The effects of stromal-derived factor 1 preconditioning (PC) on apoptosis of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) treated with hypoxia plus serum deprivation were investigated. Bone mesenchymal stem cells were cultured with the whole marrow-adherence technique. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of CXCR4. BMSCs were incubated in medium for 24 h with 10 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL SDF-1 respectively, and then they were treated with hypoxia plus serum deprivation for 6 h. Apoptosis rate was determined by flow cytometry and TUNEL method. The results showed that BMSCs had CXCR4 expression. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly reduced in SDF-1 PC group as compared with the control group, and 100 ng/mL SDF-1 PC group had the lowest level of apoptosis. It was concluded that SDF-1 preconditioning suppresses the apoptosis of BMSCs treated with hypoxia plus serum deprivation.

Objective To investigate the effects of preconditioning (PC) with stromal-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1) on the levels of apoptosis of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) treated with hypoxia plus serum deprivation, and observe the therapeutic efficacy of cellular transplant with BMSC preconditioned with SDF-1 in rats with acute myocardial infarction. Methods BMSC were cultured with the whole marrow-adherence way. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the expression of CXCR4. BMSC were incubated in medium for 24 h with 10 and 100 μg/L SDF-1 respectively, then treated with hypoxia plus serum deprivation for 6 h. The levels of apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL method. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model was established in SD rats, and BMSC preconditioned or non-preconditioned with SDF-1 were transplanted into border zone around infarct area, then heart function was measured after two weeks by ultrasonography. Results BMSC exhibited the CXCR4 expression. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly reduced in SDF-1 PC group than in control group (P<0.05), and 100μg/L SDF-1 PC group had the lowest level of apoptosis. AMI model was established successfully. Two weeks after BMSC transplant, significant improvement in cardiac function was observed in 100 μg/L SDF-1 PC group as compared with the non-PC group (P<0.05). Conclusions PC with the chemokine SDF-1 suppresses the apoptosis of BMSC treated with hypoxia plus serum deprivation. SDF-1 PC is a novel approach for enhancing therapeutic efficacy of cellular transplant in rats with AML

Objective:To evaluate the effect of sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) for STC by receptor tyrosine kinase c-kit.Methods:Wistar rats were fed with diphenoxylate to make slow transit constipation(STC) rat model.Sacral nerve stimulation(SNS) for the SNS Rat Group.The studied animals were allocated into three experimental groups:STC Rat Group;SNS Rat Group;Normal Rat Group;Every group included 10 rats.The c-kit of ICC in the subserosal layer of rats were analyzed by immunohistochemistry,western blot and RT-PCR.Results:The morphological characteristics of STC Rat Group were not comparable to those of the multipolar c-Kit positive ICC seen in the subserosa of colon of normal rat.In the colon of rat,c-kit protein and c-kit gene in SNS rat group and Normal rat group was significantly higher than STC rat group detecting by western blot.Statistical differences between STC Group and SNS Rat Group were found (P＜0.05);statistical differences between STC Group and Normal Rat Group were also found (P＜0.05).There was not statistical differences between SNS rat group and Normal Rat Group.Conclusion:SNS has effective treatment for the STC rat.

Objective To discuss the relativity of dyschesia with the change of puborectalismuscle.Methods 68 patients with dyschesia were compared with 68 healthy volunteers at lithotomy position undergoing 3D ultrasonography on resting,contracting and maximum exertion phase respectively.Three dimensionally reconstructed images were reconstructed and pubo-rectal angle and the thickness of puborectalis muscle at 6 o'clock position were measured.Results The pubo-rectal angle of the study group and control group had no significant differences at either resting [(86 ± 8) ° vs.(86 ± 8)°] or contracting phases [(88 ± 9) ° vs.(86 ± 7) °] (t =-0.145,t =0.434,P ＞ 0.05).While at maximum exertion the differences were significant [(80 ± 6) °vs.(95 ± 5) °,t =-5.397,P ＜ 0.05].The d-value of pubo-rectal angle between maximum and resting exertion statistically different [(6 ± 3) °,(-9 ± 7) °,t =5.551,P ＜ 0.05].The thickness of puborectalis muscle between the two groups differed statistically significant only at maximum exertion phase [(4.60 ± 0.60) mm vs.(3.97 ± 0.32) mm,t =6.872,P ＜ 0.05].The d-value of the thickness of puborectalis muscle between maximum and resting exertion were statistically different (t =-11.474,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The pubo-rectal angle of the study group is smaller at maximum exertion than the control group.The thickness of puborectalis muscle at six o'clock (lithotomy position) in study group is larger at maximum exertion than the control group.And the severity of constipation changed with the variation of angle.

The study summarizes the clinical experience of surgical treatments of various types of thoracic aneurysm and aortic dissection. Clinical data of 122 patients with thoracic aneurysm and aortic dissection during July 2005 to July 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. The elective operations were performed in 107 patients while emergency surgery was done in 15 cases. Different surgical strategies were employed on the basis of diseased region, including simple ascending aortic replacement (n=3), aortic root replacement (n=43), hemi-arch replacement /total arch replacement+elephant trunk technique (n=32), thoracic/thoracoabdominal aortic replacement (n=8) and endovascular repair (n=36). In this series, there is 4 cases of perioperative death due to massive cerebral hemorrhage (n=1), respiratory failure (n=1) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (n=2). Three cases developed post-operative massive cerebral infarction and the relatives of the patients abandoned treatment. Instant success rate of endovascular repair was 100%. The intimal rupture was sealed. Blood flow was unobstructed in true lumen and no false lumen was visualized. It was concluded that aggressive surgery should be considered in the patients with thoracic aneurysm and aortic dissection. Surgical procedures should vary with the location and the nature of the lesions.
Aneurysm, Dissecting/*surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/*surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Vascular Surgical Procedures/methods ; Young Adult

Objective: To investigate thestatus and control of blood lipid level among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）in rural communities of Zhejiang Province，and to provide evidence for blood lipid control for T2DM. Methods: A sample of 10 343 patients with T2DM managed by communities from Jiashan，Suichang and Yongkang in 2016 were recruited. Through the diabetes registry system，physical examination and laboratory tests，data of demographic features，blood pressure，body mass index（BMI），waist circumstance（WC），glycated hemoglobin（HbA1c），total cholesterol（TC），triglyceride（TG），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）were collected to learn the status of blood lipid control. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the influencing factors for blood lipid control. Results: The control rate of TC，TG，LDL-C and HDL-C in patients with T2DM was 29.84%，58.72%，48.25% and 61.27%，respectively. About 11.76% of patients had all the four indicators in control，while 9.22% of patients failed in all. The higher control rates of all of the four indicators were seen in males than females，in older age，in lower BMI and in normal people than in central obese people（all P<0.05）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex（OR=3.556，95%CI：3.070-4.119），age（OR=1.130，95%CI：1.060-1.204），WC（OR=0.989，95%CI：0.980-0.998）， BMI（OR=0.768，95%CI：0.688-0.857），systolic blood pressure（OR=0.991，95%CI：0.984-0.999），HbA1c level（OR=0.914，95%CI：0.876- 0.953），smoking（OR=0.768，95%CI：0.639-0.924）and drinking（OR=0.688，95%CI：0.536-0.884）were associated with the control of TC，TG，LDL-C and HDL-C in patients with T2DM. Conclusion The control rate of blood lipid is low in patients with T2DM in rural communities of Zhejiang Province，surveillance and interventions should be focused on sex，overweight/obesity，smoking，alcohol intake，blood glucose and blood pressure.

Objective To investigate the role of transmembrane protein C0-029 in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) cells.Methods RT-PCR and Western blot were conducted to detect the CO-029 expression in ICC cells and tissues.The effect of CO-029 silencing by lenti-virus on EMT induced by TNFα was investigated.Western blot and mass spectrometry after immunoprecipitation were used to confirm whether TNFαR1 can directly or indirectly bind with CO-029 to form complexes in ICC.Results Differential expression of CO-029 was observed in ICC cells and tissues.The expression of CO-029 was significantly reduced by lenti-viral interference in ICC cells,resulting in the failure of TNFα to induce EMT.TNFαR1 in ICC could directly or indirectly form complexes with CO-029.Conclusion CO-029 mediates TNFα/TNFαR1 induced EMT in ICC,which might play an important role in the invasion and metastasis.

Objective To investigate the expressions of tetraspanin CO-029 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and to find out their clinical significance.Methods RT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the expressions of CO-029 in ICC and their matched para-tumorous tissues from 20 patients with ICC,as well as in the HCCC-9810 cell lines.The expressions of CO-029 were further detected via tissue microarray (TMA) in the pathological specimens of 40 patients with ICC.Correlations between the expressions of CO-029 and the clinicopathologic features and prognosis were analyzed.Results A high level of CO-029 was detected in the 20 patients with ICC and the HCCC-9810 cell lines via western blot and RTPCR.Moreover,the expression levels of CO-029 in the ICC tissues were higher than the matched para-tumorous tissues (P ＜ 0.05).TMA detection revealed the positive expression rate of CO-029 to be 65％ (26/40).The expression level of CO-029 was much higher in the early recurrence group (Time to recurrence,TTR ＜ 1 year) than the non-recurrence group (TTR≥ 1 year).On analysis,the correlations were significant between the expressions of CO-029 and tumor encapsulation,hilar lymph node metastasis,TNM stage and prognosis (P ＜0.05).Conclusions CO-029 was highly expressed in ICC.It had close correlations with recurrence,metastasis and prognosis of patients with ICC.

Objective To study the effect of Tspan 8 on metastasis and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinomas(HCC).Methods RT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the expressions of Tspan 8 in HCC cell lines,HCC and matched nontumorous tissues.The expression of Tspan 8 was then down-regulated by LV/GFP/Tspan 8 in HCC cells.The expressions of Tspan 8 mRNA and protein were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot assay,respectively.The proliferation was examined by MTT,the expression of AMDM12 was assessed by Western blot,and the invasion ability of HCC cells was evaluated by transwells.Results A high level of Tspan 8 was found in high metastatic potential HCC cells,and the expression of Tspan 8 in HCC tissues was much higher than that in the matched nontumorous tissues. Down-regulation of Tspan 8 had no influence on the proliferation of HCC cells (P＞0.05),while it inhibited the expression of ADAM12 and the invasive ability of HCC cells (P＜0.01,P＜0.01 respectively).Conclusion Tspan 8 played an important role in invasion and metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinomas and down-regulation by LV/GFP/Tspan 8 inhibited the invasiveness of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of occult HBV infection (OBI) on carcinogenesis of cryptogenic hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods Samples of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pericarcinomatous tissues obtained after hepatectomy from January 2011 to November 2013 at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were collected.They were divided into two groups:the cryptogenic HCC group (the CH group,n =26) and the HBV related HCC group (the HH group,n =40).These samples were compared with the normal liver tissues obtained in 30 patients.HBV DNA was identified by the nested polymerase chain reaction and the immunohistochemical method was taken to examine the hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) and Yes-associated protein (YAP) expressions.Results OBI was identified in 20 (77.8％) cryptogenic HCC patients and 8 (26.7％) in the control group.There was a significant difference between the two groups (x2 =14.072,P ＜ 0.05).HBV DNA was detected in all the HBV-related HCC patients.The HBx protein expression was mainly located in the cytoplasm of liver cells and liver cancer cells,but YAP was expressed in the nucleus.Both of them showed diffuse brown or tan particles.In the HH group and the CH group,the positive expression rates of HBx protein in the tumorous tissues were 80.0％ and 90.0％,respectively,and 85.0％ and 82.5％ in the nontumorous tissues,but only in 40.0％ in the control group.The positive expression rates of YAP in the tumorous tissues were 65.0％ and 67.5％,respectively,15.0％ and 20.0％ in the nontumorous tissues,respectively,but only in 12.5％ in the control group.The HBx expression in the cancerous tissues and para-cancerous tissues of the HH group and the CH group showed no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05),but the YAP expression in the tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in the nontumorous tissues (P ＜ 0.05).The HBx and YAP expressions in the HH group were comparable to the CH group (P ＞ 0.05).However,their expressions in the cancerous tissue of the HH group and the CH group were significantly higher than in the normal liver tissues (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion A high prevalence of HBV infection was observed in HBsAg-negative HCC and the high expressions of HBx and YAP might be involved in the process of cryptogenic hepatocellular carcinoma.