Lateral and superior-lateral dislocations of the intact condyle are a rare complication, following traumatic insult to the mandible. We report an unusual case of a 54-year-old male patient who experienced both types of dislocations of the intact condyles with symphysis fracture following a road-traffic accident. Under general anesthesia, conventional manipulation was unsuccessful in relocating the condyles into the glenoid fossa. After applying a percutaneous traction force, using a bone traction hook placed at the sigmoid notch, the displaced intact mandibular condyles were repositioned, and the symphyseal fracture was finally reduced and fixed. The mouth opening was within normal limits, and favorable occlusion was confirmed one month postoperatively. To our knowledge, this is the first case of dislocation of both intact condyles--associated with symphysis fracture--being reduced with bone traction hook.
Anesthesia, General ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Dislocations* ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Mandibular Condyle* ; Mandibular Fractures ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; Traction*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It has been known that the dominant driver of atrial fibrillation (AF) exists in the left atrium (LA) and the incidence of systemic thromboembolism is higher than that of pulmonary thromboembolism in patients with AF. Therefore, we hypothesized that histological and biochemical characteristics of the LA and the right atrium (RA) are different in patients with mitral valvular AF. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We analyzed the histology and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) or protein expression associated with endothelial function and thrombogenesis in 33 human atrial appendage tissues (20 LA tissues, 13 RA tissues) taken from 25 patients {57.7+/-11.3 years old, 44% males, AF: sinus rhythm (SR)=17:8} with mitral valve disease. We also performed whole mRNA quantification in 8 tissues (both LA and RA tissues from 4 patients) by using next generation sequencing (NGS). RESULTS: 1) The degree of fibrosis (p=0.001) and subendocardial smooth muscle thickness (p=0.004) were significantly greater in the LA than in the RA. 2) More advanced matrix fibrosis was found in the LA of patients with AF than in the LA of patients with SR (p=0.046), but not in the RA. 3) There was no LA-RA difference in protein (Western blot) and mRNA {quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)} expressions of NF-kappaB, 3-NT, CD31, E-selectin, inducible NO synthase, stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha, Endothelin-1, platelet-derived growth factor, myeloperoxidase, or NCX, except for higher mRNA expression of HCN4 in the RA (qRT-PCR, p=0.026) and that of KCNN1 in the LA (NGS, p=0.016). CONCLUSION: More advanced matrix and subendocardial remodeling were noticed in the LA than in the RA in patients with mitral valvular AF. However, the expressions of tissue factors associated with thrombogenesis were not significantly different between the RA and the LA.
Atrial Appendage ; Atrial Fibrillation* ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; E-Selectin ; Endothelin-1 ; Fibrosis ; Heart Atria* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Mitral Valve ; Muscle, Smooth ; NF-kappa B ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Peroxidase ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger ; Thromboembolism ; Thromboplastin

Eggerthella lenta (E. lenta) has been reported to cause bacteremia in patients with gastrointestinal tract disorders or malignancies and in immunocompromised patients. Cases of E. lenta have been increasing with the recent development of testing equipment. The mortality rate due to E. lenta bacteremia is high. The authors report a case of E. lenta bacteremia in an immunocompetent patient.
Appendectomy ; Bacteremia ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Mortality

Eggerthella lenta (E. lenta) has been reported to cause bacteremia in patients with gastrointestinal tract disorders or malignancies and in immunocompromised patients. Cases of E. lenta have been increasing with the recent development of testing equipment. The mortality rate due to E. lenta bacteremia is high. The authors report a case of E. lenta bacteremia in an immunocompetent patient.

OBJECTIVES: Female breast cancer patients generally have limited knowledge regarding issues related to preservation of ovarian function and fertility. The present study aimed to explore the change in the understanding of these issues when female breast cancer patients are educated and counseled about ovarian function and fertility after anticancer treatment.METHODS: One hundred nine young female breast cancer patients completed a questionnaire, which revealed their thoughts and opinions before and after receiving the education about ovarian function and fertility. Their responses were analyzed to determine the impact of the education on their perception and understanding of the aforementioned issues.RESULTS: The objective survey had four main themes: planning and desire for children, degree of baseline understanding of the effects of anticancer therapy on fertility and ovarian function, resultant change in cognition after education about cancer treatment and its relationship with fertility, and need for education regarding the types of therapies received and their effects on subsequent ovarian function and fertility before treatment.CONCLUSIONS: The preservation of ovarian function and fertility is an important factor that must be included in the discussion prior to initiation of anticancer therapy. Although the study results do not have high educational effectiveness or a high satisfaction with education, there is a need for information and education regarding the impact of anticancer treatment on preservation of ovarian function and fertility.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; Child ; Cognition ; Education ; Female ; Fertility ; Humans

Dental implants are valuable devices for restoring lost teeth. At this moment, nanotechnology has emerged with several techniques to modify implant surfaces. In addition, some evaluation techniques at the nano level are contributing important information regarding tissue and cell interactions with the implanted material. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the bone responses to 3 different types of 4.1-mm-diameter, 10mm-long implant surfaces on a dog femur model: 1) Sand blasted with alumina and Acid etched (SA), 2) Resorbable blast media (RBM), functioning as control groups, and 3) Anode oxidation nano-titana (Anodized TiO2) surface implants as experimental group. For this study, implants were placed in 3 beagle dogs (age, 18 months; weight, 11-14 kg). Their purchase, selection, management, and experimental procedure were carried out according to established conditions by the Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Medical Research Center, Medical College of Yonsei University. Nineteen turned screw-shaped implants with 3 different surfaces (4.1mm in diameter, 10mm in length) were made from commercially pure titanium (grade IV). Thirteen implants were placed in each beagle dogs no. 1 and 2 and six implants were placed in the remaining beagle dog. Implants placed in beagle dogs no. 1 and 2 underwent histology analysis, X-ray and CT taking, and analysis of relative bone mineral density with Dataviewer program. While removal torque was measured in the implants placed in beagle no. 3 after a healing period of 4 and 8 weeks. A histological evaluation of the specimens in this study showed that osseointegration was achieved for all control and experimental group after a healing period of 4 and 8 weeks. The following means were obtained for bone-implant contact (BIC) percentage for 4 and 8-week groups, respectively: SA: 85.16%, 38.88%; RBM: 41.62%, 58.87%; and Anodized TiO2: 43.85%, 61.3%. The following means were obtained for bone volume (BV) percentage for 4 and 8-week groups, respectively: SA: 34.48%, 51.55%; RBM: 58.56%, 81.56%; and Anodized TiO2: 47.22%, 63.53%. In this study, 8-week consolidated Anodized TO2 surface implants showed increased removal torque value (RTV) compared to that of the 4-week group. The obtained RTV means were 86.0 and 99.7Ncm, respectively, for 4 and 8-week Anodized TiO2 implants. The present study showed that osseointegration occurred in all investigated types of surface-treated implants. However, the control groups showed slight increase in the BIC and BIV values compared to the experimental groups. Therefore the clinical relevance of the observed results remains to be shown.