Objective: To determine glycyrrhizic acid content in Gankang Granules by HPLC.Methods: HPLC analysis was carried out with C 18 column and methanol acetic acid water (65∶5∶30) as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 250nm.Results: The linear range was 9.78～58.68 ?g( r=0.9999 n=6) . The average recovery was 98.40%, RSD was 0.88%. Conclusion: The method is simple, reliable and sensitive. It can be used in quality control of Gankang Granules.

Objective To evaluate the reason of failure of the interlocking nail.Methods From1998-2001, 72 patients with femur fractures were treated with the interlocking nail.Results 61 cases were followed-up,there were 5 breakages in the locking nail. The failure occurred after operation from 4～9 months.And 3 cases were at the middle of the nail.2 cases were at the first screw of the distal of the fracture.Conclusion The reason of breakage concluded open operation,too much separation of the periosteum,too early full weight bearing and unfit function exercise.

Objective To investigate the effects of probiotics on the occurrence of ovalbumin (OVA) induced food allergy and the regulatory effects on immune function of rat models. Methods Thirty female Brown-Norway rats aged 3 weeks were randomly divided into blank control group,food allergy group and probiotics intervention group(n=10).The levels of serum OVA-IgE and intestinal sIgA were measured by ELISA method.Splenic lymphocytes were isolated and cultured in vitro,and the Treg lymphocyte subgroups in the spleen were analyzed by flow eytometry.The levels of IFN-γ,IL-4 and IL-10 in the supernatant of cultured splenic lymphocytes were measured by ELISA method. Results The serum OVA-IgE level in food allergy group was significantly higher than that in blank control group(P<0.05),while that in probiotics intervention group was significantly lower than that in food allergy group(P<0.05).Compared with food allergy group and blank control group,the level of intestinal sIgA in probiotics intervention group was significantly higher(P<0.05).The percentage of CD4~+CD25~+T lymphoeytes in food allergy group was significantly lower than that in blank contml group(P0.05).The levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in food allergy group were significantly higher than those in blank control group(P<0.05).Probiotics intervention group had significantly lower levels of IL-4,IL-10 and IFN-γ than food allergy group(P<0.05).The ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 in food allergy group was significantly lower than that in blank control group(P<0.05),while that in probiotics intervention group was significantly higher than that in food allergy group(P<0.05). Conclusion Probioties intervention could prevent the occurrence of food allergy in animal models by modulating the Th1/Th2 eytokine balance.

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is one kind of common vascular disease. Inflammation and matrix degradation in the vasculature are crucial for AAA formation, key mechanism of which include vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC) senescence, oxidative stress, increased local production of proinflammatory cytokines, and increased activities of matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs). Cyp A, the member of cyclophilins,has a variety of physiological functions. It is highly expressed in VSMC, and plays an important role in the development of AAA, making it a new therapeutic target for such disease.

Objective To observe the effect of Wenxiao Decoction in treating the patients with carotid atherosclerostic (CAS) plaque and assess the safety. Methods Sixty patients with CAS plaque were randomly allocated to treatment group (33 cases) and control group (27 cases). The control group was given routine therapy, and the treatment group was given Wenxiao Decoction additionally. And they were further divided into half-year treatment group and half-year control group, 1-year treatment group and 1-year control group. Carotid artery color Doppler ultrasound and hepatorenal function were examined before and after treatment. Results Compared with the control groups after therapy, the average numbers of plaques, maximal plaque thickness, Crouse plaque integral were decreased both in 1-year and half-year treatment groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). The plaque stability of 1-year treatment group was better than that of half-year treatment group. The average numbers of plaques, plaques size and Crouse plaque integral increased in control groups after routine therapy (P<0.05, P<0.01). Bilateral common carotid artery diameter, intima-medial thickness (IMT) and hepatorenal function had no statistical difference between before and after treatment both in treatment and control groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Wenxiao Decoction is effective and safe in treatment of CAS plaque, and plaque stability is more obvious with the extension of treatment time.

AIM: To study the change of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) expression in intestine tissues of mice induced by LPS and regulatory effect of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) on ICAM-1 expression. METHODS: Protein and mRNA of ICAM-1 were measured using Western blotting and RT-PCR respectively in intestine tissue of BALB/c mice treated by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) or LPS plus SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the expression of ICAM-1 protein and mRNA was increased significantly by LPS stimulation in dose- and time-dependent manner. ICAM-1 expression reached peak value at 12-36 h after LPS stimulation. 20.0 mg/kg of LPS could induce the maximum of ICAM-1 expression. Pretreatment of mice with SB203580 for 30 min could inhibit significantly LPS-induced expression of ICAM-1 protein and mRNA expression in mouse intestine tissues. CONCLUSIONS: These data highlight that LPS could up-regulate ICAM-1 protein and mRNA expression in intestine tissue of mice in dose- and time-dependent manner, and p38 MAPK signal pathway plays an important role in ICAM-1 expression induced by LPS. It suggests that inhibition of p38 MAPK might be a useful principle for the prevention and treatment of intestine damage of endotoxic shock.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of propofol in relieving pain during fibrobronchoscopy when it is used in general intravenous anesthesia.METHODS:160patients undergoing fibrobronchoscopy were randomly divided into propofol group and control group.90patients in the propofol group were anesthetized intravenously by injection of propofol at the dosage of1.5mg/kg and speed of30mg/10s and then underwent fibrobronchoscopy;While70patients in the control group underwent regular fibrobronchoscopy.RESULTS:The lash reflex disappeared within(40.73?7.91)seconds after propofol injection,and patients became conscious within(5.39?1.85)minutes after stopping injection,full consciousness occurred at(10.82?2.73)minutes.Electrocardiogram did not show any signs of change in blood pressure,myocardial ischemia and cardiac dysrhythmia,the post-operative satisfaction rate was96%as compared with81%in the control group.The patients in the propofol group showed extensive willingness for second fibrobronchoscopy,while the patients in the control group presented cough,struggle,and20%of them refused the second fibrobronchoscopy.CONCLUSION:It is safe and effective to apply propofol in painless fibrobronchoscopy.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Naohuandan Recipe on learning and memory abilities of SAM-P/8 mice and its role in anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis. METHODS: Forty SAM-P/8 mice were randomly divided into four groups, which were untreated (normal saline-treated) group, Yinkeluo Tablets (extracts of gingko leaf)-treated group, low-dose Naohuandan Recipe-treated group and high-dose Naohuandan Recipe-treated group. Mice in these groups were given corresponding drugs orally for 105 days. Then the performances of learning and memory of mice were tested by a step-down passive avoidance task and a Y-maze test. The serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were detected. The expression level of bcl-xl mRNA in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: The performances of learning and memory in the Yinkeluo Tablets-treated group, low- and high-dose Naohuandan Recipe-treated groups were significantly improved as compared with those in the untreated group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and such performance was the best in the high-dose Naohuandan Recipe-treated group among these four groups (P<0.01). The serum levels of SOD and GSH-Px and the expression of bcl-xl mRNA in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice in the Yinkeluo Tablets-treated group, low- and high-dose Naohuandan Recipe-treated groups were also significantly higher than those in the untreated group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the serum level of MDA in the untreated group was higher than that in the other three groups (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Naohuandan Recipe can improve learning and memory abilities of SAM-P/8 mice, and this effect may be related to its anti-oxidation efficacy and enhancement of expression level of bcl-xl mRNA.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of lengthening and rotational osteotomy of the fibula for lateral malleolar malunion. Methods Twenty-three patients who had suffering from the traumatic arthritis of ankle were due to lateral malleolar malunion treated with lengthening and rotational osteotomy from October 2005 to July 2008. Special radiographs were use to fully detect the extent of shortening and rotation of the fibula. The Lengthening and rotational osteotomy could be conducted with a special compression/distraction device and bone graft. The function of the ankles was evaluated by the American Orthopedic Foot Ankle Society (AOFAS) scoring system. Serial radiographs of the ankle were made to assess the bone healing and changes of posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Results Seventeen of 23 patients were followed up, with a mean 29.1 months (12-45 months). All the fractures were healed. The mean bone healing time was 13.3 weeks (11-16 weeks) and the mean time of total weight-bearing was 12.1 weeks (11-15 weeks). The ankle function score had improved from 29 (21-47) preoperatively to 81 (56-91)12 months after the operation. There was 5 in excellent, 8 in good, 3 in mild, 1 in poor, and the rate of good outcomes was 76.5%. After the operation, 1 patient had a skin necrosis around the wound which healed by conservative treatment. A slightly aggravated degeneration of the ankle joint was seen in 2 patients who responded to conservative managements. No failure of the internal fixation was noted in this group. Conclusion The outcomes demonstrate that reconstructive lengthening osteotomy is well worthwhile when there is absent or minimal osteoarthritic change, regardless the time from the original injury. Lengthening of the fibula is an important step in the treatment of the painful ankle when the fibula become shorter after injury, even when degenerative changes of the joint are already present. The lengthening of the fibula could lead to a good outcome in ankle with lateral malleolar malunion.

Objective To know the indication for patients with spinal cord injury during the course of intermittent urethral catheterization.Methods Divided 33 patients with spinal cord injury into the experimental group(18 cases)and control group(15 cases)randomly.The indication of beginning in the experiment group was less than 500 ml transfusion per day,without press ulcer,more than 150 ml bladder capacity.The indication in the control group was＞28 cm H2O pressure of bladder.Compared the effects between the two groups.Results The incidence rate of infection in the experiment group was lower than control group,all the indexes of uretharal catheterization were better in the experiment group than those of in the control group.Conclusions The indication of less than 500ml transfusion per day,without press ulcer,more than 150 ml bladder capacity are proper.