release were explored and studied. [Results] Several current popular methods for testingthe purifying effectiveness were crude, which couldn't accurately reflact the purifying effectiveness of tested indoorair purifying sets. To ensure the experimental operation simple and strict and to obtain scientific testing data, the ex-perimental process should be controlled and transfered to a model suitable for simple volatile matter or other modelseasily operated under the control of its influencing factors. [Conclusion]The establishments of accurate testing meth-ods and accurate expressions of testing results were the sufficient and essential conditions for accurate evaluation ontesting objectives.
6.Detection of Prototheca zopfii infection in mouse skin tissue sections by using fluorescence in situ hybridization
Yuli KANG ; Ying ZHAO ; Qiangqiang ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Dermatology 2014;47(9):646-649
Objective To evaluate the feasibility to detect Prototheca in a mouse model of Prototheca zopfii cutaneous infection by using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).Methods The model of Prototheca zopfii cutaneous infection was established by abdominal subcutaneous inoculation of Prototheca zopfii suspensions into 20 male BALB/c mice.Seven days after the inoculation,the mice were sacrificed,and tissue specimens were obtained from abdominal skin and subjected to microscopic examination,fungal culture and paraffin embedding.A PZ-probe was artificially synthesized and used to detect Prototheca in paraffin-embedded sections by using FISH.Moreover,both periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining were performed to examine the paraffin-embedded sections.Skin specimens obtained from normal mice and Candida albicans-or Cryptococcus neoformans-infected mice served as the negative control.Results Clinical presentations,pathological examination and fungal culture results all confirmed the successful establishment of Prototheca zopfii skin infection model in mice.Prototheca was identified by FISH with the PZ-probe in the paraffin-embedded skin tissue sections from the murine model of Prototheca zopfii cutaneous infection,but not detected in the negative control tissue specimens,which was consistent with the results of PAS and HE staining.Conclusion FISH can be used to detect Prototheca in paraffin-embedded skin sections from the mouse model of Prototheca zopfii cutaneous infection.
7.Transcriptional regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor by estradiol and tamoxifen in breast cancer
Xinmei KANG ; Qingyuan ZHANG ; Wenhui ZHAO
China Oncology 2006;0(12):-
Background and purpose:Angiogenesis plays an important part in growth and metastases of breast cancer. Nowadays researchers put more concern about whether endocrine therapy adjusts tumor angiogenesis in breast cancer. Here we investigated the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) expression in breast cancer in response to various stimuli:estradiol(E2) ,ICI182780 and tamoxifen. Methods:We studied the regulation of VEGFmRNA expression in MCF-7 cells stimulated by E2 at different doses and duration by semiquantitative RT-PCR. When ICI182780 and Tamoxifen used alone or in combination with E2,the expression of VEGFmRNA was detected respectively. Results:Dose-dependent experiments indicated that the maximum VEGF mRNA level(0.125?0.006) -(0.112?0.014) was obtained at 1-10 nmol/L.The response of VEGFmRNA expression to E2(1 nmol/L) occurred in a time-dependent manner;the level of VEGF transcripts(0.105?0.009) signifi cantly increased within 2 h and reached a maximum at 6 h(0.140?0.024)(P
8.Etiology and pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Haiyan ZHAO ; Yayi XIA ; Pengde KANG
Orthopedic Journal of China 2006;0(08):-
Disruption of blood supply to the femoral head and subsequent hypoxia are implicated in the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH),which frequently leads to the progressive collapse of the femoral head,thus causing degenerative arthritis of the hip joint.But the pathophysiology of osteonecrosis of the femoral head has not been completely elucidated.It is accepted that steroids and alcohol intake are two most common causes of ONFH.Now many theories have been proposed to decipher the etiology and pathogenesis of ONFH,including abnormal lipid metabolism,elevated intraosseous pressure,intravascular coagulation,second collision theory,etc.The purpose of this review is to summarize the etiology and pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
9.Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in osteonecrosis of the femoral head during the repairing with biodegradable strontium-doped calcium polyphosphate
Haiyan ZHAO ; Yayi XIA ; Pengde KANG
Orthopedic Journal of China 2006;0(10):-
[Objective]To investgate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in osteonecrosis of the femoral head during the repairing with biodegradable strontium-doped calcium polyphosphate in glucocorticoid-induced rabbits.[Method]Twenty mg/kg methylprednisolone was injected into right gluteus medius muscle at intervals of 24 hours for three times in 21 adult male Japanese white rabbits.Three rabbits were killed randomly at 2 weeks after methylpednisolone injection,both the femora and humeri were histologically examined for the presence of osteonecrosis. The remaining 18 animals with a total of 36 cylindrical 2.5?5 mm femoral head defects were created following the trapdoor procedure. Eighteen animals with femoral head bone defects were randomly divided into three groups. Group A:the defects filled with strontium-doped calcium polyphosphat,Group B:the defects filled with calcium polyphosphate and Group C:the defects filled with autologous cancellous bone alone. Roentgenographic and histological examinations were performed postoperatively. Finally,immunohistochemical analysis using monoclonal antibodies anti-VEGF was performed.[Result]No hip joint dislocation occurred. In Group A,the results of VEGF expression had a significantly difference from those in the other groups 12 weeks after operation. Most of the biodegradable strontium-doped calcium polyphosphate was resorbed and was largely replaced by newly formed trabecular bone at 12 weeks. While in Group B,a major part of defect were repaired. New formed trabecular bone in the defect was very thin. In Group C,morsellized cancellous bone was completely surrounded by fibrous and newly formed trabecular bone. [Conclusion]VEGF expression in the defect of osteonecrosis of the femoral head during the repairing with biodegradable strontium-doped calcium polyphosphate may play a role in stimulating vascular invasion and granulation tissue formation.This may be an important step toward facilitating the resorption in the osteonecrosis,thus impooring the repairing proceduce of femoral head defect.
10.Tei index evaluation of left ventricular function after off-pump coronary artery bypass
Haicun WANG ; Lin ZHAO ; Weiqiang KANG
Chinese Journal of Ultrasonography 2003;0(10):-
Objective To assess the changes of left ventricular function after off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) using Tei index. Methods Fourty-six patients of coronary artery disease, who had accepted OPCAB, were enrolled. Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), E/A ratio at mitrial orifice(E/A), E deceleration time(EDT), isovolumic relaxation time(IVRT), ratio of systolic wave to diastolic wave of pulmonary vein flow(S/D) and Tei index were measured by transthoracic echocardiography before, immediate, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after OPCAB. Results Tei index decreased gradually as time went on after OPCAB and the differences were significant between different times(P