OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the derma safety of miconazole and chloramphenicol cream (MCC) for Guinea pigs.METHODS:Blank matrix,positive sensitizing agent (2,4-dinitro-chlorobenzene) and MCC (high dose and low dose) were applied on normal or damaged areas of the unhairing backs of Guinea pigs to conduct acute toxicity test,sensitivity test and irritation test,respectively.RESULTS:MCC caused no acute toxicity when applied on the skin of Guinea pigs,nor skin/systemic hypersensitive reaction was noted after repeated sensitization.Single or multiple dosing of MCC caused no irritation on normal skin of Guinea pigs but caused mild irritation on damaged skin which disappeared after 48 h or 72 h.CONCLUSION:MCC has good dermo safety for Guinea pigs.

Objective:To assess the efficacy and safety of Zyrtec drops which is a patent product of UCBpharma in treatment of allergy rhinitis in children. Method :A total of 47 children of both sexes aged between 2 to6 years with allergy rhinitis (AR) were included in this study,who were randomly selected to be treated withZyrtec (Cetirizine 2 HCL) drops 5 mg daily for 3 weeks. Investigators made a global evaluation with symptomscores before treatment and once a week for 3 weeks after treatment. Result:An improvement was shown in eachweek after treatment with statistical significance (P＜0.01). Zyrtec drops provided an excellent improvement atthe end of the study. Tolerance was good. Conclusion :For acting fast ,potent ,good tolerance and convenience inuse,Zyrtec drops is a better treatment in AR in kids.

Gram-negative bacteria are the common pathogens causing nosocomial infections.The drug resistance of gram-negative bacteria has become increasingly serious in last two decades.Carbapenems were once considered as the last line of defense against serious infections of gram-negative pathogens.As carbapenemase-producing strains are spreading, the incidence of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant isolates is increasing worldwide.The pathogens are usually multiple drug resistant strains or extensively drug resistant strains, and effective treatment options are limited, even there are no more drugs in certain conditions.This article focuses on appropriate antibiotics and therapeutic strategies for effective control of infections with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative pathogens.

Objective To explore CT findings of pulmonary non‐tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM ) disease .Methods Forty‐two patients with pulmonary NTM disease confirmed by the biphasic medium flora identification (NTM group) ,and 60 patients with lung tuberculosis (TB group) confirmed by the tubercle bacillus cultivation and flora identification in our hospital were included in the ret‐rospective analysis .9 CT signs and distribution features of the lesions were analyzed and compared between the two groups .The difference was statistically significant if P<0 .05 .Results Pulmonary NTM disease was more common in female patients (χ2=5 .500 ,P=0 .019) ,and the mean age was significantly older than that of the tuberculosis (t=3 .456 ,P=0 .001) .The detection rate in the right middle lobe and left tongue section was high in NTM group than in TB group (χ2 =8 .361 ,P=0 .004) .Logistic regression showed that bronchiectasis and bronchial stenosis or occlusion were independent risk factors for the NTM disease .They were important signs for the differential diagnosis from tuberculosis .Conclusion MSCT findings of pulmonary NTM disease have certain characteristic , which are helpful for the diagnosis .

Objective:To observe the effect of acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate at Zusanli (ST 36) on gastrointestinal function of patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods:Totally 120 patients undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized into an acupoint injection group, a muscular injection group, and a blank control group at 1:1:1 by random number table, 40 cases in each group. The blank control group was intervened by conventional post-operation treatment, the acupoint injection group was by acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate 2 mL at bilateral Zusanli (ST 36) in addition to the treatment given to the blank control group, and the muscular injection group was by muscular injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate 2 mL in addition to the treatment given to the blank control group. The two injection groups both received injection twice a day, totally for 3 d at most. The restored time of bowel sounds, initial flatulence time, defecation time and clinical efficacy were observed. Results:After treatment, there were significant differences in comparing the restored time of bowel sounds among the three groups (F=17.30,P<0.05), the acupoint injection group and muscular injection group were significantly different from the blank control group (P<0.05), and there was a significant difference between the acupoint injection group and muscular injection group (P<0.05); there were significant differences in comparing the initial flatulence time among the three groups (F=19.12,P<0.05), and the acupoint injection group was significantly different from the muscular injection group and the blank control group (P<0.05); there were significant differences in comparing the initial defecation time among the three groups (χ2=21.23,P<0.05), while the difference between the acupoint injection group and muscular injection group was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). The total effective rate was 87.5% in the acupoint injection group, versus 72.5% in the muscular injection group and 60.0% in the blank control group, and there were significant differences among the three groups (P<0.05). Conclusion:Acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate at Zusanli (ST 36) can shorten the restored time of bowel sounds and flatulence time in patients undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and the efficacy is more significant compared to muscular injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate.

Environmental enrichment has become a hot topic in laboratory animal science , which is intended to im-prove the well-being of laboratory animals .This paper reviews the research in this area , focusing especially on the princi-ple and procedure of planning enrichment strategies .The consideration of housing laboratory animals should not only focus solely on animal well-being, manpower and economics , but also on the precision and accuracy of the experimental results . It also introduces the type of environmental enrichment and practice in widespread use currently .

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the measures for the improvement of the pharmaceutical consultation service(PCS) in the outpatient pharmacy in our hospital.METHODS: The records of PCS from June 2006 to March 2007 in our hospital were collected for an analysis in respect of the drug variety consulted and the contents of PCS etc.RESULTS: Of the total drugs consulted,leading the first three places were cerebro-cardiovascular drug(21%),central nervous system drug(15.4%) and antibiotics(12%).Regarding the contents consulted,leading the first were dosage and administration(31.8%).CONCLUSIONS: To improve the quality of PCS,it is necessary to take such measures as to strengthen training among pharmacists,set computer system for the inquiring of drugs and to popularize the knowledge on drug use in the public etc.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics and regularity of antineoplastic medicine-induced adverse drug reaction (ADR) occurred in our hospital. METHODS: 162 antineoplastic medicine-induced ADR cases reported in our hospital from 2005 to 2008 were analyzed statistically in respect of patients’age and sex, categories of drugs, route of administration, drug combination,organs and systems involved in ADR and clinical manifestation, etc. RESULTS: Of the total 162 ADR cases, proportion of men was similar to women. 68 cases (41.98%) were old persons aged older than 60. 123 cases(75.93%) were single use of drugs, 39 cases(24.07%) were combined use of drugs. 39.51% of ADR cases were induced by antineoplastic medicine made from plants and took up the first place in terms of incidence of ADR. 36.42% of ADR cases dominantly manifested as lesion of skin and its appendants. CONCLUSION: ADR monitoring of antineoplastic medicine should be strengthened to ensure rational and standardized use of antineoplastic medicine, avoid or reduce the occurrence of severe ADR.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of amlodipine besylate combined with lisinopril and hydro-chlorothiazide,atorvastatin in the treatment of severe primary hypertension complicating with carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS:90 patients with severe primary hypertension complicating with carotid atherosclerosis were divided into control group (45 cases) and observation group(45 cases)according to random lottery form. Both groups were given Atorvastatin calcium tablet 20 mg/time orally,qd;control group was additionally given Amlodipine besylate tablet 5 mg/time orally,qd;observation group was additional-ly given Lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide tablet 10 mg/time orally,qd,on the basis of control group. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were compared as well as blood pressure level,IMT,PV of carotid atherosclerosis, hs-CRP,TNF-α before and after treatment. The occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS:Total response rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). Before treatment,there were no significant differences in SBP,DBP,IMT,PV,hs-CRP and TNF-α level(P>0.05). After treatment,the levels of SBP,DBP, IMT,PV,hs-CRP and TNF-α level in 2 groups were significantly lower than before;the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR be-tween 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Amlodipine besylate combined with lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide,atorvastatin in the treatment of primary hypertension complicating with carotid atherosclerosis can effectively control the blood pressure level, delay the progression process of carotid atherosclerosis,reduce the inflammatory reaction degree,but dose not increase the occur-rence of ADR with good safety.

C. Conclusion Adequate hemodilution can attenuate the lung injury induced by I/R. The protective effect is better if hemodilution is performed before I/R.