Lung injury was one of the most complications after extracorporeal circulation. As a result of blood exposure to the surface of the extracorporeal circulation circuit, the complements and leukocytes were activated. The activated neutrophil adhered to endothelial cells and released many inflammatory mediators, as protease, oxygen free radicals, arachidonic acid metabolites. All of these inflammatory mediators caused lung injury. In vivo and in vitro, many studies demonstrated that leukocyte depletion in extracorporeal circulation of heart operation could reduce lung injury and improve lung function. Leukocyte depletion could reduce pulmonary resistance, particularly effective in patients with a low preoperative oxygenation capacity and in those for whom an extended period of extracorporeal circulation was required.

Objective To investigate the effect of inhalation of enflurane in the early pregnancy on the cognitive function in the offsprings of rats. Methods Thirty 8-10 day pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): control group (group C), 4 h inhalation of enflurane group (group E1 ) and 8 h inhalation of enflurane group (group E2). Group E1 and E2 inhaled 1.7% entlurane (in O2 2 L/min) for 4 and 8 h respectively, while group C inhaled oxygen 2 L/min for 8 h. The learning and memory functions of the offsprings were assessed at 20 and 30 days after birth by Morris water maze test. Results Compared with group C, the escape latency was significantly prolonged, the frequency of crossing the original platform was significantly decreased and the staying time at the original platform quadrant was significantly shortened at 3-5 days after the test in group E1 and E2 ( P ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference in the indexes metioned above between group E1 and E2 ( P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Inhalation of enflurane in the early pregnancy can result in cognitive dysfunction in the offsprings of the rats.

Objective To observe the differences in functional areas of the brain in response to two different acupuncture techniques using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).Methods Deqi and non-deqi acupuncture were performed on twenty healthy right-handed volunteers.fMRI was conducted in the process of acupuncture.The experiment adopted a single-chunk design and the procedure contained periods of stimulation and rest.The brain regions stimulated during deqi and non-deqi acupuncture were assessed using xjview software.Results After acupuncture at the Zusanli point (ST36),differences in activity were observed between the deqi and non-deqi groups in the language,sports,perception and limbic systems.Conclusions ①Under deqi conditions,acupuncture at ST36 increases circulation and the activation of brain areas dealing with language,sports,perception and the limbic system.This may be one of the mechanisms by which acupuncture can improve aphasia,coordination and perception.②Under deqi conditions acupuncture at ST36 decreases circulation and deactivates brain areas associated with the limbic system.This may explain acupuncture's analgesia and regulation of autonomic nerve and endocrine function,its amelioration of internal organ functions and regulation of immunologic function.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of ?-schizandrin,one of the effective ingredients,in Shuangjia Wuling capsules METHODS:The RP-HPLC method was performed with YWG C18 column(4 6mm?250mm) The mobile phase consisted of methanol-water(72∶28) The detecting wavelength was 254nm RESULTS:The calibration curve for ?-schizandrin was linear in the range of 0 0 207～0 4 130mg/ml(r=0 9 999) The average recovery was 97 68% with RSD=1 85% CONCLUSION:The method is simple,rapid and reliable for quality control of the capsules

Objective To Summarize the application of digital artery dorsal distal interphalangeal joint perforator flap to repair finger tip skin defect,and at the same time,the method and effect of anastomosis of finger dorsal branch of digital nerve sensory reconstruction.Methods From September 2012 to March 2015,78 patients 92 fingers were treated in Orthopedics Department of Jinshan Branch Hospital of the Sixth People′s Hospital of Shanghai,all patients with finger artery distal interphalangeal joint dorsal cutaneous branches of the dorsal flap pedicled with retrograde,transferred to repair the skin defect of finger end,and anastomosis of dorsal branch of the proper digital nerve reconstruction.Results Postoperative vascular crisis occurred in 8 cases,2 cases of partial flap necrosis and healed after symptomatic treatment.All flaps survived,the wounds healed in I stage,and the donor site healed in I stage.All the 73 cases were followed up,the follow-up period ranged from 3.0 to 12.0 months,an average of (7.8±2.5) months.The postoperative appearance and feel good,soft texture,abrasion resistance,no tenderness,cold resistance,dynamic two-point recovered to 4.0-8.0 mm,average (5.3±0.9) mm.Static two-point discrimination was 4.0-9.0 mm,average (5.8±1.2) mm.The method of TAM was used to determine the function of the 67 fingers,good for the 7 finger,but also for the 5 finger and the difference of the 0 finger.The excellent and good rate was up to 93.7%.Conclusion The operation without sacrifice of major arteries and nerves by finger,the middle finger dorsal skin for non functional surface area,and at the same time by anastomosis of dorsal branch of the proper digital nerve reconstruction,without surgery two times,is one of the ideal surgical repair of skin defect of the finger end.

Purpose Using quantitative morphometric techniques, To analyzse the developmental characteristics of pulmonary arterial and alveolar with a porcine model of cyanotic congenital heart defect with decreased pulmonary blood flow that we had established. Methods Lung biopsy specimens were taken from animals of control ( C) and cyanosis ( D) groups and than sectioned and stained. The morphological observation and the method of half-quantitative morphometric technique were applied to measure the following char-acteristics:the media thickness ( MT) and the percentage of media thickness ( MT%) , the media section area ( MS%) and the per-centage of media section area ( MS) , the numbers of micro-arteries per square centimeter ( APSC) . In addition, we calculated the ratio of CMA, PMA and NMA in the same section of lung biopsy specimens. Results There showed universally distended, irregular and thin-walled vessels in the lung biopsy specimens of group D under the light microscope. There was an increased number of pulmonary arteries whose media were hypoplastic. The MT, MT% and MS, MS% in group D were significantly less than those of group C ( all P<0. 001), the APSC was also less in group D than in group C (P<0. 01), but MAN were not significantly different between two groups (P>0. 05). Electron microscopy revealed endothelial swell and irregularity, a thinned basement membrane, a disorganized or disrupted elastic fibers layer. The smooth muscle of vascular media shrunk. In addition to these, other changes included the mitochon-drion vacuolization, a diminished cellular organelle and type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial hyperplasia. Conclusion The pulmonary vessels are evidently hypoplastic or degenerated in cyanotic congenital heart defect with decreased pulmonary blood flow, and the function is thought to be influenced by the morphological changes. To promote the pulmonary artery growth and improve this pathophysiological state, it is critical to increase the pulmonary blood flow.

Non-coding RNA refers to a class of RNAs that cannot encode proteins, and they play a very important role in regulating cellular activities. Pulmonary arteryhypertension is a group of diseases characterized by progressive elevation of pulmonary vascular pressure. Its pathogenesis is complex and its influencing factors are numerous. The study found that non-coding RNA, as a transcription product that does not participate in translational functions, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of patients with pulmonary arteryhypertension. With regard to the more well-studied and relatively mature circRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs in non-coding RNAs, this article review the pathophysiological processes involved in the formation of pulmonary arteryhypertension.

Objective To analyze and summarize the applicative experience and operative effective of the diaguostictreatment-repair strategy in the transpossion of great arteries(TGA) infants with ventricular septal defect and severe pulmonary hypertension more than 6 months.Methods From January 2010 to October 2011,17 TGA cases with ventricular septal defect and severe pulmonary hypertension.There were 13 male and 4 female.≥0.5-＜ 1.0 years old 6 cases,≥ 1.0-＜ 3.0 years old 3,≥3.0 years old 8 cases.Combine anomalies: patent ductus arteriosus in 6 cases,atrial septal defect in 5 cases,valve insufficency in 2 cases.All preoperative cases were performed echocardiography,right-sided heart catheterization 3 cases,coronary CT examinationll cases.After diagnostic-treatment 2-4 weeks,all cases performed arterial switch operation under compound intravenous and inhaled anesthesia.Results No operative death.After diagnotic-treatment,SPO2 improved 10％-21％,and mPAP decreased 10-20 mm Hg.Follow-up 11.2 (6,20) months,one dead.Postoperative residual pulmonary arterial hypertension in 35.29％,6/17cases,all of them were ≥3 years old.Continue to pulmonary arterial hypertension targeted drugs treatment for 6-20 months later,pulmonary artery pressure decreased obviously.Conclusion The TGA infants with ventricular septal defect pulmonary arterial hypertension more than 6 months,can be selectively performed arterial switch operation under went diagnostic-treatment-repair strategy,continue to pulmonary arterial hypertension targeted drug therapy postoperation,the effect is good.

ObjectiveContrast research the operative effect of the pulmonary artery banding (PAB) in the congenital heart disease with pulmonary artery hypertension,underwent the single ventricle repair procedure in different age.Methods 49 cases,male 31 and female 18.Age (7.8 ± 3.8 ) years old,weight ( 8.82 ± 4.24) kg,percutaneous blood oxygen saturation ( SPO2 ) 0.90 ± 0.04,preoperative mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) ( 54.6 ± 16.8 ) mm Hg.single ventricle 13cases,tricuspid atresia 12 cases,double outlet of right ventricle with left ventricular dysplasia 11 cases,tricuspid stenosis 5 cases,ventricular imbalance type complete atrioventricular canal defect 5 cases and cross heart cases 3 cases.divided into three groups:≤0.5 years old of 17 cases,0.5 to 2.0 years old of 17 cases,≥2.0 years old 15 cases.All cases taken PAB under anesthesia and cpb,inhaled oxygen concentration 40％,SPO2 0.85,MPAP 20 mmHg.comparatively analysis postoperative SPO2,MPAP,Ventilator using time,ICU stay time and operation mortality of the three groups.ResultsThe postoperative PAP obviously decreased.Three groups of postoperative SPO2,mPAP,ventilator using time,ICU stay time were not significantly different.More than were followed up 6-72 months,1 cases ( 1-2 months) dead in aspiration two months postoperation.the other three cases had been completed Glenn and/or Fontan.ConclusionPAB can effectively reduce the pulmonary artery pressure in the different age children with congenital heart disease and pulmonary artery hypertension,the effect is good.more than 2 years old children still PAB feasible operation,and likely to complete the Glenn and/or Fontan procedure.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of calcium dobesilate on the ultrastructure of glomerular basement membrane(GBM)in diabetic rats.METHODS:30rats underwent unilateral nephrectomy,of whom,10were assigned to the normal control group(group NC),another20were induced to diabetic models(DM)by intraperitoneal injection of1%STZ,the models which have finished were divided into DM control group and calcium dobesilate group(group DD),each group admin?istered with distilled water and calcium dobesilate respectively,12weeks later,the change in the ultrastructure of kidneys and endogenous creatinine clearance rate(CrCl)in each group were observed.RESULTS:After12weeks,endogenous CrCl in group DD was significantly higher than that in group DM;Electron microscope showed that thickening of glomerular capillary basement membrane in group DD was less than that in group DM.CONCLUSION:Calcium dobesilate could improve the ul?trastructure in kidney of diabetic rats,prevent GBM thickening,and protect filtration barrier of renal glomerulus.