A questionnaire survey aimed to explore the ECs'current status is conducted in three-level hospitals of Tianjin, the existing questions and reasons of ECs in China are analyzed.

Objective To understand outpatients' mastering situation on cognition and maintenance knowledge of venous indwelling needle, to promote the proper use and maintenance of venous indwelling needle in outpatients. Methods A questionnaire survey was done among 135 patients with venous indwelling needle. Results Patients showed higher cognition on venous indwelling needle,poorer maintenance knowledge andmisunderstanding,and higher expectations on nurses' health education.Conclusions Nurses should do a goodjob of health education on the knowledge and maintenance guidance of venous indwelling needle to outpatients,to further promote its application,and to ensure the correct use of indwelling needle.