ObjectiveTo explore the clinical outcomes of posterior lumbar interbody fusion using BTwin expandable spinal spacer with microendoscopic discectomy (MED) for lumbar disc herniation accompanying degenerative instability.MethodsFrom March 2006 to May 2010,87 patients with lumbar disc heniation (only one level) accompanying degenerative instability were managed with posterior lumbar interbody fusion using B-Twin with MED,includeing 49 males and 38 females with an average of 47.6 years(range,37-65).Objective level located in L3,4 in 2 cases,L4,5 in 43,and L5S1 in 41.The patients were treated with single BTwin(Single group,n=51) and double B-Twin(Double group,n=36).Clinical outcomes were evaluated with surgical time,blood loss,visual analogue scale (VAS) scores,Oswestry disability questionnaire (ODI),and the pre- and post-operative disk space heights.ResultsThe patients were followed up for an average of 35.8months (range,12-46).All the patients felt the low back pain and radiation pain disappeared or relieved apparently.The mean preoperative ODI and VAS scores decreased from 78％±3％ to 18％±3％,and (8.70±11.3)to (0.65±10.48) at the final follow-up respectively.Disc space increased from a pre-operative height of (8.76±1.3) mm to a post-operative of (11.8±0.6) mm.ODI,VAS and the disk space heights in all patient showed statistical significance,which revealed no statistical significance between the two groups.However,the operation time,blood loss were statistical difference between the two groups.All the patients achieved solid union or probable union at a mean time of 5.6 months (range,3.9-8.6).ConclusionPosterior lumbar interbody fusion using B-Twin with MED can obtain satisfactory outcomes in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation accompanying degenerative instability.Single B-Twin can get similar clinical outcomes,but shorter surgical time,less blood loss,and less medical costs.

BACKGROUND: Most of the patients suffered from degenerative lumbar instability are treated by exposure both sides and bilateral pedicle screw fixation,which bring highly operative risk,large blood loss and great medical expenditure to patients.OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficacy of single cage plus unilateral pedicle screw placement for treating lumbar degenerative instability.METHODS: Totally 51 cases with lumbar degenerative instability underwent single cage plus unilateral pedicle screw placement were selected,including 32 males and 19 females,aged ranging from 41 to 72 years.47 cases had single segment involved and 4cases had two segments involved.All cases experienced unilateral laminectomy and transforamenal lumbar interbody fusion.The therapeutic effect was assessed by Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score system.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The blood loss was 90-430 mL.The surgical time was 100 minutes(85-120 minutes)for single segment and 150 minutes(120-170 minutes)for double segments.The patients were allowed to early ambulation at 2-3 days after operation.Two cases did not get improvement on back-leg pain,but there was no abnormality from CT and MRI recheck,one case felt pain relieved after anti-symptom treatment for 3 months while the other did not relieve.The average JOA scores at pre-operation and 1 year follow-up was 11(7-13 scores)and 25(18-27 scores),respectively.The total improvement rate of JOA was larger than 50%.44 cases were evaluated as fusion and 7 cases as possible fusion.The average fusion time was 5.4 months(4.3-7.1 months).Postoperative X-ray showed no evidence of pedicle screw loosening,broken,or cage displacement.Single cage plus unilateral pedicle screw placement is characterized by simple operation,small blood loss,short operation and few interference to spine,which is a better method for treating lumbar degenerative instability.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value and clinical significance of 1.5T MR multiple sequence for atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD).Methods To collect the data of MRI and transthoracic echocardiography(TTE)of 46 patients with ASD/VSD,Among them,12 patients had surgical treatment,27 patientsDSA treatment and 7 patients no surgery or DSA treatment. The biggest defect diameter was recorded which measured by TSE,GRE,PC-MR and TTE,and the main deformity,valvular regurgitation, atrioventricular enlargement,cardiac function,maximum aperture of ASD/VSD were recorded which were confirmed by surgery.Al-so,myocardial delayed reinforcement was recorded.Results Multiple sequence check of MRI found different number of defects in 39 patients(7 patients without surgery or treatment removed );the largest defect aperture of ASD/VSD measured by TSE、GRE、PC-MR had no statistically significant(P >0.05)with TTE measurements,they had good correlation with TTE (r=0.86,0.94,0.99) (P >0.05),and PC-MR had the highest consistency with TTE.The measured results of GRE,TTE,surgical in 14 ventricular sep-tal defects of 12 cases had no statistically significant(P >0.05).the largest defect aperture between myocardial delayed reinforce-ment and not delayed reinforcement had statistically significant in 41 cases of ASD(P <0.05).MRI had more advantage in the right heart enlargement and right heart function than TTE,the differences between the two had statistically significant(P <0.05).And MRI could find intracardiac deformity and outside the heart malformation in ASD/VSD,especially outside the heart malformation. Conclusion 1.5T MR multiple sequence inspection have high diagnostic value for ASD/VSD,which can display ASD/VSD clearly, measure the defect aperture accurately,find merged deformity accurately,and can also show myocardial delayed reinforcement and judge heart function.

To evaluate the efficacy of a variety of lacrimal duct obstruction diseases treated by Nd: YAG laser lacrimal duct forming surgery using Meta analysis.
●METHODS: Relevant database in 1995 - 2012 and other network resources were retrieved by computer and manual, using MetaAnalyst software on the Meta analysis. Analysis of indicators: disease prevalence between men and women, the prevalence of various lacrimal duct diseases and the effective rate of Nd: YAG laser lacrimal duct forming surgery to treat a variety of lacrimal duct obstruction diseases.
●RESULTS: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 38 subjects were selected, the cumulative number of patients included 4638 cases, the men combined prevalence was 23%; the women combined prevalence was 77%; lacrimal punctum occlusion combined prevalence was 6. 0%, combined treatment efficiency was 88. 1%; lacrimal canaliculus obstruction combined prevalence of 17. 9%, combined efficiency was 85. 6%;lacrimal common canaliculus obstruction combined prevalence was 14. 0%, 92. 7% of the combined effective rate; nasolacrimal duct obstruction combined prevalence of was 43. 6%, 93. 3% of the combined effective rate;chronic dacryocystitis combined prevalence was 18. 4%, 76. 6% of the combined efficiency. All study has heterogeneity. Selection of random effects model combined effect size. Model was statistically significant (P<0. 001).
●CONCLUSlON: The prevalence of lacrimal duct obstruction diseases of women are higher than men, lacrimal canaliculus obstruction in the lacrimal duct obstruction is in the lowest prevalence, nasolacrimal duct obstruction is the main type of lacrimal duct obstruction disease, Nd: YAG laser lacrimal forming surgery has slightly efficacy different in various lacrimal duct obstruction diseases.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of intra-operative implantation of I125 seeds to treat advanced pancreatic cancer.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 28 patients who underwent intra-operative implantation of I125 between January 2009 and June 2010 to treat advanced pancreatic cancer.Patients who received conservative treatment (n =136) at the same period were used as the control group.Results The mean tumor diameter was (5.7 ± 1.7) cm.The average number of implanted seeds were 50.There were no patients who suffered from pancreatic fistula or post-operative bleeding,and no patient died from the treatment.Twenty-five patients were regularly followed up,and the follow-up rate was 85.7％.The survival rates at one month,half a year and one year were 100％,70.8％ and 26.9％,respectively.The average survival time was (9.9 ± 1.4) months.The survival data were significantly higher than that in the control group.Conclusion Intra-operative implantation of I125 seeds was an efficacious treatment for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus (TAC) combined with methotrexate (MTX) for the treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA),and to compare it with cyclophosphamide (CTX) added to MTX for the treatment of refractory RA.Methods Thirty-six cases of refractory RA patients were divided into the observation group and the control group.TAC+MTX were used in the observation group,and CTX+MTX were used in the control group.We used repeated measures to analyze the variance and Fisher exact probability method to analyze the efficacy at 8 weeks and 24 weeks.Results The effective rate of the observation group in 8 weeks,24 weeks were 77.8％(14 cases) and 100％(18 cases) respectively,while those of the control group were 11.1％ (2 cases) and 44.4％(8 cases),it showed that both TAC+MTX and CTX+MTX in the treatment of refractory RA were effective,but the efficacy of TAC+MTX was better than CTX+MTX,the difference of C reactive protein (CRP) and disease activity score (DAS)28 was statistically significant (P＜0.05),and it could significantly improve the clinical symptoms and laboratory indexes.Conclusion TAC+MTX is effective and safe in treating refractory RA,and is worth of spreading.

Abdominal Injuries ; complications ; Adenosarcoma ; etiology ; Adult ; Cicatrix ; complications ; Endometriosis ; complications ; Female ; Humans

With the advance of drug development and research techniques, the drug metabolic processes and mechanism can be more deeply achieved. As the drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics process are mediated by drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters, study of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters has become an important part for drug development. The traditional immunoassays with low sensitivity and poor specificity can not reflect the accurate expression level of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. We now give a brief review on the quantitative study of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters by mass spectrometry-based proteomic approach.
Enzymes ; chemistry ; Humans ; Inactivation, Metabolic ; Mass Spectrometry ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; chemistry ; Pharmacokinetics ; Proteomics

Objective The population -based study was conducted in Hebei Renqiu 60 -70 years old resi-dents to evaluate cardiovascular disease morbidity risk in next 10 years,to analyze the related risk factors and provide an objective basis for the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases in the local areas.Methods Cluster sam-pling method was used to select elderly residents (aged from 60 to 70 years)in Renqiu city as the research subjects. A total of 5 010 cases,2 163 males,2 847 females were included in this study.Investigation contents included health questionnaire,anthropometric and laboratory detection.According to the Framingham Risk Score (FRS),10 -year risk probability of cardiovascular disease was calculated.Research subjects were divided into low risk group (<10%),medium risk group (≥10% and <20%),high -risk group (≥20%),and logistic regression was used to analyze the risk degree of the related risk factors.Results The 10 -year cardiovascular risk median value of 60 -70 years elderly residents was 8.0 (4.0 -16.0),among them male was 16.0 (12.0 -20.0),female was 4.0 (2.0 -6.0).Low risk group had 2 784 cases,accounted for 55.7%;medium risk group had 1 452 cases,accounted for 29.0%,high-risk group had 774 cases,accounted for 15.3%.The most important risk factors were smoking and cholesterol increasing,who contributes elderly residents aged 60 to 70 years in Renqiu cardiovascular 10 -year risk.The history of stroke,excessive drinking,waist circumference,diastolic blood pressure,elevated uric acid level and HOMA -IR were the independent risk factors in moderately high risk 10 -year probability of cardiovascular.Conclusion The elderly residents aged 60 to 70 years in Renqiu has higher cardiovascular risk of 10 years.Quitting smoking,limitting alcohol,controlling of blood pressure,blood lipids,uric acid,waist circumference and HOMA -IR are important to improve cardiovascular 10 -year risk.Among them,quit smoking and alcohol limit are the most effective measures.

BACKGROUND: Enophthalmos deformity is the most common complication caused by orbital blow-out fractures, and others are diplopia and worsening of visual acuity. Since the therapeutic result of orbital blow-out is not satisfactory and many complications exist after operation, it is still a dispute to select implantation materials and therapeutic regimens.OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect and assess the improvement of visual function by surgical reconstruction with porous high-density polyethylene (Medpor) for the correction of enophthalmos deformity caused by orbital blow-out fractures.DESIGN: A pre-and postoperative controlled study.SETTING: Beauty Center for Trauma Repair,Plastic Surgery Hospital,Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science .PARTICIPANTS: Totally 56 patients with orbital blow-out fractures who had enophthalmos deformity caused by fists or traffic accidents, treated at Beauty Center for Trauma Repair,Plastic Surgery Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, were selected in this study from December 1996 to March 2004. Final diagnosis were made with case history, X-ray film, two-demensional and three-dimensional CT before operation. 24 cases were accompanied with other areas fractures such as zygoma and nasal bone, 34 cases with diplopia, 35 cases with visual acuity worsening after injured.METHODS: ①Material implantation: Exposure of the orbital floor, inferior and medial walls could be performed through a 2 mm inferior subciliary incision of 3 cm long. To approach the orbital rim via a dissection plane anterior to the orbital septum, sub-periosteal dissection was then performed over the orbital rim, and along the orbital floor to the orbital apex. Mobilized the soft tissue from the bone throughout the entire area of fractures and re-position it to its proper position. Took Medpor (Type 6331) sheets as the implantation materials, trimmed Medpor sheets according to the radian and anatomic form, and 2 mm larger than the defect rim was needed.If other operations were needed during the operation, they could be done.Mannitol and dexamethasone should be used just postoperatively to decrease edema of the orbital contents and reduce inner orbital excessive pressure. ②Functional evaluation standard: Diplopia: completely disappear meant recovered, less diplopia residual meant improvement, no improvement meant inefficacy. Enophthalmos: marked improvement meant the degree of enophthalmos stabilizated at below 2 mm, less improvement meant stabilizated at above 2 mm.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Improvement of enophthalmos; ②Improvement of diplopia ; ③Improvement of visual acuity.RESULTS: ①All 56 cases of enophthalmos deformities caused by orbital blow-out fractures improved greatly. ② Of all the 34 patients with diplopia, 27 recovered. ③ 9 patients' visual acuity of 35 improved with different degrees. No diplopia or visual acuity worsening occurred. With a follow-up ranging from 2 months to 5 years, the degree of enophthalmos stabilizated at below 2 mm, and no relapse and other complications occurred.CONCLUTION: Medpor has such advantages as better histocompatibility,fewer complications and better visual function improvement, so it is the preferred implantation material for correcting enophthalmos deformity caused by orbital blow-out fractures.