Rifaximin as a representative of the non-absorbable antibiotics,has special effects and wide application prospects in treatments of acute intestinal tract infections,irritable bowel syndrome,inflammatory bowel disease,diverticulosis of colon,hepatic encephalopathy and so on.This paper reviews the advances on clinical efficacy and safety of rifaximin to provide reference for clinical use.

BACKGROUND:COX-2 gene actual y exists in the joint fibroblast-like synoviocytes, it affects osteoarthritis occurrence and development. Understanding the differences of COX-2 gene expression levels at different stages of osteoarthritis synoviocytes has important theoretical significance for the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis, as wel as the role of synoviocytes in this process.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the difference of COX-2 mRNA at different stages of osteoarthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes.
METHODS:Synovial membrane from 44 osteoarthritis patients and 12 normal cases were selected. Primary cells were cultured to passage 4 fibroblast-like synoviocytes for the use in the experiment. COX-2 mRNA expression in osteoarthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes and normal fibroblast-like synoviocytes was detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. The relative quantitative analysis was performed using 2-ΔΔCt method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Expression of COX-2 mRNA in osteoarthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes was significantly higher than that in normal fibroblast-like synoviocytes (P<0.05). The expression levels reached a peak at early osteoarthritis group, with significant differences compared with middle and late osteoarthritis groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between middle and later osteoarthritis groups (P>0.05). COX-2 mRNA might be important biological marker for the inflammation in osteoarthritis, and mainly plays a role in early osteoarthritis stage.

Objective To evaluate the understanding and supporting degree of staff and patients in Hefei's primary medical institutions on the essential drugs policy.Methods The staff and outpatients were taken from 45 primary medical institutions in Hefei, and “ medical staff questionnaire” and “ patient questionnaire” were finished.Results Total understanding rates of medical staff and patients were 89.4％ and 59. 1％ ,respectively, total supporting rate was 90. 8％ and 93.9％, respectively. The supporting rate is affected by age, educational level, residence and other factors. Conclusion In order to meet the public demand for health and medicine, the essential drugs policy should be publicized and the elderly,urban and rural patients and the medical staff should be paid more affention.

Objective To investigate the applications of antibacterial agents to outpatients in primary hos -pitals in Hefei City of Anhui Province,and to provide reference for rational use of antibacterial agents.Methods In 2011, fourty-five primary hospitals in Hefei City were selected randomly ,including urban community health service centers (Group A) and township hospitals(Group B),and thirty or fourty outpatient prescriptions were analyzed monthly . Results In Group A, the percentage and intensity of antimicrobial usage , the proportion of the combination and injectable formulation were ( 45.36 ±20.02 )%, ( 89.73 ±25.50 ) DDDs · ( 100 cases ) -1 · d-1 , 13.34%, 23.16%,respectively,and the data in Group B were (61.36 ±17.18)%,(108.46 ±32.27)DDDs· (100 cases) -1 · d-1,29.13%,46.39%,respectively,which the former were significantly lower than the latter.Conclusion In primary hospitals,the applications of antibacterial agents to outpatiants are not rataional ,including high percentages of usage and unreasonable selection of species ,and more supervision and training need to be given to the medical staff , especially in township hospitals .

Adolescent ; Aminopeptidases ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Fatty Liver ; blood ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Obesity ; blood ; complications

Objective To investigate the effect of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of ventricular outflow tract septum on the left ventricular structure and function in experimental canine.Methods Healthy experimental dogs were used for this study.RFA of the myocardium at ventricular outflow tract septum was performed.Before RFA,thoracic ultrasound examination was used to determine the width of left ventricular outflow tract,the systolic interventricular septum thickness,left ventricular ejection fraction,etc.The ultrasound examination was performed immediately after RFA to check the above indexes.Ultrasound examination was employed one and 3 months after RFA to record the above indexes of the survived dogs,and pathological examination was made.Results Among the 10 experimental dogs,successful RFA was achieved in 9,and one dog died of ventricular fibrillation.In one dog RFA was successfully accomplished,but it died of respiratory inhibition due to over-deep anesthesia.Immediate success rate of surgery was 80％,eight dogs survived to the scheduled follow-up time point.The width of left ventricular outflow tract and the systolic interventricular septum thickness determined immediately after RFA as well as one and three months after RFA in the survived dogs were significantly different from the preoperative data (P＜0.05).Histopathologically,striking microscopic changes could be observed.No obvious changes in ECG and blood pressure were seen.Conclusion The results of this study indicate that RFA of ventricular outflow tract septum in experimental dogs is safe and effective,which provides useful parameters and experimental basis for further animal experiments and clinical trials.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Nuclear Proteins ; metabolism ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1 ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism

Bridged-Ring Compounds ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Poisoning ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective For selecting and developing the excellent Bupleurum chinense to mass-produce seedlings and seeds in high quality.Methods B.chinense was picked from eight different areas,such as Lingchuan and Wanrong county in Shanxi Province,Longxi county in Gansu Province,and Shangluo in Shaanxi Province,etc.Rapid propagation was done.The testa of Zhongchai No.1 was scrapped or seeds were soaked in different phytohormones.The effects on germination rates of seeds were compared.ResultsThe optimum medium for bud propagation was B5supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.2 mg/L KT.The optimum medium for root induction of test-tube plantlets was 1/2 MS added with 0.1 mg/L NAA,0.5 mg/L IBA,and 1.0 mg/L DSC.The annual propagation coefficient of B.chinense plants was more than 1?108,and the survival rate of transplantation reached to 94%—97%.The phytohormone has little effect on seed germination of B.chinense,but scraping the testa could increase the germination percentage of seeds to 20% and shorten the germinating time greatly.Conclusion By tissue culture of excellent B.chinense,a great deal of plants and seeds could be produced in short time.By scrapping testa in a certain extent,the germination of seeds could be increased.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of automated breast volume scanner(ABVS) system in detection musculoskeletal system lesions.Methods Totally 49 patients were scanned by Acuson S2000 ABVS system after conventional ultrasound examination.The scanning data of ABVS were stored and automatically reconstructed to obtain coronal and sagittal images.Then the results were analyzed and the occurrence rates of circle sign of different lesions were compared.Results The images of 49 lesions were obtained with ABVS and conventional ultrasound successfully.Statistical difference of the occurrence rate of circle sign was found between benign and malignant lesions (x2 =5.559,P =0.021).However,there was no statistical difference between hemangioma and malignant lesions (x2 =2.098,P =0.156).Meanwhile,a missed lesion in conventional ultrasound examination was found in coronal view by ABVS.Conclusions ABVS system can obtain effective coronal images of musculoskeletal system lesions,which represents a progress.