Objective To assess the quality of literature on randomized or semirandomized clinical controlled trials of fire needling treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.Method Acomputer search assisted by a manual search was conducted of CBM (1979—2015), CNKI (1979—2015), VIP (1989—2015),Wanfang digital periodical group(1998—2015), PubMed (1966—2015), EMbase (1980—2015) and Cochrane Library (Issue4, 2015).Randomizedor semir and omized clinical controlled trials were included.Two reviewers extracted data independently and checked them each other.The methodological quality of research design, diagnostic and inclusion/exclusion criteria, intervening measures for fire needling/control group,efficacy evaluation criteriaand observation time points, and adverse reaction reporting were assessed according toCochrane Reviewers' Handbook 4.2.8.Ameta-analysis was made of homogeneity studies.The GRADE approach ratedsystem outcomes.ResultA total of sevenr and omized controlled trialswere included.Four included studies made a comparison between fire needling andmedication (analgesic+ antirheumatic) groups andthere was no statistically significant difference in the efficacy rate [RR=1.22, 95%CI(0.97, 1.52)].GRADE ratingwas very low.Internationally accepted diagnostic criteria and general evaluation methodswere still not used universally.Conclusion The current clinical reports show that fire needling treatment has some effect on rheumatoid arthritis, but it still needs related evidence support.

Great progress has been made in tissue engineering cornea construction (i.c.constructing human corneal equivalence by using tissue engineering technique) during the past 20 years.However,a kind of tissue engineering cornea which can be applied to corneal transplantation as human cornea equivalent is yet to be availablc.Scaffold is an indispensable part of tissue engineering cornea.Searching for some kinds of scaffolds with good biocompability,some extent of biodegradation and euough biomechanics property are the issue needing to be resolved immediately in the tissue engineering cornea filed.This article reviewed the development of tissue engineering cornea scaffolds,represented the merits and defects of different scaffolds in order to optimize the project of choosing scaffolds and furthermore lay the foundation for constructing a kind of tissue engineering cornea which may be applied to corneal transplantation as human cornea equivalent in the future.

Spinal cord injury is a common clinical disease .Cell apoptosis is one of important pathogeneses for spinal cord in-jury, and apoptotic gene plays a very important role in apoptosis on spinal cord injury .Chinese medicine for blood-activating and stasis-dissolving has a good therapeutic effect for spinal cord injury by reducing inflammation , inhibiting apoptosis and improving microcircu-lation.In this paper, we review the research of chinese medicine for activating blood and resolving stasis during the regulation of apoto -sis gene in spinal cord injury based on related documents in the recent five years .

Objective To evaluate the influence of ProTaper rotary nickel-titanium files root preparation on root canal filling . Methods 30 cases of molars pulpitis and 20 cases of premolars pulpitis or periapical periodontitis were equally divided into two groups .The group A(30 cases) used the ProTaper rotary nickel-titanium files in root canal preparation and the group B (30 cases) adopted the common K files modified step-back technique for root canal preparation .The influence of the root preparation by 2 sets of apparatus on the effect of root canal filling ,and the several aspects of the root canal filling time ,the matching degree of main root canal file and master gutta-percha ,proper filling rate ,postoperative reaction of root canal filling were compared for conducting the e-valuation .Results In the mean root canal filling time of the group A ,average premolar time was 4 min 25 s and molar was 1 min 30 s ,however in the group B ,average premolar was 5 min 30 s and molar was 11 min 41 s ,the time in the group A was greatly short-ened with statistical difference(P<0 .05);the matching degree of main root canal file and master gutta-percha in the group A was 86 .37% for premolar and 88 .89% for molar ,however in the B group ,which was 62 .50% for premolar and 26 .67% for molar ,the matching degree in the group A was greatly improved with statistical difference between them (P<0 .05);the proper filling rate of upper premolar from the X-ray film was 72 .73% in the group A and 70 .83% in the group B ,while which of molar was 80 .0% in the group A and 77 .78% in the group B ,here was no statistical difference between them (P>0 .05);the postoperative pain reaction of root canal filling in both groups were very low and weak without statistical difference .Conclusion The ProTaper rotary nickel-titanium files root preparation can accelerate the root canal filling speed ,improve the matching degree of main root canal files and master gutta-percha and simplify the root-filling therapy procedure .

Methods of payment have always been a key part of health reform in various countries of the world. The paper gives a general account of the evolution of methods of payment for hospital care throughout the universe and the evolution and prospects of CP DRG. It expounds the necessity and viability of adopting CP DRG in China and suggests that we take the initiative in using the experience of other countries for reference, learn from other countries practice, speed up reform in methods of payment for hospital care, publish relevant policies, and reinforce theoretical and applied research on CP DRG.

Objective To investigate the cytotoxicity of ADM-PBCA-NP on L-02 cells.Methods L-02 cells were cultured in vitro and the LDH activity of supernatant liquid of culture cells was examined.The toxicity of ADM-PBCA-NP,ADM and PBCA-NP to L-02 cells by the MTT assay was also determined,and the haemolysis function of PBCA-NP with different concentrations was detected.Results The cytotoxicity of ADM-PBCA-NP,ADM and blank PBCA nanoparticles to L-02 cells under the 10-6 mol/L concentration range was not cytototic(grade 1).LDH activity of supernatant liquid of culture cells showed no differences between the 3 groups.Conclusions Nanoparticles of ADM-NP and PBCA-NP in the 10-6 mol/L concentration range have no significant toxic effect on L-02 hepatic cells;and in a certain concentration range,the cell compatibility is excellent and will not lead to hemolysis.

BACKGROUND: To review progressions in the pharmacological study of natural plant Ficus carica L. (fig), summarize its main pharmacological effects so as to manifest values in clinical practice.DATA SOURCES: .By computer retrieval system, the relevant papers on the researches on Ficus carica were retrieved on Medline from January 1950 to September 2004 and limited at the referred word "Ficus carica" in English. Simultaneously, the relevant papers were searched by the computer on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database from January 1999 to September 2004, focusing on the referred word "Fieus carica" in Chinese.STUDY SELECTION: Of all the relevant papers, ones focusing on the pharmacological study of Ficus carica were selected and the whole text were checked, meanwhile those had no relation with the pharmacological latex as well as various constituents and preparations. Exclusion criterion:repeated studies.DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 226 papers were checked on the study of Ficus carica, 30 papers were consistent with the standards. Among the 196 excluded papers, 189 were excluded because they were clinical experience report or repeated studies, 7 were reviews.DATA SYNTHESIS: Investigations of the fig, its leaves and latex as well as various constituents and preparations, have revealed many pharmacological effects such as: anti-tumor effects, the ability to mediate body metabolism, mediating hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and cholesterol levels, enhancing oxidation resistance, antibiotic effects, antivirus effects, the ability to mediate immunity, activating blood coagulation etc. It also may play an important role in supportive therapy in tumor treatment by reducing toxicity and side effects in actinotheraphy and chemotherapy. Several reports of anaphylaxis after fig intake have reported both in China and abroad.CONCLUSION: As an herb, fig has wide pharmacological effects and clinical practise values. The main pharmacological studies of it were focused on its anti-tumor effects and the ability to mediate body metabolism.Separation and purification of its active components and determining the interactions between them as well as the pharmacological and toxicological effects need further study. New pharmacological effect s will be found by studying various fig extracts.

Interleukin-24 (IL-24) is a novel cancer suppressor cytokine. It can suppress cancer cell growth, induce cancer cell apoptosis, inhibit angiogenesis, stimulate the PBMC secretion of cytokines, and enhance the antitumor activity of radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeting gene-virotherapy. It is reasonable to suggest that IL-24 may be a powerful and effective protocol for combinatorial cancer treatment in the clinic.

BACKGROUND:Evaluation of the newly formed bone at the distraction site by the imaging technologies is the cornerstone for terminating the limb lengthening successfuly.In the early stages of the distraction, the X-ray cannot detect any evidence of new bone formation within the distraction sites, whereas ultrasound can acquire wealth information about new bone and surrounding soft tissues. OBJECTIVE: To explore the application value of Doppler ultrasound in the evaluation of limb lengthening in order to promote its clinical application. METHODS: A computer-based search was performed on the CNKI database and PubMed database for articles related to ultrasound in the evaluation of limb lengthening published from January 1989to October 2014. The keywords of distraction osteogenesis, ultrasonography, external fixation, fracture healing in English and Chinese were used to search the articles by title and abstract. Finaly, a total of 24 articles were included to review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Ultrasound is an effective method to evaluate the limb lengthening in early stage. It can not only detect the formation and maturation of the new calus, but also can evaluate the forming speed and the quality of the new cals. Moreover, ultrasound can be used to evaluate the situation of the soft tissue near the distraction site. Complications associated with the limb lengthening can be observed timely by the ultrasound. Ultrasound is of great significance in the evaluation of distraction osteogenesis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of weight self-management in reproductive-aged obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods A total of 56 reproductive-aged obese women with PCOS were divided into two groups with the control group administered medicine to reduce the lipid,blood glucose and metformin and the experiment group managed with weight self-management in addition of the medicine treatment as in the control group.All of them were treated for six months.The number of women with oligomenorrhea,body mass index(BMI),waist-hip ratio(WHR),serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),fasting blood glucose(FBG), fasting insulin(FINS),homeostasis model assessment(HOMA)were measured before and after intervention for comparisons.Result The number of women with oligomenorrhea together with the levels of TC,TG,FBG,FINS and HOMA were significantly reduced in the two groups(allP<0.05),and the number of women with oligomenorrhea and the levels of BMI,TC and HOMA were decreased more than those in the control group(allP<0.05).Conclusion The weight self-management on the basis of drug therapy for reproductive-aged obese women with PCOS can significantly reduce the levels of BMI,WHR,TC,TG,FBG,FINS and HOMA,enhance the effect of drug therapy, reduce the incidence of oligomenorrhea and improve the metabolic disorders.