Tsutsugamushi disease is an acute infectious rickettsial disease caused by the intracellular parasite Orientia tsutsugamushi. Due to its variety of clinical signs, this disease is often misdiagnosed. This article examines a total of 4 patients who visited our clinics with fever and sore throat. 3 of them had body temperature of 39.5 Celsius degrees when admitted. The characteristic black eschar occurred on 4 of them. Lymphadenopathy occurred on 2 of them. Cough occurred on 1 of them. Lab tests showed that 3 of them had Leukocytosis, 1 of them had increased bronchovascular markings, and 3 of them had Weil-Felix test positive. After admission, all patients, who were confirmed of diagnosis of tsutsugamushi disease instead of tonsillitis, received the comprehensive treatment and cured afterwards.
Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; Pharyngitis ; etiology ; Scrub Typhus ; complications ; diagnosis ; Tonsillitis ; diagnosis

Objective:To explore the influential factors of cognitive change among Chinese oldest-old.Method: Three waves of data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS)were analyzed with a two-level repeated measures model.Results:In baseline,the male had a higher mean MMSE score than the female(27.0?3.7/24.4?5.6,P

The quality of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) has been mainly evaluated based on chemical ingredients, yet recently more attentions have been paid on biological ingredients, especially for pill-based preparations. It is a key approach to establish a fast, accurate and systematic method of biological ingredient analysis for realization of modernization, industrialization and internationalization of TCMs. The biological ingredient analysis of TCM preparations could be abstracted as the identification of multiple species from a biological mixture. The metagenomic approach based on high-throughput-sequencing (HTS) and big-data-mining has been considered as one of the most effective methods for multiple species analysis of a biological mixture, which would also be helpful for the analysis of biological ingredients in TCMs. Simultaneous identification of diverse species, including the prescribed species, adulterants, toxic species, protected species and even the biological impurities introduced through production process, could be achieved by selecting appropriate DNA biomarkers, as well as applying large-scale sequence comparison and data mining. By this approach, it is prospective to offer an evaluation basis for the effectiveness, safety and legality of TCM preparations.

Objective To investigate the expression of CD158b in NK cells after allogeneic kidney transplantation.Methods In 62 patients with allogeneic kidney transplantation, blood samples were collected on the day before operation, first, 7th day after operation, the moment the graft (reco)-(vered) and the acute rejection occurred. The expression of CD158b was detected in peripheral blood NK cells. The ratio of CD3~-CD16/56~+CD158b~+ was measured.Results There were 38 patients without acute rejection during the whole transplantation period. The ratio of CD3~-CD16/56~+ cells and CD3~-CD16/56~+CD158b~+ cells were stable before and after the transplantation. Twenty-four patients experienced acute rejection post-transplantation. The ratio of CD3~-CD16/56~+ cells was increased significantly after acute rejection, the ratio of CD3~-CD16/56~+CD158b~+ cells decreased significantly, and the percentage of CD3~-CD16/56~+CD158b~+ cells of total NK cells decreased significantly.Conclusion There are not too much factors interfering with the expression of CD158b in NK cells, and the ratio of CD3~-CD16/56~+CD158b~+ cells had already decreased significantly before the clinical diagnosis of (acute) rejection. Monitoring of CD158b in NK cells is more accurate and sensitive for the evaluation of immune state.

The quality of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) has been mainly evaluated based on chemical ingredients, yet recently more attentions have been paid on biological ingredients, especially for pill-based preparations. It is a key approach to establish a fast, accurate and systematic method of biological ingredient analysis for realization of modernization, industrialization and internationalization of TCMs. The biological ingredient analysis of TCM preparations could be abstracted as the identification of multiple species from a biological mixture. The metagenomic approach based on high-throughput-sequencing (HTS) and big-data-mining has been considered as one of the most effective methods for multiple species analysis of a biological mixture, which would also be helpful for the analysis of biological ingredients in TCMs. Simultaneous identification of diverse species, including the prescribed species, adulterants, toxic species, protected species and even the biological impurities introduced through production process, could be achieved by selecting appropriate DNA biomarkers, as well as applying large-scale sequence comparison and data mining. By this approach, it is prospective to offer an evaluation basis for the effectiveness, safety and legality of TCM preparations.
Biological Products ; chemistry ; Data Mining ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Metagenomics ; methods

Abstract: Objective　To monitor and analyze the avian influenza virus contamination in the environment outside the poultry-related places in Guangxi, and to assess the risk of human infection with avian influenza viruses, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of avian influenza in Guangxi. Methods　From 2021 to 2022, environmental samples from 5 kinds of poultry-related sites were collected monthly in 14 cities of Guangxi. The real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR method was used to detect the nucleic acids of generic influenza A viruses, and H5, H7, and H9 subtypes of avian influenza virus. The detection results of avian influenza virus in the environment of the poultry-related sites in Guangxi were collected for retrospective analysis. SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis, and the chi-square test was used to compare the rates. Results　From 2021 to 2022, a total of 5 960 environmental samples were collected in 14 cities, of which 3 918 were positive for influenza A virus nucleic acid, with a positive rate of 65.74%; Among the positive samples, 281 were positive for H5 subtype (7.17%), 2 508 were positive for H9 subtype (64.01%), 552 were positive for H5+H9 subtype (14.09%), 577 were positive for type A but not H5/H7/H9 (14.73%), and no subtype H7 was detected. The positive rate of influenza A in poultry-related environment samples was higher throughout the year in Guangxi; except for Wuzhou, which had a similar number of H5, H9, and A non-H5/H7/H9 subtypes, the H9 subtype was predominantly detected in other cities. There was significant variability in positive rates among different regions, with the highest being in Hezhou City (90.32%, 653/723) and the lowest in Yulin City (28.96%, 75/259). The positive rate of different specimen types ranged from 50.32% to 74.94%. There were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of samples from different types of samples (χ2=163.08, P<0.001), different months (χ2=172.69, P<0.001), different regions (χ2=498.86, P<0.001), different monitoring sites (χ2=370.01, P<0.001). Conclusions　There is severe contamination of avian influenza virus in the poultry-related environment in Guangxi, predominantly with the H9 and H5 subtypes. Therefore, the relevant authorities in Guangxi should strengthen the monitoring, management, and disinfection of poultry-related premises.

Objective To investigate the effect of compound catechu anti-diarrhea ointment on the expression of aquaporin3 (AQP3) in the colonic tissues of diarrhea rat model, and the mechanism thereof. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:blank control group, model control group, positive control group and compound catechu anti-diarrhea ointment group. Rats were given 6 g blank matrix cream in model control group, 2 mL suspension of berberine in positive control group and compound catechu anti-diarrhea ointment in compound catechu anti-diarrhea ointment group, two times/d for 7 d. The rat model of diarrhea was established by using senna intragastric administration. The water content of feces was measured. The expression of AQP3 in colonic tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry assay. Results The water contents of feces were significantly higher in model control group (64.09±0.41)%than those of other three groups (F=53.879,P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the water content of feces between compound catechu anti-diar-rhea ointment group (48.83 ± 1.08)%and positive control group (46.87 ± 2.19)%. The AQP3-positive cells were mainly ex-pressed in the intestinal mucosa. The dyeing index was significantly lower in model control group (0.85±0.18) than that of other three groups (F=14.971,P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the dyeing index between compound catechu anti-diarrhea ointment group (1.30±0.18) and positive control group (1.37±0.14). Conclusion Compound catechu anti-di-arrhea ointment can significantly reduce the water contents of feces, which may be related to the increased AQP 3 expression in colonic tissues.

BACKGROUND:Proximal femoral nail anti-rotation has good biomechanical basis, and has obvious advantages for intertrochanteric fracture in aged patients, but there are some problems in the clinic, because of improper handling of material matching and operation details, which can impact therapeutic effects and functional recovery. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the efficacy and issues of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture in patients at more than 60 years old. METHODS:From July 2011 to July 2012, proximal femoral nail anti-rotation was used to treat 56 cases of intertrochanteric fractures. Clinical data bank was established to analyze intraopeative problems and postoperative complications. At 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months postoperatively, outpatient and telephone folow-up were carried out to evaluate therapeutic effects and functional recovery of hip joint. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four patients died within 1 year. Seven patients lost within a year for other reasons. The remaining 45 patients were folowed with the time from 12 to 24 months, with an average time of 18.2 months. Harris score was (85.00±6.75) points. There were excelent in 26 cases, good in 15 cases, average in 3 cases and poor in 1 case, with an excelent and good rate of 91%. 18 cases were not satisfied with the position of fracture fragments. In 9 cases, proximal femur was not match with the proximal femoral nail anti-rotation. Seven cases were not satisfied because of the location and length of the spiral blade. Seven cases affected lateral cortex fracture. One case experienced postoperative pulmonary embolism. One case suffered from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Nine cases suffered from local sweling. 13 cases experienced hip pain. Five cases affected the healing of fracture extended. Results showed that proximal femoral nail anti-rotation for intertrochanteric fracture in aged patients obtained good outcomes, but we should improve the separation of fracture fragments and reduce intraoperative and postoperative complications.

Objective To study the effect of interleukin 2(IL-2)of clinical dose range,on the proliferation of human peripheral blood T cells,with special emphasis on the number and functional phenotype of γδT cells.Methods Human peripheral blood mononuelear cells(PBMCs)were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and cultured for 2 weeks at different IL-2 concentrations.Ratio and phenotype of different T cell subpopulations before and after in vitro expansion were explored by immunofluorescence staining.Cell number was estimated by trypan blue staining and cell counting.Results Within the four functional phenotypes of Vδ1 as well as Vδ2 γδT cells,CD27~+cells(including CD27~+CD45RA~+and CD27~+CD45RA~-subsets)expressed lymphoid tissue homing receptor CCR7,whereas CD27~-cells(including CD27~-CD45RA~+and CD27~-CD45RA~-subsets)had the peripheral tissue homing potential.All the studied γδT functional subsets showed the expression of activity related receptors,and the ability of a rapid production of various amount of cytotoxicity related effectors following mitogen stimulation.Although IL-2 at high concentration suppressed the proliferation of CD4 T cells,it may promote the proliferation of γδT cells.The proliferated γδT cells were mainly CD27~-CD45RA~-effector cells.Conclusion IL-2 of the clinical dose range may promote proliferation of human peripheral blood γδT cells,which might have important biological significance in IL-2 based anti-tumor therapy.

Objectives To investigate etiology, clinical characteristics and outcome in children with epilepsia partialis continua (EPC). Methods Sixty-three pediatric patients with EPC were retrospectively analysed. The patients aged (5.53±3.65) years old, with brain CT scans or MRIs after diagnosis, basic laboratory tests, cerebrospinal lfuid analysis and electroencephalog-raphy. The average follow-up time was (22.19±21.19) months (6-72 months). Results The median duration of EPC was 11 days (1-180 days). The causes of EPC were inlfammatory and immune-mediation (36 cases, 57.14%, Rasmussen’s encephalitis included), metabolic disorders (8 cases, 12.70%), brain structure abnormalities (5 cases, 7.94%), vascular malformation (5 cases, 7.94%), dual causes (3 cases, 4.76%), post brain surgery (2 cases, 3.17%) and cryptogenic pathogenesis (4 cases, 6.35%). Neurological dysfunc-tions were observed in 44 cases (69.84%). Age, routine cerebrospinal lfuid abnormalities, the presence of inlfammation and im-mune mediated, EPC long duration, involving the right upper extremity were the risk factors of poor prognosis. Conclusions The most common causes of childhood EPC are inlfammation and immune-mediated central nervous system diseases. Patients with early age of onset, a great tendency of longer duration of EPC and cerebrospinal lfuid abnormalities, involving the right upper ex-tremity have a poor prognosis.