Bipolaris maydis, the causal agent of northern leaf blight of maize, forms a dome-shaped infection structure, an appressorium, to infect its host. To elucidate if calcium signaling pathway is correlated with conidium germination and appressorium formation of Bipolaris maydis induced by hydrophobic surface. Conidia were treated by three kinds of inhibitors. Microscopic examination and statistical data showed: (ⅰ)EGTA, a chelating agent selective for Ca~(2+), Verapamil which could block Ca~(2+) channels, KN93, a selective inhibitor of CaMK could inhibit germination and appressorium formation. (ⅱ)Under the same concentrations of inhibitors, appressorium formation was inhibited more strongly than conidium germination. These inhibitors caused the formation of small and abnormal appressorium. These results strongly suggested that Ca~(2+ )signaling pathway was involved in conidium germination and appressorium formation induced by hydrophobic surface.

In action-oriented teaching,"the action learning" principle was adhered to as far as possible so that learners could learn through action.The author in the ideological and political theory teaching took a series of teaching methods based on philosophy of "action-oriented teaching" and received remarkable results.

Objective To investigate the application effect of cleaning packaging of surgical medical apparatus and instruments in sterilization and supply center of hospital. Methods The first-time qualification rate of cleaning,packaging and sterility test and incidence rate of nosocomial infection before and after the application of cleaning packaging of surgical medical apparatus and instruments in sterilization and supply center of hospital.The application effect was comprehensively evaluated. Results The first-time qualification rate of cleaning,packaging and sterility test after the application of cleaning packaging of surgical medical apparatus and instruments in sterilization and supply center were significantly increased.The incidence rate of nosocomial infection was 1.5％ before and 5.5％ after the application of cleaning packaging of surgical medical apparatus and instruments,the difference was significant. Conclusions Application of cleaning packaging of surgical medical apparatus and instruments in sterilization and supply center can effectively control the cleaning and packaging quality,guarantee the thoroughness of subsequent disinfection and sterilization,decrease the incidence rate of nosocomial infection caused by poor quality of surgical medical apparatus and instruments.It creates reliable medical environment for patients and obtain good social and economic benefit,which is worthy of wide application.

A total of 128 patients with coronary heart disease/angina pectoris who underwent coronary arterial stent implantation were collected in this study between January and December 2002.① At 6-18 months of follow up,coronary artery angiography (CAG) showed that diameter stenosis rate ＞I 50% was considered the restenosis.While,36 out of 128 lesions had restenosis,and the rate was 28.1%.Serum lipoprotein (a) level in the restenosis group was significantly higher than non-restenosis group (P ＜ 0.01).②All patients were divided into high lipoprotein (a) group (the concentration ≥ 230 mg/L) and low lipoprotein (a) group (the concentration ＜ 230 rag/L).Restenosis rate in the high lipoprotein (a) group was significantly higher than low lipoprotein (a) group (P ＜ 0.05).Intravascular ultrasound showed that area and volume of newborn endomembrane in the high lipoprotein (a) group were significantly higher than slow lipoprotein (a) group after coronary arterial stent implantation (P ＜ 0.01).③ Correlation analysis suggested that.lipoprotein (a) was positively correlated with area and volume of newborn plaque (P ＜ 0.05).

Objective To investigate the effect of ?-lipoic acid on the expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells under high glucose concentration. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECV304) were randomized into control (NG) group,high glucose (HG) group and ?-lipoic acid group. Cells in the 3 groups were incubated for 48h with 5.5mmol/L glucose,30mmol/L glucose,30mmol/L glucose + ?-lipoic acid in a series of concentrations (50,100,200?mol/L),respectively. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the supernate was determined by the method of xanthine oxidase,and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured with thiobarbituric acid as the substrate. The level of ICAM-1 in the supernate was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressive levels of ICAM-1 mRNA were determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Compared with the control group,the activity of SOD declined significantly and the contents of MDA and ICAM-1 increased in umbilical vein endothelial cells in HG group (P

Objectives: To study the effect of early enteral nutrition using Fresubin after gastrointestinal operation. Methods:78 postoprative patients were divided into two groups. The jejunostic tube group(A group, n=50) received the enteral nutrition(Fresubin) 6h after operation, and the control group(B group, n=28)received the intravenous infusion and then the oral liquid diet after the bowel movement recovery.The clinical findings,operative complications,blood glucose,the function of liver and kidney,electrolytes and nutritional status were observed. Results:The recovery of bowel movement in group A was much earlier than that in group B(P

Objective To investigate surgical outcomes of treatment of pilon fractures of Ruedi -Allgower types Ⅱ and Ⅲ by raft screws fixation combined with bone grafting.Methods 21 patients with pilon fractures of Ruedi -Allgower types II and Ⅲ received surgery were selected.They were 15 men and 6 women,23 to 68 years of age(average 38.2 years).16 cases were closed and 5 cases open.12 cases were type II and 9 cases type III.Intervals between injury and operation ranged from 7 to 14 days,with 8.5 days on average.All of them were treated with raft screws fixation by plate type L combined with bone grafting.Results All cases were followed up for an average of 12 months(range from 8 to 30 months).Fractures healed from 16 to 24 weeks,with 18.2 weeks on average.According to the Burwell -Charnley radiological criteria,anatomical reduction was achieved in 17 cases,and fair reduction in 4.According to the Mazur clinical criteria,ankle functions were rated as excellent in 8 cases,good in 10 cases,fair in 2 cases and poor in 1 case.The rate of excellent and good was 85.7%.Conclusion Raft screws fixation combined with bone grafting are effective for the pilon fractures of Ruedi -Allgower types II and Ⅲ,preventing articular surface collapse and leading to anatomic reduction,and has stable fixation and early functional rehabilitation.

Objective To investigate ASPS induced G_2/M arrest in lung cancer cell line H446 and its effect on ERK MAP kinase signal transduction pathways. Methods Cell cycle phases were inspected by flow cytometery (FCM) ; Western blot analysis was used to inspect the proteins of ERK, p-ERK. Results Compared with control group, G_2/M phase cells increased with concentration significantly, G_0/G_1 phase cells were not different, G_2/M phase cells and G_0/G_1 phase cells were not different when pre-incubated with PD98059 prior to exposure to ASPS of different concentrations, protein of p-ERK was significantly increased, expression of ERK was no different. Conclusion ASPS may induce G_2/M arrest of H446 cells possibly by activation ERK MAP kinase pathways.

A total of 128 patients with coronary heart disease/angina pectoris who underwent coronary arterial stent implantation were collected in this study between January and December 2002.① At 6-18 months of follow up,coronary artery angiography(CAG) showed that diameter stenosis rate ≥ 50% was considered the restenosis.While,36 out of 128 lesions had restenosis,and the rate was 28.1%.Serum lipoprotein(a) level in the restenosis group was significantly higher than non-restenosis group(P

Objective To explore the effects of mindfulness training combined with regular exercise on quality of life and the cognitive functioning of elderly nursing home residents.Methods Eighty elderly persons with cognitive impairments in a Tangshan nursing home were divided into a control group (40 cases) and a treatment group (40 cases) using a random number table.The control group only took regular exercise; the treatment group also received mindfulness training twice a week,60 min per time,for a total of 12 successive weeks.Cognitive functioning was evaluated with Loewenstein's occupational therapy cognitive assessment battery (LOTCA) ; quality of life was evaluated with a 36 item questionnaire (SF-36); mindfulness was evaluated using the mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS) and mood with a self-rated anxiety scale (SAS).The two groups were tested before treatment and after 12 weeks of treatment.Results After treatment,the scores on each item of the LOTCA and the total LOTCA,MAAS and SAS scores had improved significantly more in the treatment group than in the control group(P ＜0.05).Conclusion Mindfulness training can supplement the effects of regular exercise in improving the quality of life and cognition of elderly nursing home residents.