Abstract: Objective　In order to understand and master the prevalence of different genotypes and the rate of different drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes in Hainan Province, 136 drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains collected in Hainan province in 2022 were genotyped, and to provide scientific basis for tuberculosis prevention and control strategy in Hainan Province. Methods　A total of 136 drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were collected in Hainan Province. The clinical isolates were genotyped using the Spoligotyping technique, and the drug resistance rates of different genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were statistically analyzed. Results　Among the 136 strains of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 54.41% (74/136) belonged to the Beijing types, 27.94% (38/136) to non-Beijing types and newly identified genotypes accounted for 17.65% (24/136). The Beijing type included two genotypes, SIT1 and SIT269 genotypes, accounting for 52.94% (72/136) and 1.47% (2/136) respectively. Among the non-Beijing genotypes, the T type (T1, T2, T3) accounted for 21.32% (29/136), the U type accounted for 6.62% (9/136). Clustering analysis of genotyping results revealed two major clusters, Beijing type and non-Beijing type, as well as several scattered novel genotypes. Clustering analysis of Spoligotyping results classified the 136 drug-resistant strains into 3 clusters, with a clustering rate of 75.74% (103/136). The rates of mono-resistance (MR), poly-resistance (PR), multi-drug resistance (MDR), and other types of drug resistance in Beijing type and non-Beijing type were 41.89% (31/74), 13.51% (10/74), 24.33% (18/74), 20.27% (15/74) and 36.84% (14/38), 15.79% (6/38), 26.32% (10/38), 21.05% (8/38) respectively. Chi-square test results showed no statistically significant differences in drug resistance rates between the Beijing and non-Beijing types (P>0.05). Conclusion　The genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Hainan Province showed genetic polymorphism, with the main epidemic genotype being SIT1 in the Beijing type. Monitoring of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in this genotype should be strengthened.

BACKGROUNDControversy still exists regarding whether medial parapatellar approach (MP) or midvastus approach (MV) is preferable in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) up to now. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes following the MV or MP for TKA.

METHODSA comprehensive search of unrestricted-language literature of all studies comparing MP with MV was conducted through the electronic literature databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and WANFANG. Retrieval time was from the time when databases were built to October 2013. Manual search of relevant trials, reviews, and related articles was also performed. Outcomes of interest included postoperative knee extensor and flexor function, postoperative pain, patella tilt, and complications. Relative risk (RR) and weighted mean differences (WMD) from each trial were pooled using random-effects or fixed-effects model depending on the heterogeneity of the included studies. A subgroup analysis or a sensitivity analysis was conducted to explore the potential source of heterogeneity when necessary.

RESULTSTwenty-one randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comprising 1 188 patients (1 450 knees) were eligible. Our results showed that MV was associated with better early postoperative extension (WMD = -1.26, 95% CI -2.36 to -0.16, P = 0.02) and flexion (WMD = 10.13, 95% CI 5.36 to 14.90, P < 0.01), less postoperative pain (WMD = -0.21, 95% CI -0.34 to -0.07, P = 0.002) , and no greater risk for complications than MP. The patella tilt did not differ significantly between the two groups (WMD = -0.70, 95% CI -1.94 to 0.54, P = 0.27).

CONCLUSIONSMV may be a better approach than MP, as it improves postoperative early joint function and decreases pain. Future multi-center randomized controlled studies with large sample sizes are required to verify the current findings.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; methods ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; surgery

Antibodies, Antiphospholipid ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome ; Female ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications