ObjectiveTo assess the significance of serum cysteine proteinase inhibitor C (Cys-C) and β2 microglobulin (β2MG) concentrations in the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury.Methods Two hundred and fifty patients presenting to the Emergency Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from October 2008 to October 2009 with sepsis were assessed.Serum creatinine (SCr),β2MG and Cys-C concentrations and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ ( APACHE Ⅱ ) scores were determined when the septic patients presented to the hospital. The 28-day mortality was recorded.The study patients were retrospectively divided into acute kidney injury ( n =63 ) and no acute kidney injury groups (n =187 ).The predictive accuracies of Cys-C and β2MG for acute kidney injury were analyzed by plotting a relative operating characteristic (ROC) curve.The Spearman interclass correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between Cys-C concentration and APACHE Ⅱ score in sepsisinduced acute kidney injury.ResultsCys-C and β2 MG concentrations were significantly greater in the acute than in the no acute kidney injury group [ ( 1189 ± 214) μg/L vs.(678 ± 118) μg/L,P =0.007 ; (3705 ±599)μg/L vs.(2365 ±446) μg/L,P =0.004,respectively].SCr concentrations and APACHE Ⅱ scores were significantly greater in the acute than in the no acute kidney injury group [ (145 ±49) vs.(73 ±25),P=0.013,(19 ±4) vs.(13 ±4),P=0.016].There was a significant correlation between Cys-C concentration and APACHEII score in the acute kidney injury group (P ＜0.01).The 28-day mortality was significantly greater in the acute than in the no acute kidney injury group.The areas under the ROC curve for Cys-C and β2MG concentrations were 0.909 ( OR =1.006,95％ CI =1.002 - 1.009) and 0.82 ( OR =1.001,95％ CI =1.000 -1.001),respectively.ConclusionsMonitoring of Cys-C and β2MG concentrations can effectively predict the occurrence of acute kidney injury in septic patients.Cys-C concentration is a more accurate predictor of this diagnosis than β2MG concentration.An increasing Cys-C concentration is an indicator of poor prognosis.

ObjectiveThe difference of Cys-C ( serum cysteine proteinase inhibitor C) among sepsis group,systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) group,and non -SIRS group were explored in this study.The significance of mortality and the relationship between Cys-C and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE)Ⅱ score were under discussed. Methods After excluding the individual whose survival less than 24 hours,two hundred and fifty patients sought medical care in the emergency department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of the Capital Medical University were selected as samples from October 2008 to October 2009.They were classified into three groups:SIRS group ( n =121 ),non-SIRS group (n =74) and sepsis group ( n =55 ).The serum Cys-C level and APACHE Ⅱ score were determined for each patient.The positive detection rate of Cys-C ( ＞ 830 ng/ml) was calculated and then a 28-day mortality was recorded according to this study result.The positive detection rate and 28-day mortality were also compared with chi-square test.The prognostic values of Cys-C,APACHE Ⅱ score for the 28-daymortality were evaluated by logistic regression analysis.Results There was significant change observed between sepsis group and non-SIRS group (41.38％ vs. 13.57％,P =0.007 ) for the positive detection rate of Cys-C,as well as that between SIRS group and non-SIRS group ( 32.79％ vs. 13.57％,P =0.005).However,a contrary result was obtained when compared sepsis group with SIRS group (41.38％ vs.32.79％,P =0.346) ).Significant difference was noticed in the 28-day mortality of the patients from sepsis group and SIRS group in comparison to those of non-SIRS group (41.6％ vs. 17.2％,P ＜ 0.01 ;36.91％ vs. 17.2％,P ＜ 0.05).Cys-C level in patient with sepsis indicated a positive correlation to APACHE Ⅱ score ( P ＜0.0001 ).ConclusionsThe positive rate of Cys-C in SIRS group and septic group were significantly higher than that of non-SIRS patients,and this is an index for poor prognosis in sepsis patients.

ObjectiveThis study is designed to investigate the relationship between STR polymorphism in HO-1 gene promoter and susceptibility of CAD,in order to provide a new strategy for prevention and treatment of CAD by using HO-1.Methods200 patients who were diagnosed as CAD by coronary angiography were selected in this study.100 subjects without evidence of CAD under coronary angiography with their sex and age similar to CAD patients were selected as controls.Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction followed by capillary electrophoresis automated DNA sequencer.Each size of the (GT) n repeat was calculated using the GeneMapper Analysis software.ResultsA (GT)n polymorphism was found in the HO-1 gene promoter with n =16 ～39.Subjects with n≤29 expressed much more HO-1 protein than those with n ＞29( P ＜0.01 ).The alleles were then classified into two subgroups,S'allele (n 29 ) and L'allele (n ＞29),the subjects were then classified as having an S/S,S/L,or L/L genotype.Subjects with the L allele ( L/L + L/S genotypes) had more chance to get CAD than those with S/S genotype ( adjusted OR =1.83,95 ％ CI =1.04 - 3.24).Stratified analysis further showed that L allele ( L/L + L/S genotypes) was susceptive to CAD in patients who smoke (adjusted OR =2.59,95％ CI =1.16 -5.80).ConclusionsThe (GT)n polymorphism in HO-1 gene promoter is related to susceptibility to CAD,especially in those patients who smoke.

Objective To detect the strain features of regional wall abnormalities in patients with coronary artery disease during each diastolic period, and its possibility to evaluate regional left ventricular cardiocyte viability and diastolic function.Methods 54 patients with anterior myocardial infarction (MI group) and 78 normal subjects (NOR group) underwent Doppler tissue imaging, which were performed in 2-chamber-view by strain curves synchronously.Results In the NOR group, strain value of 66 cases (84.62%) showed an gradually increasing negative value from the apex to base to middle of left ventricle, while in the MI group, there were 9 cases (16.67%) with such a trend. IR phase: in the NOR group, 564 segments (90.38%) were upward wave bands, but in the MI group, there were 123 segments (28.47%) having such waves ( P<0.05). RF phase: in the NOR group, 576 segments (92.31%) were upward and steep wave bands, but in the MI group, the number of upward waves were obviously less (102 segments,23.61%) ( P<0.01). SF period: compared with the NOR group, which was horizontal, the MI group had upward wave bands ( P<0.05).Conclusion Regional myocardial ischemia and infarction can cause significant regional diastolic wall abnormalities of strain value in active diastolic phase. Regional diastolic wall motion abnormalities can be evaluated quantitatively and synchronously with high sensitivity by strain curve which has the potential value in cardiocyte viability and diastolic function.

Objective To identify features of antibodies in the supernatants of cultured Castleman's disease cells.Methods Lymphocytes of Castleman's disease were isolated and cultured.Immunofluorescence and immunoblot assays were performed with IgG extracted from culture supernatants.The immunoglobulin heavy chaingene of cultured tumor B cells was analyzed by RT-PCR,cloning and sequencing.ResultsIg Gextracted from culture supernatant scouldattachtotheepithelialcellsurfacesofmousebladdertissues.Theantibodycouldalsoidentifytwoantigencomponents,210000and190000,ofnormalhumanepidermaltis-sues.ThesequencesimilaritywasfoundinimmunoglobulinheavychaingeneofculturedtumorBcellscom-paredwiththatof6patientswithCastleman'sdiseasepreviouslyreported.Conclusions Castleman's tumor associated with paraneoplastic pemphigus can secret autoantibody with similar features to that found in patients'sera.

Traditional Chinese medicine is the crystallization of civilization and wisdom of Chinese nation , in which the complex components exhibit unique advantages in anti-tumor therapy through multi-channel and multi-target.Through the summary of the litera-tures recently, the research on anti-tumor mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine was reviewed to provide reference for the deep re -search and clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine .

Objective To observe the proliferation and phenotype-switching of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) induced by hypoxia and interfered by Ad-PKGIα. And to investigate the potential regulative role of PKGIα gene in the molecule mechanism of hypoxia pulmonary vessel remodeling (HPVR). Methods To establish the pure PASMC cultured by tissue-sticking methods. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to examine the PKGIα mRNA and protein expression after PASMC were transfected by Ad-PKG. The mRNA and protein expressive change of smooth muscle α actin(SM-α-actin) determined the degree of cell phenotype-switching. The changes of PASMC proliferation were determined by flow cytometry and ~3H-TdR incorporated way. Results Ad-PKGIα could transfect into PASMC and highly express. Hypoxia down-regulated the expression of SM-α-actin protein (44. 25±5.34 in normoxia, 32. 18±4. 19 in 12 h hypoxia condition, 21.90 ±2. 44 in 24 h hypoxia condition, P < 0. 05), that could be blocked by the transfeetion of Ad-PKGIα. Hypoxia could push PASMC mitosis and proliferating(~3H-TdR incorporated way: 7570 ± 371 in normoxia,12 020± 831 in 12 h hypoxia condition,14 924 ± 1491 in 24 h hypoxia condition, P <0. 05), that could be blocked by the transfection of Ad-PKGIα, too. Conclusions The results suggested that PKGIα signaling pathway might play an important role in the molecule mechanism of HPVR. And PKGIα gene might be a target point of gene therapy.

Objective To study mRNA expression of neuroglobin (NGB) in thalamus of DAI rats and explore the relation between NGB and heed injury. Method 46 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups. The DAI model was established according to modi-fied Mamamu method. The mRNA expression of NGB in thalamus at different time point after injury was detected by RT-PCR method. All data were analyzed with statistical software. Result The mRNA expression of NGB in thalamus increased obviously from 30 minutes after in-jury while decreased at the 24th hour after injury. But the expression increased again and reached peak at the 48th hour after injury. Conclu-sion The mRNA expression of NGB in thalamus increased after DM. Those changes suggested NGB might participate in the response mech-anism of stress, secondary ischemia and hypoxic brain injury after neuron injury.

Objective To investigate whether the activation of secretory prophospholipase A2 (sPLA2) plays the role in the pathophysiological mechanism of acute aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) in rats. Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups. Model group received decocted Aristolochia Manshuriensis Kom 30 g·kg-1d-1 by gavage for 7 days following tap water in same way for additional 7 days. Control group received only tap water by garage at parallel time. The renal pathological changes were observed at the 4th, 8th and 14th day. The injury of renal tubules and interstitium was observed under light microscope following a semi-quantity grade. The level of Scr was measured to evaluate glomerular function. Urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) was tested as renal tubular injury marker. The activity of sPLA2 in serum was detected by manifesting the color of thiols in the substrate. The protein expression of renal cortex and medulla COX-2 was analyzed by Western blot. The metabolic products of pretaglandins (PC, s) including 6-kcto-PGF1α and TXB2 in the plasma and urine were assayed by radioimmunoassay. The ratio of 6-keto-PGF1α/TXB2 was calculated. Results After Aristolochia administration, the tubulointerstitial injury and Scr increased in AA rats and reached the peak at the 8th day, the tubulointerstitial injury index(8.14±2.55 vs 1.50±0.71, P<0.05) and Scr[(0.24±0.10) vs (0.19±0.02) μmol/g, P<0.05] increased significantly in AA rats compared with control group. The activity of sPLA2 (μmol ·min-1·mg-1) in AA group elevated by 1.3-fold compared to control group at 8th day (133.15±17.05 vs 101.3±16.07, P<0.05), while theexpression of COX-2 in renal cortex increased (1.16±0.36 vs 0.69±0.28, P<0.05) with no change in renal medulla. Even though the levels of serum 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2 did not change obviously in both AA and control group, but urinary levels of 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2 increased by 2-fold and 3-fold in AA group compared to control group, respectively (all P<0.05), while the ratio of 6-keto-PGF1α/TXB2 decreased significantly (207.53±17.52 vs 296.64±51.31, P<0.05). All of above changes recovered to the control level at the 14th day except the tubulointerstitial injury index. Conclusion Serum sPLA2 is activated in the rots with acute kidney injury induced by aristolochic acid, which accompanied by up-regulated expression of COX-2 in renal cotex and increased the metabolic products of vasoconstrictive PG s in urine. These changes may participate the mechanism of renal peritubular ischemia in AAN.

Objective To construct a large animal model of ischemic heart disease induced by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) . Methods Male Diannan Mini-pigs were selected (n=8), weight 20 ± 4 Kg. After general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation, blood pressure and electrocardiograph were monitored. Parasternal incision was taken and thoracotomyv was performed at 4th-to-5th intercostalgap. Pericardium was opened and left anterior descending artery was ligated. Echocardiography was performed at baseline, postoperative 28 and 60 day. Euthanasia and heart explanted was conducted at 60 day of experimental pig. After gross examination of the heart, the histological examination was used to assess myocardial infarction by using H&E staining. Results All of the pigs were presented with ventricular arrhythmias in varying degrees after ligation of the left anterior descending artery, of whom 2 died of refractory ventricular fibrillation, the mortality was 25%. Echocardiography assessment showed the loss left ventricular function, the thinning of left ventricular apical and the enlargement of left ventricule. Histological examination revealed that myocardial fibrosis and fibrous scar were formed in myocardial infarction area. Conclusion The ligation of left anterior descending artery through thoracotomy under direct vision is a reliable strategy for construction of AMI porcine model and the experimental porcine can develop ischemic cardiac dysfunction progressively.