Objective:To observe the effect of acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate at Zusanli (ST 36) on gastrointestinal function of patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods:Totally 120 patients undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized into an acupoint injection group, a muscular injection group, and a blank control group at 1:1:1 by random number table, 40 cases in each group. The blank control group was intervened by conventional post-operation treatment, the acupoint injection group was by acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate 2 mL at bilateral Zusanli (ST 36) in addition to the treatment given to the blank control group, and the muscular injection group was by muscular injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate 2 mL in addition to the treatment given to the blank control group. The two injection groups both received injection twice a day, totally for 3 d at most. The restored time of bowel sounds, initial flatulence time, defecation time and clinical efficacy were observed. Results:After treatment, there were significant differences in comparing the restored time of bowel sounds among the three groups (F=17.30,P<0.05), the acupoint injection group and muscular injection group were significantly different from the blank control group (P<0.05), and there was a significant difference between the acupoint injection group and muscular injection group (P<0.05); there were significant differences in comparing the initial flatulence time among the three groups (F=19.12,P<0.05), and the acupoint injection group was significantly different from the muscular injection group and the blank control group (P<0.05); there were significant differences in comparing the initial defecation time among the three groups (χ2=21.23,P<0.05), while the difference between the acupoint injection group and muscular injection group was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). The total effective rate was 87.5% in the acupoint injection group, versus 72.5% in the muscular injection group and 60.0% in the blank control group, and there were significant differences among the three groups (P<0.05). Conclusion:Acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate at Zusanli (ST 36) can shorten the restored time of bowel sounds and flatulence time in patients undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and the efficacy is more significant compared to muscular injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate.

Objective To study the clinical significance of neuron specific enolase (NSE),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) and carcinoma associated antigen(CA125) in diagnosis,evaluation of therapy and monitoring metastasis and recurrence of lung cancer.Methods The levels of NSE,CEA and CA125 were detected in the sera from 30 healthy controls,48 patients with benign diseases,50 patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and 14 patients with small cell lung cancer(SCLC) by using microparticle enzyme linked immunoassay and bioantibodies sandwich one step assay by using streptavidin technique,respectively.Results The levels of NSE and CEA in the sera of patients with NSCLC and SCLC were significantly higher than those of healthy controls and patients with benign diseases (both P0 05).The levels of NSE CEA and CA125 decreased after the treatment and increased greatly with the metastasis and recurrence of the cancer.After the combination of NSE and CEA and CA125,the sensitivity significantly increased,but no difference was found in the specifity.Conclusion Measuring serum levels of NSE,CEA and CA125 are very useful in diagnosis,evaluation of therapy and monitoring of metastasis and recurrence of lung cancer.

Objective　To study　how　ConA actives macrophages in vivo to produce cytotoxic effectors and its phagocytic functions,and　 cytotoxicity. Methods　 ConA was intraperitoneally injected(ip). Cock red blood cells(cRBC) were used to evaluate MΦ phagocytic activity,and S180 cells as target cells to analyze MΦ dependent cytotoxicity(MTC).Nitric oxide(NO),TNF-α　and IL-1 levels of MΦ cultural supernatant were measured using griess reagent,L929 cells MTT method and thymocytes proliferation test respectively. Results　 ConA could promote MΦ　to phagocytize cRBC and kill S180 cells,enhance the production of such factors as NO,TNF-α　and IL-1 by MΦ. There was significant difference compared with PBS　control group(P＜0.01). Conclusions　 ConA could stimulate MΦ to produce effectors, which mediate immune regulation of ConA to MΦ.

Primary liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small non-coding RNA molecules that downregulate gene expression by binding to the 3'-untranslated region of target miRNAs.MiRNAs function as tumor sup-pressors or oncogenes by regulating oncogene or tumor suppressor gene expression and their related signaling pathways involved in liver cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma,cholangiocarcinoma,and hepatoblastoma.In this review,we provide a systematic evaluation of the relationship between miRNAs and liver cancers,and describe the potential applications of miRNAs in liver cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To survey cervical myoelectric signals during craniocervical flexion, neutral and extension postures, and to explore the evidence that proper head position can alleviate cervical muscle fatigue in a lateral recumbent position. Methods Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals were detected from the sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius and erector spinae muscles of 30 young subjects bilaterally during craniocervical flexion,neutral and extension postures in the left lateral recumbent position. The integrated trace area (IEMG) and median frequency (MF) were estimated. Results The average IEMG of the sternocleidomastoid muscles was significantly lower in flexion than in extension bilaterally. The average IEMG of the erector spinae muscles was lower in extension than in flexion bilaterally, and the difference was again significant. The IEMGs of the upper trapezius muscle showed no significant difference on average in the three postures bilaterally. There was no significant MF difference in any of the muscles. Conclusions The muscles in the cervical back were less activated during craniocervical extension in a lateral recumbent position. A little cranicocervical extension is optimal while resting in a lateral recumbent position.

Background and purpose:Integrinαvβ3 receptor plays an important role in promoting, sustaining and regulating the angiogenesis. It is overexpressed on neovascular endothelial cells and tumor cells. RGD peptide specifically binds to integrinαvβ3, which could evaluate growth status and invasiveness of tumor. This study aimed to investigate the biodistribution in healthy KM mice and micro PET/CT imaging in U87MG tumor-bearing mice of 18F-E[c(RGDfK)2]. Methods: 18F-E[c(RGDfK)2] was produced using an automated synthesis module via a simple one-step 18F-labeling strategy of the precursor 4-NO2-3-TFMBz-E[c(RGDfK)2]. The percentage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g) was calculated at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h post injection of the probe. Micro PET/CT images of U87MG tumor-bearing nude mice with or without 18F-E[c(RGDfK)2] blocking were acquired at each time point. Results: The labeling efficiency and radiochemical purity of 18F-E[c(RGDfK)2] were 10% and 98%, respectively. 18F-E[c(RGDfK)2] was excreted via renal route, with a high blood clearance. The other organs had background-level activity accumulation. At 1 h, the%ID/g of kidney, liver, intestine, muscle and blood was (1.02±0.16)%ID/g,(0.24±0.06)%ID/g, (0.35±0.03)%ID/g, (0.13±0.03)%ID/g and (0.11±0.03)%ID/g 18F-E[c(RGDfK)2] had initial high tumor uptake [(5.2±0.56)%ID/g] and good tumor-to-background contrast (5.36) at 1 h post injection. Tumor uptake for blocking group was lower than those without blocking, and T/M reduced to 1.57. Conclusion: 18F-E[c(RGDfK)2] appears a promising PET molecular imaging probe targeting integrin αvβ3, with high tumor uptake. It could be suitable for prognosis evaluation of integrin-positive tumor, selection of vascular targeting therapy and therapy effect monitoring.

Objective A kind of quantitative C reactive protein (CRP) test kit was developed with colloidal gold lateral flow method. Method The kit was prepared with double antibody sandwich technology, and by material optimization and strict process control to improve performance. Quantitative assay was realized by a specialized lateral flow reader. The kit performance was evaluated with series of tests and clinical trial. Results The kit was developed with functional sensitivity≤1 mg/L, linear range 1-200 mg/L, CV<15%and with stability of 12 months. 220 samples clinical trial showed 98.6%of coincidence rate. Pearson Correlation coefficient r is 0.987, which showed no significant difference in performance compare with control kit. Conclusion A quantitative CRP test kit was developed with easy to operating and good stability, Which can be used for point of care testing or laboratory testing.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of neonatal invasive fungal infection(IFI) so as to guide diagnosis,prevention and treatment of IFI.Methods Seventy-six neonates with IFI admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Children's Hospital of Fudan University from 2004 to 2014 were included in the study.Pathogens,clinical manifestation,risk factor exposure,laboratory findings,complications,and clinical outcome of neonatal IFI were analyzed.Results Seventy-six cases were diagnosed as IFI between 2004 and 2014,with an yearly increasing trend.Sixty-eight patients were premature infants (89.5％).Of the 76 cases,except one with unknown birth weight,11(14.7％),34(45.3％),20(26.7％)and 10 (13.3％) cases had birth weight ＜ 1 000 g,(≥ 1 000-＜1 500) g,(≥ 1 500-＜2 500) g and ≥ 2 500 g,respectively.The pathogens were mainly Candida (74/76,97.4％),including 26 cases of Candida albicans (34.2％).However,the incidence of non-Candida albicans infection was increasing.Candida guilliermondii was the most common in nonCandida albicans,accounting for 29.2％ (14/48).All Candida albicans were sensitive to fluconazole.One strain of Candida glabrata was resistant to fluconazole.The most common risk factors included use of broad-spectrum antibiotics(93.3％,56/60),parenteral nutrition(70.0％,42/60),central vein catheterization(53.3％,32/60),invasive ventilation(40.0％,24/60) and history of abdominal surgery(21.7％,13/60).Clinical manifestations of IFI included temperature instability,frequent apnea,increased requirement of respiratory support and feeding intolerance.Among all cases,six were diagnosed as central nervous system infection.Of the patients who received cranial MRI,46.8％(22/47) showed multiple abnormal signals in cerebral parenchyma.Fiftytwo patients were cured and seven patients died before discharge,including one death due to fungal infection.Conclusions There is an increasing trend of IFI cases in NICU,especially in premature infants.Non-Candida albicans has become the main pathogenic fungus.There are no specific clinical manifestations in neonatal IFI.Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics,parenteral nutrition and central venous catheterization are common risk factors,and preventive measures should be taken in high-risk infants.In addition,IFI in neonates may affect important organs such as central nervous system,thus early treatment is necessary in suspected patients.

The anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) effects and its mechanisms of the ethanol extracts of Hypericum perforatum L. (EHP) in vitro were explored. HepG2 2.2.15 cells, a stable HBV-producing cell line, were cultured as the model system to observe the anti-HBV effect. The viral antigens of cellular secretion, HBsAg and HBeAg, were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The quantity of HBV-DNA released in the supernatant was assayed by real-time PCR. In order to understand the mechanisms of the suppression of HBV replication, all HBV promoters (Cp, Xp, S1p, S2p and Fp) with luciferase reporter gene were transfected into HepG2 cells respectively. Then the activities of viral promoters were examined by luciferase reporter assay. It was found EHP effectively suppressed the secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg from HepG2 2.2.15 cells in a dose-dependent manner, as well as the extracellular HBV DNA. And EHP could selectively inhibit the activity of HBV promoter Fp. Our data suggest that EHP exerts anti-HBV effects via inhibition of HBV transcription, which helps to elucidate the mechanism underlying the potential therapeutic value of EHP.

Objective To investigate the effects of over-expression of wild-type PTEN gene and its mutant (G129E) on apoptosis and proliferation of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) in vitro and its potential mechanisms. Methods The activated HSC cells were cultured in vitro and transfected with PTEN gene and G129E gene via adenoviral vector. The apoptosis of HSC was measured by MTT , and its proliferation was assessed by TUNEL and flow cytometry (FCM) . Western blotting and real-time fluorescent quantitation PCR were used to detect expression of PTEN in HSC. And the changes of Bcl-2 and Bax expression were tested by Western blotting. Results The wild type PTEN gene and G129E gene were successfully transducted into HSC, which resuted in elevated expression of Bax and reduced expression of Bcl-2 (P<0.01). After transduction, HSC proliferation was markedly inhibited with inhibitory rates of 14.03% and 23.12% at 48 and 72 hours in Ad-PTEN ,respectively, as well as 9.52% and 12.63% in Ad-G129E, respectively. Apoptotic rate of HSC exposed to Ad-PTEN or Ad-G129E for 72 hours increased significantly (P<0.01). Furthermore, wild type PTEN was more powerful than G129E for above-mentioned effects. Conclusions Over-expression of wild type PTEN and its mutant G129E can inhibit the proliferation of activated HSC, and induce HSC apoptosis through the Bcl-2/Bax pathway. In addition, the effect of wild type PTEN is more powerful than that of G129E.