Abstract： Objective　To analyze the changes of cytokine levels in patients with sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis before and after anti-tuberculosis treatment. Methods　The clinical data of 213 pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from August 2019 to October 2020 were collected, and divided into a sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis group and a drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis group, of which 141 were in the sensitive group and 72 in the drug-resistant group , and the pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-17, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and IL-4 in plasma before treatment, 3 months and 6 months after treatment were compared. Results　Compared with the healthy group, the levels of plasma IL-6 in the sensitive group and the resistant group were significantly increased, difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The plasma levels of IFN-γ and IL-17 in the sensitive group were increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the levels of IL-6 and IL-4 in the plasma of the sensitive group after 6 months of treatment were lower than those after 3 months of treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and IFN-γ was significantly decreased (P<0.001). After 6 months of treatment, the IL-10 content was lower than that before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the IFN-γ decreased significantly (P<0.000 1). The levels of IFN-γ at 3 months were higher than those in the resistant group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). After 6 months of treatment, there was no significant difference in the content of IFN-γ between the sensitive group and the resistant group. The effective rate of CT absorption was 70% in the sensitive group and only 43.33% in the resistant group at 3 months of treatment, and there was no significant difference in the effective rate between the two groups after 6 months of treatment. Conclusions　Detection of pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines in plasma can provide reference for host-directed therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis. Understanding this important feature of cytokines on pathogen-host interactions can provide new insights into the study of virulence mechanisms and may provide new approaches for immune intervention in pulmonary tuberculosis.

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Streptococcal Infections ; epidemiology ; Streptococcus suis ; isolation & purification

Objective To study the immune tolerance effect after renal transplantation,an animal model of tolerant dentritic cell adaptive transfer renal transplantation was constructed.Methods Tolerant Dentritic cells from SD rats were separated and purification in vitro,after a series of procedures,the Dentritic cells were administrated in the portal vein of Wistar rats,then conduct the operation of renal transplantation for Wistar rats.Renal tissue pathology and splenic lymphocyte reaction were test in 3、5、7、9、11、和13d after renal transplantation.Results After the renal transplantation,time of acute rejection happened in control group and experimental group is 4.69?1.26d and 10.69?1.63d,respectively.The mean survive time between two group has significant difference.Conclusion Renal transplantation immune tolerance could be induced by the tolerant dentritic cell of donor,by the mean of administrating the cell into host portal vein.The immune tolerance has specificity.

BACKGROUNDTo study the significance of pneumonectomy via intrapericardial vascular management in the surgical treatment of lung cancer.

METHODSA total of 56 patients with central-type lung cancer underwent pneumonectomy via intrapericardial vascular management.

RESULTSThe incidence of postoperative complications was 8.93%(5/56). One patient died and the mortality rate was 1.97%. The postoperative follow up rate was 96.4%. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 72.7%(40/55), 31.4%(11/35) and 17.4% (4/23) respectively.

CONCLUSIONSPneumonectomy via intrapericardial vascular management is safe and can improve the resection rate. It might provide a basis for the further treatment of lung cancer and should be widely applied.

Objective: To determine the serotypes and drug resistance profiles of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in animal stools from the Weishan area in Shandong Province, China. To provide the basis for further study. Methods: Five hundred animal stool samples (from pigs, cattle, sheep, dogs and birds) were collected from the Weishan area and STEC strains were isolated from these samples. Strains were serotyped by a serum agglutination test, and their drug resistance profiles were determined through antimicrobial sensitivity experiments. In this study, PCR was used to detect tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB, tetC, tetD) and beta-lactam resistance genes (blaSHV-1, blaCTX-M, blaTEM). Results: Sixteen strains of STEC were isolated from animal stool samples. Thirteen strains were isolated from pig stool samples, two from bovine stool samples and one from a sheep stool sample. Two of the strains were identified as E. coli O157:H7, and other 14 strains were non-O157 STEC of different serotypes. Antimicrobial sensitivity experiments showed that 15 of the strains were multidrug resistant. The rates of resistance were as follows: nalidixic acid (12/16 strains), sulfisoxazole (11/16), trimethoprim and sulphame-thoxazole (11/16), doxycycline (9/16), azithromycin (9/16), tetracycline (9/16), chloramphenicol (8/16) and streptomycin (8/16). Therefore, nalidixic acid showed the highest rate of resistance among the strains, followed by trimethoprim and sulphame-thoxazole, and sulfisoxazole. Resistance to cefepime or imipenem was not detected. In total, three types of drug resistance genes (tetA, tetB and tetC) were detected among the 16 strains. Conclusion The results showed that STEC strains isolated from animals in the Weishan area were of a range of serotypes. The 16 strains of STEC isolated from animal stools in this area were resistant to a number of antibiotics, with many strains displaying multidrug resistance.

Objective To explore the effect of chondroitin sulfate enzyme ABC (chABC) on glial scar in rat models of brain traumatic injury (TBI). Methods Thirty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, including normal control group (n=2), model group (rat models of TBI,n=9), 1.0 U/mL chABC treatment group (n=9), 2.5 U/ml chABC treatment group (n=9) and 5.0 U/ml chABC treatment group (n=9). After performing TBI by free falling in the later 4 groups, rats of the model group were given no treatment, while those of the other 3 groups were administrated with different concentrations of chABC by local injection respectively. One, 2 and 4 w after TBI, HE staining was performed on the brain tissues of these rat models;and immunohistochemical assay and Western blotting were employed to evaluate the secreting of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) and the therapeutic effect of chABC on glial scar. Data were statistically analyzed using t-test. Results Pathological test revealed the scars in the treatment groups were significantly fewer than those in the model group 2 w after TBI, with 5.0 U/mL chABC treatment group enjoying the fewest level (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical assay showed that the secreting of CSPGs in the treatment groups and model group was significantly increased than that in normal control group 2 w after TBI (P<0.05);the 5.0 U/ml chABC treatment group showed an obvious reduction of CSPGs secreting as compared with the model group (P<0.05). Western blotting indicated that the treatment groups showed an obvious reduction of CSPGs secreting as compared with the model group 1, 2 and 4 w after TBI (P<0.05);an obvious gradual reduction of CSPGs secreting in the model group, 2.5 and 5.0 U/ml chABC treatment groups was noted 1, 2 and 4 w after TBI (P<0.05). Conclusion ChABC could degrade the glial scar by degrading the CSPGs molecules and improve the microenvironment of local axonal regeneration after TBI;In this experiment, the highest concentration of chABC (5U/ml) shows the best effect on removing the glial scar.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of CVVH on the plasma levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).

METHODSTwenty-two patients with MODS were treated with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH), venous and arterial blood samples were taken at 0, 1, 4, 8 hour following CVVH and ultrafiltration fluid samples were taken at 8 hour following CVVH. Arterial blood samples were used for blood gas analysis, venous blood samples and ultrafiltration fluid were used to measure the levels of cytokines by ELISA.

RESULTSThe plasma levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1 were significantly decreased following CVVH (P < 0.05). The IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 were detected in the ultrafiltration fluid and TNF-alpha was not. Heart rate decreased and mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased significantly 4 hrs after CVVH (P < 0.05). PaO(2)/FiO(2) increased significantly (P < 0.05). The APACHE II scores reduced after CVVH (P < 0.05). The reduction of APACHE II score and the elimination of cytokines were positively correlated with ultrafiltration flow rates

CONCLUSIONSCVVH can remove some cytokines in plasma, reduce APACHEII score and improve hemodynamics and oxygenation in MODS. Moreover, higher volume hemofiltration has better effect on the elimination of cytokines and can further improve the prognosis of MODS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Cytokines ; blood ; Female ; Hemofiltration ; methods ; Humans ; Interleukin-1 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Interleukin-8 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Organ Failure ; blood ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective To study the molecular-biologic characteristics and epidemiological status of iatrogenic related Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (S.) aureus (CA-MRSA) in China through Meta-analysis.Methods Data through systematic searching for peer-reviewed articles published before December 3rd,2015 from 4 main electronic databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Wanfang Data,PubMed and Web of Science Core Collection was collected,for this Meta-analysis.PRISMA guidelines were followed and the proportion of MRSA,CA-MRSA,hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA) and panton-valentine leucocidin (PVL) gene in certain populations were quantitatively analyzed by Stata 13.0 software.Results Average proportion of CA-MRSA from S.aureus was 12％ (95％CI:8％-16％).CA-MRSA in MRSA was 18％ (95％CI:12％-24％).42.1％ (95％CI:20.4％-63.7％) of the CA-MRSA carried a PVL gene,and the number was higher than general MRSA (t =-2.99,P=0.011).Conclusion CA-MRSA was in lower proportion than HA-MRSA,both seen in general MRSA and in S.aureu.s,but under higher proportion of carrying the PVL gene.Transmission of CA-MRSA could be prevented within the general population through conducting effective surveillances and preventive programs.

Objective To observe the preventive value of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor(rhG-CSF)in cancer patients after chemotherapy.Methods In the open study,enrolled 52 patients with previously untreated cancer and with normal bone marrow function were randomly divided into 2 matched groups,A and B group.Each patient received one cycle of chemotherapy.In the study cycle,the pa- tients received a single subcutaneous injection of rhG-CSF 150 ?g before 24 hours of chemotherapy and in control cycle the patients only received chemotherapy.Efficacy and safety parameters were monitored.Results The incidence rates of leukopenia in the 26 valuable study cycles and 26 valuable control cycles were 19.23 % and 53.85 %,There were significant lower than those of group B(P

Objective: To study the expression pattern of apolipoprotein J (Apo J) in rat's model of vascular restenosis after cartid balloon dilation. Methods: A total of 40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: Experimental group, the rat's model of carotid artery injury was established by 2 F Fogarty balloon catheter scratching in right carotid artery and Control group, the rats received sham operation without catheter scratching. n=20 in each group. Right carotid artery tissue was taken at 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after the operation respectively and 5 rats were used for each time point. The morphological changes were measured by HE staining, protein and gene expressions of Apo J were examined by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. Results: Compared with Control group, at each time point Experimental group had obvious intimal hyperplasia and up-regulated protein and gene expressions of Apo J, P<0.05. In Experimental group, with prolonged time of injury, consistent endometrial hyperplasia was observed and it reached the maximum at 4 weeks after operation; the peak protein and gene expressions of Apo J was found at 3 weeks after operation, then decreased at certain point at 4 weeks after operation, P<0.05. Conclusion: Apo J might be closely related to intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury, high expression of vascular Apo J was mainly derived from vascular smooth muscle cell synthesis, it could be a kind of compensation with protective role and might be used as a new biological target for treating vascular retenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention.