Objective: To explore cognitive dysfunction in patients wi th schizophrenia Methods: 21 first onset patients with schizophr e niform disorder and 26 patients with chronic schizophrenia were studied with Wis consin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Semantic Fluency Test, Association Learning, Co mprehension, Similarity and Digit Span Test 22 normal controls also received t h ese tests Results: Both patients' groups did worse on above te st s than normal control The first onset patients were impaired cognitively as th e chronic schizophrenics in all tests except for Association Learning No correl a tion was found between result of WCST and other neuropsychological tests Conclusion: Schizophrenic patients are cognitively impaired early in t he course of psychosis

Objective To study the expression levels of interlukin-18(IL-18) in the CA1 region of the hippocampus and habenular of the rats with chronic stress. Methods Male Wistar rats (n = 30) weighting about 185～255g were divided into test group (T, n = 15) and control group (C, n = 15) randomly. The rats in group T were exposed to various types of stresses every day for consecutive 21 days. The rats in group C did not receive any stress during 21 days. Weighting and open-field tests were carried out on each rat before the test and on the 22nd day. On the 22nd day, brains were removed and cut coronally. Immunohistochemistry method was used to measure the expression levels of IL-18. Results After 21 -day stress, the body weight, erection time, rearing times, horizontal crossing numbers,modifying times and defecation in group T((297.33 ±25.83)g,(5.14 ±2.02)s,(19.00 ± 9.01), (9.47 ±3.64),(3. 93 ± 1. 87)and(4. 93 ± 1. 94)) were significantly different from those of group C((322.00 ±30.34)g,(1.97 ±0.93)s,(39.80 ±18.58),(14.80 ±5.88),(7.27 ±2.87)and(1.93 ±1.16)) (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The average optical density values of IL-18 positive cells in CA1 region and habenular in group T ((0.3923 ±0.0084 and 0.4577 ±0.0234)) were higher than that in group C ((0. 3165 ±0.0063 and 0. 3400 ±0.0097)) (P<0.01). Conclusion The expression levels of IL-18 of the hippocampus glial cells and of the habenular neurons in the rats is increase after the chronic stress.

Objective: To study the relationship between the damage of the central neuron and the brain structure and function of the rats with chronic stress.Methods: Male Wistar rats(n=30) weighting about 185-255g were divided into the test group(T,n=15) and the contral group(C,n=15) randomly.The rats in group T were exposed to various types of stresses every day for consecutive 21 days.The rats in group C did not receive any stress during 21 days.Every rat was weighed,open-field tested and measured for the brain by MR before the test and on the 22nd day.Also,on the 22nd day,the brains were removed and cut coronally.The apoptosis was detected by techniques of terminal deoxynucleotibyl transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labling(TUNEL).Results: Weight and the result of Open-field test: compared with group C,group T showed less weight,increased stopping time in the center,decreasing rearing and grooming and increased defecation after 21-day stress(P

Objective: To observe the changes of hippocampus in the rats of depression model and study the protective effects of EGb (extracts of gingkobiloba) and Venlafaxine on brain injury. Methods: Rats were divided into 6 groups. Groups A served as normal control. Group B?C?D?E?F received 21 days chronic stress. Group C?D?E?F were fed with normal food, EGb, Venlafaxine and EGb+Venlafaxine respectively for 28 days after enduring 21 days chronic stress. Every rat had been observed open-field behavior before decapitated.One side of the hippocampus were measured the expression of nNOS by immunohistochemistry method, the other side hippocampus and the serum were measured the concentrations of NO.Results:The expression of protein nNOS in hippocampus of group B was increased compared with group A (P

To adapt to the demand for highly talented medical personnel in the new century, China Medical University has proposed a teaching reformation policy that aims to reinforce the combination of training goals with all subjects; to carry out bilateral infiltration and three optimizations; to emphasize the development of knowledge, ability and quality; to enliven teaching methods; and to make adaptations in all areas. In preparation, we have studied the reform experiences and current practices of more than 200 medical colleges and universities around the world in light of current conditions in China and China Medical University. We have also renewed our recognition of the training goals of specialties as a firm basis for the quality education of skilled doctors. The University has reformed its curriculum system and teaching plans for clinical medical specialties in many ways and has adjusted its teaching contents to form a new model for training talented medical personnel for the next century.