Objective: To analyze the equity of benefit which residents with different income get from Urban Employee Medical Insurance ( UEMI) and New Rural Cooperative Medical System (NCMS). Methods: Data used in this study is based on the forth household health service survey in Shanxi province. The indirectly standardization method and concentration index were employed to analyze the horizontal inequity index of benefit rate and benefit degree. Results:The horizontal inequity index of benefit rate and benefit degree in UEMI are 0.0524 and 0.0025, and the horizontal inequity index of benefit rate and benefit degree in NCMS are 0.2312 and 0.3228. Conclusion: The urban residents get the equal benefit from UEM, and there were pro-rich horizontal inequities of benefit rate and benefit degree in NCMS.

Objective To investigate clinical effect of limited decompression under endoscope combined with percutaneous transpedicular screw fixation for treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.Methods Thirty-four senile patients with lower lumbar spinal stenosis were selected as our subjects from February 2010 to August 2011,and were treated with limited decompression under endoscope combined with percutaneous transpedicular screw fixation through posterior approach.The VAS scores of all patients were collected at the four periods including pre-operation,leaving hospital,3 months after operation,and the last follow-up.The therapeutic effectiveness for the postoperative follow-up was expressed as excellent,good,ordinary,and poor according to Nakai standard.Results The VAS scores at pre-operation,leaving hospital,3 month after operation,and the last follow-up were (7.9 ± 1.6),(2.9 ± 1.4),(1.9 ± 1.9),(2.4 ± 1.5)respectively,and the difference was significant (F =13.524,P =0.036).But no significant differences of VAS scores at three sequential tests after operation were observed (P ＞ 0.05).In the last postoperative follow-up,32 cases were graded as excellent,1 cases for good and 1 case for ordinary,and the excellent rate reached to 97％.Conclusion The therapeutic effectiveness of lumbar spinal stenosis limited decompression under endoscope combined with percutaneous transpedicular screw fixation is reliable.Furthermore,no side effects on spine and back muscles are observed.

The purpose of this study is to explore depression metabolic markers in rat hippocampus and to investigate the anti-depressant effect of genipin and its mechanisms using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabonomics. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) procedure was conducted to establish the depressive rat model. At the beginning of the third week, genipin low dose (25 mg x kg(-1)), middle dose (50 mg x kg(-1)), high dose (100 mg x kg(-1)), and venlafaxine (50 mg x kg(-1)) were given to the CUMS rats separately once daily for two weeks except control and model groups. Rat hippocampus was analyzed by 1H NMR based metabonomics after drug administration for 2 weeks. Significant differences in the metabolic profile of rat hippocampus of the CUMS treated group and the control group were observed with metabolic effects of CUMS including decreasing in glycine and N-acetylaspartate, increasing in inositol, glutamate, lactate, glutamine, taurine and alanine. Genipin showed ideal antidepressive effects at a dose of 50 mg x kg(-1) in rats, decrease of inositol, glutamate, lactate, alanine were observed, while glycine and N-acetylaspartate were increased. Important influence has been found on normal nervous system function of these significant changed metabolites, which suggests that the antidepressant effect of genipin may be played by enhancing the activity of neurons in hippocampus, repairing and improving the function of the neuron. The metabonomics approach is an effective tool for the investigation of the anti-depressant effect and pharmacologic mechanisms of genipin.

AIM: Tissue engineered periosteum fabricated by porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) combined with rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), are similar to the natural periosteum in the morphology, structure and function. The study was designed to explore the cell attachment in process of constructing tissue-engineered periosteum by different wetting methods to determine the most effective method of fabricating tissue-engineered periosteum. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Institute of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University from September 2005 to March 2007.①Two New Zealand purebred rabbits, 20 days old, were used in this study.②Bone marrow was obtained from healthy rabbits, and BMSCs were isolated by using density gradient centrifugation for culture in vitro. After induction, BMSCs were seeded to SIS wetted with fetal bovine serum (experimental group) and pretreated with phosphate buffered saline (control group), to construct the tissue-engineered periosteum that was cultured for two weeks in vitro. ③The adhesion rates were calculated, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was detected after seeding. The growth, dissociation and proliferation of the cells were observed by inverted microscope and scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: ①At 5 hours and 12 hours after seeding, the adhesion rates were higher in the experimental group than in the control group [(57.34?2.23)%, (39.16?5.22)%, P

Objective: To analyze the correlation between the polymorphism on interleukin 6 (IL-6) gene promoter region-174 locus and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), including the susceptibility, the bracing effectiveness, and the possible mechanism. Methods: The 182 AIS patients and 210 healthy controls who met the inclusion criteria between January 2013 and January 2016 were collected as research objects. The genotype of IL-6 gene promoter region-174 locus, the serum IL-6, the bone mineral density (BMD) of femoral neck and vertebrae (L 1-4), and the bone metabolism parameters, including bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), bone gla protein (BGP), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b), urine Ca, and urine Ca/Cr, were detected. All research objects were divided into the AIS group and the control group according to whether they had AIS, the GG, CG, CC groups according to their genotype, and progression-free group and progression group according to the therapeutic effectiveness of 1-year bracing treatment. Statistical analysis for the indexes were conducted respectively. Results: There were significant differences in AIS history, BMD of femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae between the AIS group and control group ( P<0.05). According to the therapeutic effecitveness of 1-year bracing treatment, 182 AIS patients were divided into progression-free group in 110 cases and progression group in 72 cases. The results of single factor analysis showed that there were significant differences in the genotype and allele distribution of IL-6 gene promoter region-174 locus, BMD of femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae, IL-6, TRACP-5b, urine Ca, and urine Ca/Cr between the progression-free group and progression group ( P<0.05). The results of multivariable analysis showed that the BMD of lumbar vertebrae, TRACP-5b, and urine Ca were the influencing factors of bracing efficacy ( P<0.05). According to the results of genotype detection, all research objects were divided into GG group in 264 cases, CG group in 104 cases, and CC group in 24 cases. The IL-6, TRACP-5b, urine Ca, and urine Ca/Cr of GG type carriers were higher and BMD of femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae were lower when compared with the CG and CC type carriers ( P<0.05). The BMD of lumbar vertebrae of CG type carriers was lower than that of CC type carriers ( P<0.05). Conclusion: The polymorphism of IL-6 genepromoter region-174 locus wasn't correlated with the AIS susceptibility, but it was correlated (not independently correlated) with the scoliosis progression under bracing treatment, and the risk for G-carried patients was higher. The mechanism may be that the polymorphism affected the IL-6 expression level and eventually affected the BMD of AIS patients through the bone metabolism.

The present study aims to predict the action targets of antidepressant active ingredients of Xiaoyaosan to understand the "multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways" mechanism. Using network pharmacology, the reported antidepressant active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan (saikosaponin A, saikosaponin C, saikosaponin D, ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, atractylenolide I, atractylenolide II, atractylenolide III, paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid and pachymic acid), were used to predict the targets of main active ingredients of Xiaoyaosan according to reversed pharmacophore matching method. The prediction was made via screening of the antidepressive drug targets approved by FDA in the DrugBank database and annotating the information of targets with the aid of MAS 3.0 biological molecular function software. The Cytoscape software was used to construct the Xiaoyaosan ingredients-targets-pathways network. The network analysis indicates that the active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan involve 25 targets in the energy metabolism-immune-signal transmutation relevant biological processes. The antidepressant effect of Xiaoyaosan reflects the features of traditional Chinese medicine in multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways. This research provides a scientific basis for elucidation of the antidepressant pharmacological mechanism of Xiaoyaosan.

Objective: To investigate mechanism on the restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with FSZ (Hirudo, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Curcumae, Rhizoma Polygonati Odoroti, etc) by studying the protective effects of FSZ on arrhythmia and injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion.Methods:Rats were randomly divided into four groups and administered orally with FSZ. Left coronary artery ligature was used to form ischemia and reperfusion model. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), area of myocardial infarction, myocyte ultrastructural injury and occurrence of arrhymia were investigated.Results: FSZ could improve the changes in ST segment. In rats treated with FSZ, the levels of SOD were elevated while cAMP, LPO, and the specific viscosity of whole blood or plasma and the aggregation of the platelet were lowered, keep to improving the hemorheological changes. It also could antagonize the myocardial damage by myocardial ischemia or reperfusion reduced the area of myocardial infarction. Especially, Fufangshuizhijing Capsule reduced the area of left ventricular (LV) compared with the control group remarkably.Conclusion: FSZ could obviously antagonize arrhythmia and the injury induced by the ischemia and reperfusion, FSZ may scavenge oxygen free radical, regulate the second messenger, remarkably improve the local circulation to reduce the specific viscosity of whole blood of plasma and the aggregation of the platelet in rats, protect mitochondria safeguard the cardiac myocyte to treat PTCA.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of implicit memory and its related factors in schizophrenic patients with negative and positive symptoms.Methods:Ninety-three schizophrenic patients (including 52 cases of negative symptoms group and 41 cases of positive symptoms group) and 30 normal controls (normal group) were tested with the method of Chinese character word completion method. The reaction time and correct rate were recorded and compared with analysis of variance and t-test, and the correlation with demographic factors was analyzed with Pearson correlation analysis. Results:Accuracy of implicit memory test in schizophrenia group: there were statistically significant differences in the accuracy of patients with different course of disease (≤5 years: (38±5)%, 5-15 years: (34±8)%, ≥15 years: (34±7)%, P<0.05).The differences were statistically significant in the accuracy of patients with different education levels(primary school: (35±6)%, junior and senior high school: (34±7)%, secondary college education and above: (39±5)%, P<0.05).The accuracy of patients with education years < 10 years ((34±7)%) was significantly lower than those with education years ≥10 years ((37±6)%, P<0.05).Reaction time results of implicit memory test in schizophrenia group : there were significant differences in reaction time of patients with different disease course(≤5 years: (3 248±971)ms, 5-15 years: (3 515±672)ms, ≥15 years: (3 925±842)ms, P<0.05).The differences were statistically significant in the reaction time of workers ((3 495±712)ms), farmers ((3 870±878)ms) and soldiers ((3 024±924)ms, P<0.05).The reaction time of patients with clozapine ((3 869±871)ms) was significantly higher than that of patients with olanzapine ((3 393±626)ms, P<0.05).Intergroup results of accuracy: the accuracy of normal control group ((40±5)%) was significantly higher than that of negative symptom group ((33±7)%, P<0.01).The accuracy of negative symptom group was significantly lower than that of positive symptom group ((37±6)%, P<0.01).Intergroup reaction time results: the reaction time of normal control group ((2 660±667)ms) was significantly lower than that of negative symptom group ((3 678±951)ms, P<0.01) and positive symptom group ((3 072±865)ms, P<0.05).The reaction time of negative symptom group ((3 678±951)ms)was significantly higher than that of positive symptom group( P<0.01).There was significant negative correlation between the accuracy of implicit memory and the course of disease in schizophrenia ( r=-0.22, P<0.05). Conclusion:The implicit memory of schizophrenic patients is related to the course of disease, taking drugs, and occupation.There may have differences in implicit memory between patients with negative and positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

Malnutrition is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). The therapeutic role of nutrition has attracted more and more attention in the development of IBD. In recent years, researches have demonstrated that nutrition support has its unique advantages in improving patients nutritional status and reducing adverse events, and it has been recommended as the first line therapy in children with active Crohn disease. Since there are no standardized guidelines of nutritional support therapy worldwide, this article is to review the relationship between nutrition and IBD, the choice of nutritional therapy mode, the duration of the nutritional treatment and evaluation of therapeutic effects based on Expert Consensus on Nutrition Support Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2013·Shenzhen).
Child ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; therapy ; Nutritional Status ; Nutritional Support