Objective To retrospectively analyze 45 cases of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors and to assess the efficacy and feasibility of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors implanted with 125I radioactive seeds under guidance of ultrasound.Methods A total of 47 focuses in these 45 patients were determined with the size of these tumors by imaging study,the section was planed by ultrasound,the number and distribution of radioactive seeds were determined with the help of the particle treatment planning system,and were percutaneously implanted particles under guidance of ultrasound.The number and the distribution of particles were assessed by CT.Efficacy endpoints were reexamined and evaluated regularly by ultrasonic and CT according to the standards of WHO.Results The total percentage of efficacy was 70.2% (including complete remission,partial remission).The treatment effect of metastatic carcinoma of lymph node is superior to the parotid tumor.There was no serious complication during the period of implanting and 2 patients with oral ulcers were found after operation.Conclusion The oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor treated implanted with 125I radioactive seeds under guidance of ultrasound is very effective and safe,which is deserved to popularize.The ultrasound is the first choice as a guided method for oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors.

Objective To study the clinical features and to improve the treatment on the elderly patients with brain tumor.Methods Retrospective analysis of 163 cases with brain tumor which had been confirmed by CT,MRA or pathology.Results Of all the 163 cases,121 were located in supratentorium,most of which were meningiomas and gliomas.Most patients(129 cases)had comorbidity.After operation,symptoms disappeared or obviously improved in 126 cases,moderately improved in 19 cases,and did not changed in 6 patients.Twelve cases died after operation in a month, in which 9 patients were over 75 years old.The death rate of operation was 6.1%.Conclusions It is important to know the atypical manifestation of brain tumor in the elderly,which may prevent clinical misdiagnosis and mistherapy.The perioperative management is indispensable to the prognosis of the patients.The choice of operation and medication should be in individualized.

Objective To compare the value of bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP),Ranson score and Balthazar computed tomography severity index (CTSI) in predicting the severity and prognosis of acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods From 2005 to 2011 in Shanghai,the clinical data of 1004 AP cases from seven hospitals was collected and retrospectively analyzed.The value of BISAP score,Ranson score and Balthazar CTSI in predicting the severity and prognosis of AP were assessed with receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve.Results Among 1004 patients,the main cause of AP was biliary disease (580 cases),about 57.77％.The incidence of pancreatic necrosis,mortality and SAP increased along with BISAP score.The risk of pancreatic necrosis in patients with CTSI ≥ three was significantly higher than that of ＜ three.The risk of pancreatic necrosis and SAP in patients with BISAP score ≥ two was significantly higher than that of ＜ two (OR:4.93,95％CI 3.62-6.70; OR 2.62,95％CI 1.59-4.31,respectively).There was no significant difference in the accuracy of predicting the progression and mortality of AP among these three score systems.However the sensitivity of BISAP score (OR:61.54,95％CI 35.09-87.99) in predicting the progression and mortality of AP was better than that of Ranson (OR:46.15,95 ％ CI 19.05-73.25) and CTSI (OR:46.15,95％CI 19.05-73.25).Conclusions BISAP score is easy to perform and when combined with CTSI,it helps to make the diagnosis and classification of AP in time,predict the prognosis accurately.Compared with Ranson score,BISAP score has higher clinical value.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of T-cell vaccination in murine experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH).

METHODSTo induce the EAH model, the syngeneic S-100 antigen emulsified in complete Freud's adjuvant was injected intraperitoneally to C57Bl/6 at day 1 and day 7. For T-cell vaccination, splenocytes were removed from animal 2 weeks after induction of EAH and from control animals, and activated in vitro by mitogen stimulation with Concanavalin A (Con A), then inactivated by mitomycin and injected at 5 10(7) cells per animal as T-cell vaccination at 14 and 7 days before first induction of EAH.

RESULTSThe histological grade and serum ALT level of the mice who received T-cell vaccination were decrease significantly, compared with that of model group (1.44+/-0.88 vs. 2.33+/-0.87, t=2.24, P<0.05; 63.0U/L+/-23.4U/L vs. 115.0U/L1+/-39.6U/L, t=2.37, P<0.01, respectively); there was no significant change in mice who received irrelevant T-cell vaccination.

CONCLUSIONT-cell vaccination with T cells from EAH animals, but not with irrelevant T cells, was able to protect animals from EAH.

Animals ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; prevention & control ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Vaccination

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility of using iron oxide nanoparticles as gene vector and the effect of magnetic field on efficiency of transfection.

METHODSIron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by alkaline precipitation of divalent and trivalent iron chloride. The surface of iron oxide nanoparticles was modified by self-assembled poly-L-lysine to form particle complexes (IONP-PLL). Transfection was determined by delivering reporter gene, PGL2-control encoding luciferase, to different cell lines using IONP-PLL as vector. The effect of magnetic field on efficiency of transfection was determined using Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet.

RESULTSForeign gene could be delivered to various cell lines by IONP-PLL and expressed with high efficiency, but the transfection efficiency and time course varied in the different cell lines studied. Magnetic field could enhance the efficiency of transfection by 5 - 10 fold.

CONCLUSIONIONP-PLL can be used as a novel non-viral gene vector in vitro, which offers a basis for gene delivery in vivo.

Animals ; COS Cells ; Ferric Compounds ; administration & dosage ; Genetic Vectors ; Magnetics ; Polylysine ; administration & dosage ; Transfection ; methods

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEThe most effective therapy against renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is surgical treatment; however, there have been few large-scale studies that focused on the oncological outcome of this disease in China. The aim of the current study was to report the clinicopathological results and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rate in RCC patients after surgical treatment in our center.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data of 336 RCC patients who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy between 1999 and 2006. Of the 336 patients, 226 were male and 110 were female; the median age was 51 years. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the independent prognostic predictors for this cohort of RCC patients.

RESULTSDuring follow-up, the overall 5-year CSS rate was 81.4%. The 5-year CSS rates for patients with stage-I, -II, -III, and -IV RCC were 94.7%, 88.9%, 68.8%, and 19.3%, respectively. The patients with T1N0M0 (T1) and T2N0M0 (T2) tumors had similar survival curves. For patients with T1 category tumor, the survival rate did not differ significantly between the radical nephrectomy and nephron-sparing surgery groups. For the 21 patients with metastasis confined to the local lymph nodes, the 5-year survival rate was 31.6% after radical nephrectomy and lymph node dissection. For the 15 patients with vena caval tumor thrombus, the 5-year survival rate was 52.5% after radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombus extirpation. Multivariate Cox regression showed that stage was an independent predictor for CSS (hazard ratio, 3.359; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSFor localized RCC, the oncological outcome of this cohort is comparable to that reported in the Western literature. For some patients with locally advanced RCC, aggressive surgical treatment can lead to better long-term survival. However, the prognosis of the patients with metastasis still needs to be improved.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; Nephrectomy ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Tinnitus is a clinically refractory disease with a high incidence.LAI's Tongyuan acupuncture method believes that tinnitus is nothing more than the two ends of deficiency and excess.The deficiency is closely related to original spirit,and the excess is related to the pathological factors such as externally-contracted six pathogenic factors,phlegm-damp and blood stasis,and qi stagnation and yang constraint.The Tongyuan acupuncture method is based on original spirit,takes the two vessels of conception vessel(CV)and governor vessel(GV)as the general outline,takes the regulation of yin and yang as the main method,pays attention to the combination of local and overall,and emphasizes the application of tonification and purgation,and has the clinical effect of reinforcing healthy qi and dispelling pathogen,cultivating the vital essence.In clinical application,the method of'unblocking governor vessel and nourishing spirit'is used to play the role of heart and brain nourishing spirit and warming and supporting yang qi.The method of'conducting qi back to its source'has the effect of cultivating the vital essence and regulating qi movement.The treatments should be cooperated according to the syndromes,so that the pathogens can be expelled and healthy qi can be settled.Qi and blood have origins of generation and transformation and normally nourishing in the ear,so as to effectively alleviate the patient's tinnitus symptoms.This paper summarizes and analyzes Professor LAI Xin-Sheng's Experience in the diagnosis and treatment of tinnitus by Tongyuan acupuncture method,and provides a new acupuncture treatment plan for clinical application.

OBJECTIVETo explore the value of CT perfusion in early diagnosis and management of superacute local cerebral infarction in rhesus monkeys.

METHODAcute local cerebral infarction was induced in the rhesus monkeys during digital subtraction angiography (DSA) by introduction of pale thrombus prepared from autologous blood into the M1 branch of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Plain CT scan and CT perfusion scanning were performed at different time points before and after DSA operation, and the results were analyzed in conjunction with the pathologic changes.

RESULTSIschemic lesions were displayed on CT perfusion images, which showed local hypoperfusion, reduced cerebral blood flow and volume, and mean transit time delay in the compromised area. Local hypointense infarct area was identified in plain CT scan 24 h after the DSA operation, and the results were in good agreement with pathological examination during autopsy.

CONCLUSIONCT perfusion imaging of the brain can accurately capture the cerebral perfusion deficits in acute ischemic stroke before morphologic changes take place, and therefore provides good means for thrombolytic treatment evaluation of stroke.

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; Brain Ischemia ; diagnosis ; Cerebral Infarction ; diagnosis ; Contrast Media ; administration & dosage ; Early Diagnosis ; Macaca mulatta ; Perfusion ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Objective To investigate the effect of varying blood pressure stratification on renal function in the diabetic population.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted,enrolling 9 489 diabetic patients from a total of 101 510 Kailuan Group employees who underwent health examinations between July 2006 and October 2007.The follow-up period was(8.6±4.0)years.Participants were categorized into four groups based on their baseline blood pressure levels:normal blood pressure(systolic blood pressure<120 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure<80 mmHg),elevated blood pressure(systolic blood pressure 120-130 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure<80 mmHg),stage 1 hypertension(systolic blood pressure 130-140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure 80-90 mmHg),and stage 2 hypertension(systolic blood pressure≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure≥90 mmHg).The incidence density of chronic kidney disease(CKD)was compared among these groups.A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to assess the effects of different blood pressure levels on renal function in diabetic patients,with the stability of the results confirmed using a multivariate time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model.Sensitivity analysis was conducted after excluding cases of cardiovascular disease(CVD)during follow-up,and cases using antihypertensive and antidiabetic medications at baseline.Results(1)At baseline,stage 1 hypertension patients demonstrated statistically significant higher differences with age and body mass index(BMI)compared to normal blood pressure group(P<0.05).(2)By the end of the follow-up,2 294 cases of CKD were identified,including 1 117 cases of estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)decline and 1 575 cases of urinary protein.The incidences density of CKD,eGFR decline and urinary protein for stage 1 hypertension group were 39.4,16.3 and 25.5 per thousand person-years,respectively,all of which were statistically significant different from normal blood pressure group(log-rank test,P<0.01).(3)Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that,compared to the normal blood pressure group,stage 1 hypertension was associated with a 29%increased risk of CKD(HR=1.29,95%CI 1.09-1.52)and a 40%increased risk of eGFR decline(HR=1.40,95%CI 1.08-1.80)in diabetic individuals.Conclusion Stage 1 hypertension significantly increases the risk of CKD and eGFR decline in diabetic individuals,with a particularly notable effect on the risk of eGFR decline.

Drug-induced liver injury and herbal preparations containing pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) have gained global attention. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of Alismatis Rhizoma, a traditional Chinese medicine, to protect against acute liver injury in mice induced by senecionine (SEN), a representative toxic PA compound. All experiments were approved by the Animal Research Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Animal welfare and the animal experimental protocols were strictly consistent with related ethics regulations of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Acute liver injury was induced by a single intragastric administration of SEN (50 mg·kg^-1). Mice in the protection groups received intragastric administration of Alismatis Rhizoma water extract (WE, 18 g·kg^-1 per day) or ethanol extract (EE, 18 g·kg^-1 per day) 5 days before SEN treatment. The results show that Alismatis Rhizoma extracts can significantly attenuate acute liver injury in mice. Mice in the protection groups showed decreased serum activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, as well as decreased total bile acids. In addition, the infiltration of inflammatory cells, sinusoidal hemorrhage, and hepatic necrosis in SEN-treatment mice was clearly attenuated in the protection groups. Interestingly, EE showed a better effect than WE. The content of principal bile acids in serum and the mRNA and protein expression of key factors related to bile acid metabolism were also measured. Alismatis Rhizoma up-regulated the bile acid transporters and drug metabolism enzymes, consistent with the observed bile acid homeostasis and alleviation of SEN-induced injury to hepatocytes. The present study points to the possibility of utilizing Alismatis Rhizoma for protection against liver injury caused by drugs and preparations containing PA.