Objective To understand the endemic situation and control effect of schistosomiasis through the surveillance in a national surveillance site of Jurong City, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the prevention and control measures. Methods According to the National Schistosomiasis Monitoring Scheme (2014 Edition), the surveillance of schistosome infection in Oncomelania hupensis snails, residents and livestock was performed in the Kongqing Village, a national surveillance site of Jurong City, from 2015 to 2017. Results The areas with snails were 0, 0, and 0.63 hm² in 2015, 2016, and 2017 respectively; the average densities of living snails were 0, 0, and 0.19 snails/0.1 m² in 2015, 2016, and 2017 respectively. No schistosome-infected snails were found. The positive rates of blood tests for schistosomiasis in the local residents were 7.72%, 7.45% and 3.45%, and the positive rates of blood tests in the floating population were 4.90%, 3.47% and 0.97% in 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively. No positives were found in the schistosome etiology detection in the crowd and livestock. Conclusions The effect of schistosomiasis prevention and control is obvious in Jurong City, but O. hupensis snails are still of recurrence. Therefore, the monitoring and control efforts should be strengthened to consolidate the achievements of schistosomiasis prevention and control.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effects of three internal fixations as follows:dynamic hip screw (DHS), proximal femoral nail-A (PFNA) and InterTAN, for intertrochanteric femoral fractures in elderly patients.

METHODSFrom February 2007 to May 2012,136 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures (including 71 males and 65 females, ranging in age from 60 to 88 years old with an average of 69 years old) were treated with DHS (group A, 80 cases), PFNA (group B, 36 cases) and InterTAN (group C, 20 cases). Statistical analysis were applied to compare the 3 groups in operative time, blood loss, fracture healing time, intrraoperative complications and functional outcome (Harris hip score).

RESULTSThe average follow-up was 4.1 months (from 2.5 to 14 months). Compared with group A,groups B and C showed significant advantages in operative time, blood loss, fracture healing time, and intrraoperative complications, functional outcome (Harris scores) (P < 0.05). Compared with group B, group C had significant fewer intrraoperative complications (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in all the indexes except intrraoperative complications between groups B and C (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe PFNA and InterTAN appear to be more reliable than DHS for the treatment of intertrochanteric femoral fractures in the elderly, but InterTAN appear to be more reliable in comminuted and complex intertrochanteric femoral fractures in the elderly than PFNA.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Nails ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the phoenix roebelenii pollen as the allergen of allergic rhinitis in Hainan Province and provide guidance for prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitits.METHODSA total of 2054 patients with allergic rhinitis were tested with the allergen of phoenix roebelenii pollen by skin prick test, and then choose 30 positive cases to give the nasal mucosa provocation test. RESULTSThe total positive rate of allergen of phoenix roebelenii pollen by skin prick test was 67.38% (1384/2054). The 30 cases with positive skin prick test were all positive in nasal mucosa provocation test and the cases in control group were all negative.CONCLUSIONPhoenix roebelenii pollen is an important allergen in Hainan Province. There is a correlation between skin prick test and nasal mucosa provocation test. The allergen skin prick test can provide clue for the patients to avoid the pathogenic allergens and for the specific immunotherapy.

ObjectiveThe study of the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia with scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoid (SSTF) are rarely reported.The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of SSTF on lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in rats with hypertriglyceridemia.Methods60 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, fenofibrate group (100 mg·kg-1), SSTF groups with low, medium and high doses (50,100,200 mg·kg-1, respectively). All rats, except those of the normal group, were fed with high-fat diet and given corresponding drug intervention for 6 weeks. Then the body masses at the 2nd, 4th and 6th weeks as well as wet weight of the liver at the end of 6th week were recorded, and liver index was calculated. The serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were detected. The levels of TG, TC, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in liver tissue were determined, and liver histopathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.ResultsIn the model group, compared with the normal group, the body masses at the 2nd, 4th and 6th weeks and liver index at the end of 6th week were increased, the serum levels of TG, TC and LDL-C got increased with decreased HDL-C level, and the levels of TG[（1.603±0.146）mmol/L], TC[（3.474±0.356）mmol/L] and MDA[（10.288±1.979）nmol/mg] in liver tissue were increased with decreased levels of SOD[（106.840±24.014）U/mg] and GSH-PX[（9.278±2.079）U/mg]. Compared with the model group,the fenofibrate group and all SSTF groups showed decreased body masses at the 2nd, 4th and 6th weeks and liver index at the end of 6th week, decreased serum levels of TG, TC and LDL-C with increased level of HDL-C, and decreased levels of TG, TC and MDA with increased levels of SOD and GSH-PX in liver tissue. The comparsion between the fenofibrate group and the high-dose SSTF group revealed that the body masses at the 4th and 6th weeks and liver index at the end of 6th week were decreased, the serum levels of TG, TC and LDL-C were decreased with increased level of HDL-C, and the levels of TG[（0.718±0.135）mmol/L] and MDA[（5.071±1.305）nmol/mg] in liver tissue got decreased with increased levels of SOD[（172.210±30.214）U/mg] and GSH-PX[（14.623±2.418）U/mg] in the latter group. All the above-mentioned differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).ConclusionSSTF can regulate lipid metabolism and improve pathological injury of liver in hypertriglyceridemia rats, which may be related with inhibition of lipid peroxidation and reduction of oxidative stress.

The aim of this paper was to study the specific mechanism of Fangji Huangqi Decoction(FHT) in decreasing uric acid and improving renal function in mice with hyperuricemia(HUA) induced by potassium oxonate, so as to provide theoretical basis for the research and development of drugs for clinical prevention and treatment of HUA and the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. Sixty Kunming male mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, with 10 mice in each group, namely normal group, model group(250 mg·kg~(-1) potassium oxonate), FHT high, medium and low-dose groups(10 920, 5 460, and 2 730 mg·kg~(-1)) and positive drug allopurinol group(5 mg·kg~(-1)). Drug administration was given once a day for 7 days. On the 6 th day, mice of each group were kept in metabolic cages, and their urine was collected for 24 hours for determination of uric acid, creatinine, and β2-microglobulin(β2-MG) levels. After 7 days, the animals were sacrificed to determine serum uric acid, creatinine β2-MG and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) levels, and their liver and kidney tissues were collected. The liver tissues were used for subsequent determination of xanthine oxidase(XOD) activity, and the kidney tissues were used for subsequent determination of IL-1β levels, pathological tests and related Western blot experiments. In the cell transfection experiment, the cells were divided into blank group, model group(4.8 mmol·L~(-1) uric acid treatment), FHT administration group(4.8 mmol·L~(-1) uric acid+200 μg·mL~(-1) FHT), leucine-rich repeat kinase 1(LRRK1)-small interfering RNA(siRNA) group(4.8 mmol·L~(-1) uric acid+LRRK1-siRNA transfection) and LRRK1-siRNA+FHT group(4.8 mmol·L~(-1) uric acid+LRRK1-siRNA transfection+200 μg·mL~(-1) FHT). After 24 h incubation, the level of IL-1β in the cell supernatant was detected, and the cellular proteins were extracted and used to determine LRRK1, epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), PDZ kinase 1(PDZK1) and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) protein expression levels. The results showed that, FHT could significantly reduce the uric acid, creatinine and β2-MG levels in serum and β2-MG levels in urine, increase the uric acid and creatinine levels in urine, and improve the renal pathological results of the HUA mice, but showed no effect on liver XOD activity; at the same time, we found that the expression level of IL-1β in serum and kidney, NF-κB, LRRK1 and EGFR protein levels in kidney of HUA mice were significantly increased, and the expression level of PDZK1 protein was significantly decreased, while FHT could significantly improve the abnormal expression of these proteins, and FHT increased protein expression of renal organic anion transporter 1(OAT1), OAT3 and ATP bin-ding transporter G2(ABCG2) in HUA mice, but FHT had no effect on the expression of urate transporter 1(URAT1). In the cell transfection experiment, after transfection of LRRK1-siRNA, the levels of IL-1β, EGFR and NF-κB in supernatant were significantly reduced, and the expression of PDZK1 protein was significantly increased. As compared with the LRRK1-siRNA group, the levels of IL-1β, EGFR, PDZK1 and NF-κB did not change significantly with the additional FHT. This study showed that FHT may regulate the renal uric acid transport system through LRRK1 gene, improve the capacity of uric acid excretion, so as to reduce the level of serum uric acid. At the same time, FHT can not only protect the kidney directly, but also in an indirect manner by reducing the level of uric acid.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Hyperuricemia/drug therapy* ; Kidney ; Male ; Mice ; Uric Acid