ObjectiveTo evaluate clinical efficacy ofYupingfeng Granules combined with western medicine for children with recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI).Methods CNKI, VIP, WANFANG DATA, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the clinical and immune effects ofYupingfeng Granules in children with RRTI from inception to October 2015. Two researchers independently screened studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and evaluated the methodological quality of included studies. Then Meta analysis was performed through the software RevMan 5.3.Results A total of 8 articles involving 550 patients were included. The results of Meta analysis showed effective rate ofYupingfeng Granules combined with western medicine for children with RRTI [OR=4.16, 95%CI (2.49, 6.95),P<0.000 01], IgA level [MD=0.52, 95%CI (0.26, 0.78),P<0.000 1], IgG level [MD=2.75, 95%CI (1.25, 4.25),P=0.000 3], CD4+ level [MD=6.15, 95%CI (4.76, 7.54),P<0.000 01], CD4+/CD8+ level [MD=0.36, 95%CI (0.25, 0.47),P<0.000 01]. All of the above were superior to single western medicine treatment. There was no statistical significance in levels of IgM and CD8+(P>0.05). ConclusionYupingfeng Granules combined with western medicine can improve effective rate, antibody level and T-cell level in the treatment of children with RRTI. The overall clinical efficacy is better than single western medicine treatment. However, RCTs with large samples, multiple centers and high quality are needed for further verification.

Objective To investigate the effect of long-term antiviral treatment on clinical outcome and liver histology in patients with hepatitis B virus ( HBV)-related compensated cirrhosis .Methods A total of 61 patients with HBV-related compensated cirrhosis receiving antiviral therapy were enrolled from Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province during September 2010 and March 2015, including 26 HBeAg-positive cases and 35 HBeAg-negative cases .Thirty-nine patients were treated with entecavir ( ETV ) and 22 were treated with adefovir dipivoxil ( ADV ) .Biochemical , serological and virological markers were examined every 3 months during treatment, and Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) scores were calculated.All the patients underwent liver biopsy before and 144 weeks after antiviral treatment .Metavir scoring system was used to evaluate the liver histological activity ( A) and fibrosis score ( F) .Wilcoxon rank sum test and paired t-test were used for the evaluation of liver histopathology and liver function before and after treatment , respectively.Results After 144 weeks of antiviral treatment , HBV DNA was reduced and below the lower limit of detection in 58 patients (95.1%), HBeAg disappeared in 14 patients (14/26, 53.8%), and HBeAg seroconversion was observed in 10 patients (10/26, 38.5%); alanine aminotransferase ( ALT), aspartate amino transaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TBil) and CTP score decreased (t=7.489, 8.259, 14.000 and 6.026, all P<0.01), prothrombin time (PT) was shortened (t=9.777, P<0.01), and serum albumin (Alb) increased (t=3.446, P<0.01).Improvements in both liver histologic activity and fibrosis score were observed (Z=5.716 and 6.657, all P<0.01).Liver histological activity decreased from A1 to A0 in 16 cases, from A2 to A0 in 9 cases, from A2 to A1 in 15 cases, from A3 to A0 in 1 case, from A3 to A1 in 5 cases, and from A3 to A2 in 5 cases.Fibrosis score at the baseline was F 4 for all patients, while after treatment, there were 7 patients with F1, 22 with F2, 20 with F3, and F4 remained in rest 12 patients.Conclusion Both clinical and histological improvements can be obtained after long-term antiviral treatment for patients with HBV-related compensated cirrhosis .

Objective To explore the clinical and imaging factors influencing the patients' prognosis after preoperative radiotherapy for local advanced rectal cancer.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 106 locally advanced rectal cancer patients from June 2004 to September 2015 in our institution.All patients underwent preoperative radiotherapy.According to the Mandard score,patients were divided into 5 groups (TRG1-5).All patients were divided into two groups according to the TRG,which including good responder (TRG1 + 2) and poor responder (TRG3 + 4 + 5) groups.All of the tumor ADC values of post-RT were measured by Diffusion-weighted MRI technology,and the relationship between tumor ADC values of post-RT and TRG was analyzed.Results In univariate analysis,age,chemotherapy,pT,pN,differentiation degree,vascular invasion and TRG were significantly associated with overall survival (x2 =3.945-8.110,P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis indicated that differentiation degree and TRG were the independent prognostic factors for OS (x2 =5.221,6.563,P ＜ 0.05).No significant difference was found between long-course and short-course radiotherapy group (P ＞ 0.05) in OS.The good responder group had a favorable survival in 5-year OS compared to the poor responder group (x2 =8.110,P ＜ 0.05).Preoperative radiotherapy,preoperative chemotherapy,pathological type,differentiation degree and gross type,vascular tumor thrombus and tumor ADC values of post-RT were significantly associated with TRG (x2 =4.189-18.139,P ＜ 0.05).The best critical point of tumor ADC values of post-RT was 1.7 x 10-3 mm2/s by using ROC curve.The accuracy of tumor ADC values of post-RT in predicting TRG1 + 2 was 70％.Conclusions The TRG can predict the efficacy of preoperative radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer based on the Mandard score.There was no significant difference in OS between long-course radiotherapy group and short-course radiotherapy group.The tumor ADC values of post-RT might become a potential factor to predict TRG in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after preoperative radiotherapy.

ObjectiveTounderstandthetrendsandepidemiologicalcharacteristicsofsexuallytransmitteddiseases(STDs)inChinaandprovidescientificbasisformakingcontrolstrategies.MethodsDuringtheperiodof1991～2001,thecase-reportingdataof8kindsofnotifiableandmonitoringSTDs,collectedfrom31provinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalities,wereanalyzedwithepidemiologicalmethods.Results①Epidemictrends:Duringthisperiod,theincidenceof8kindsofSTDssteadilyincreasedfrom175528(15.48per100000population)in1991to859040(68.91per100000population)in2000.Theaverageannualgrowthofincidencewas19.30%,witharangeof2.59%～36.88%.However,thereportedcasesin2001were795612withadecreaseof7.38%comparedwiththosein2000,anditwasthefirstdecreasesinceSTDcaseswerereportedfrom1987.②Geographicaldistribution:Thehigh-incidenceareasweretheZhujiangRiverDelta,YangtzeRiverDelta,MinjiangRiverValley,NortheasternChina,andBeijing,Tianjin,andChongqingManicipalities,withtheincidencerateofover70～100casesper100000populationafter1997,andtherewereveryhighratesofincidenceover1000casesper100000populationinsomeareas.Thelow-incidenceareaswerenorthChina,partsofCentralChina,NorthwesternChinaandSouthwesternChina,withtheincidenceratesoflowerthan30～50per100000population.③Populationdistri-bution:Themaletofemaleratiodecreasedfrom1.60∶1～1.69∶1intheearly1990sto1.35∶1～1.40∶1inthelate1990s.STDincidencerateswerehighestinthe20～39agegroup,andthereportedSTDcasesofthisagegroupaccountedforover80%oftotalcases.ConclusionSexuallytransmitteddiseasesinChinahavebecomeaseriouspublichealthproblemandtheeffectiveinterventionprogrammesagainstSTDsmustbeimplementedacrossthecountry.

Objective To observe the effects of Ziyin Xifeng Fang ( ZYXFF) , a Chinese medicine com-pound formulated by the method of nourishing yin and extinguishing wind, on the blood pressure and renal JAK/STAT signal pathway in the rat model of spontaneously hypertension ( SH) . Methods 40 SH rats were randomly divided into four groups ( n=10 each):model group, low dose of ZYXFF( low-dose) group, high dose of ZYXFF ( high-dose) group and compound apocynum group. Another 10 SKY rats with the same background were included in the control group. The rats of three treatment groups were ad-ministered intragastrically ( i. g. ) proper drugs, and those of control group and model group were i. g. sa-line for consecutive 42 days. The systolic blood pressure ( BP) was measured by using small animal non-invasive blood pressure meter at Day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and Day 42. Two hours after i. g. at the last day of medication, all the rats were sacrificed. The serum contents of creatinin ( Cr) , blood urea nitrogen ( BUN) , and uric acid ( UA) were determined. The serum contents of IL-6 and TNF-αwere detected by ELISA assay, and the protein expression of renal p-JAK1 and p-STAT1 were measured by Western blot. Results Compared with control group, BP, Cr, BUN, UA, IL-6 and TNF-α increased significantly in model group, and the all indexes of the rats of the three medication groups decreased remarkably ( P<0. 05 or P<0 . 01 ) , especially the effects of high dose of ZYXFF and compound apocynum were stronger than those of low dose ZYXFF. Compared with control group, in model group rats renal p-JAK1, p-STAT1 protein expression significantly increased ( P<0 . 01 ) . The protein expressions of p-JAK1 and p-STAT1 decreased in the three medication groups compared with the model group ( P <0 . 05 or P <0 . 01 ) . Conclusion The mechanism of ZYXFF lowering blood pressure and attenuating the renal function impairment should be by the way of inhibiting the activation of JAK/STAT signal pathway.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia and a preliminary study to explore the relationship between different clinical classification and liver damage. Methods: Consecutively confirmed novel coronavirus infection cases admitted to seven designated hospitals during January 23, 2020 to February 8, 2020 were included. Clinical classification (mild, moderate, severe, and critical) was carried out according to the diagnosis and treatment program of novel coronavirus pneumonia (Trial Fifth Edition) issued by the National Health Commission. The research data were analyzed using SPSS19.0 statistical software. Quantitative data were expressed as median (interquartile range), and qualitative data were expressed as frequency and rate. Results: 32 confirmed cases that met the inclusion criteria were included. 28 cases were of mild or moderate type (87.50%), and four cases (12.50%) of severe or critical type. Four cases (12.5%) were combined with one underlying disease (bronchial asthma, coronary heart disease, malignant tumor, chronic kidney disease), and one case (3.13%) was simultaneously combined with high blood pressure and malignant tumor. The results of laboratory examination showed that the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), and total bilirubin (TBil) for entire cohort were 26.98 (16.88 ~ 46.09) U/L and 24.75 (18.71 ~ 31.79) U/L, 39.00 (36.20 ~ 44.20) g/L and 16.40 (11.34- ~ 21.15) mmol/L, respectively. ALT, AST, ALB and TBil of the mild or moderate subgroups were 22.75 (16.31- ~ 37.25) U/L, 23.63 (18.71 ~ 26.50) U/L, 39.70 (36.50 ~ 46.10) g/L, and 15.95 (11.34 ~ 20.83) mmol/L, respectively. ALT, AST, ALB and TBil of the severe or critical subgroups were 60.25 (40.88 ~ 68.90) U/L, 37.00 (20.88 ~ 64.45) U/L, 35.75 (28.68 ~ 42.00) g/L, and 20.50 (11.28 ~ 25.00) mmol/L, respectively. Conclusion The results of this multicenter retrospective study suggests that novel coronavirus pneumonia combined with liver damage is more likely to be caused by adverse drug reactions and systemic inflammation in severe patients receiving medical treatment. Therefore, liver function monitoring and evaluation should be strengthened during the treatment of such patients.