1.Quantitative analysis of β thromboglobulin level in patients with coronary heart disease complicated dif-ferent complications
Jian XIE ; Zhenjian ZHANG ; Xianping HUA ; Chuanbin CAO ; Jin QIAN ; Zhongxin QIN ; Junqiu PENG
Chinese Journal of cardiovascular Rehabilitation Medicine 2016;25(2):195-197
Objective:To compare serum level of β thromboglobulin in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated different complications.Methods:According to their complications,a total of 398 patients with unsta- ble angina pectoris (UAP)were divided into pure UAP group (UAP control group,n=82),hypertension group (n=89),diabetes mellitus (DM)group (n=133)and brain infarction group (n=94).Serum level of β thromboglobu- lin were measured and compared among four groups 6h after onset and before discharge.Incidence of myocardial in- farction within six months were followed up in four groups.Results:On 6h after onset,the serum level of β throm- boglobulin of brain infarction group,DM group,hypertension group,UAP control group was (61.13±3.32)ng/ml,(59.77±3.15)ng/ml,(52.12±3.27)ng/m, (48.55±3.14)ng/ml respectively,in which the level of brain infarction group was the highest,the difference between any two groups were significant (P<0.01 all);Compared with 6h after onset,there were significant reductions in serum levels of β thromboglobulin of four groups before dis- charge P<0.01 all,their ordering and difference significant degree were no change.The incidence of myocardial infarction (MI)in brain infarction group,DM group,hypertension group,UAP control group was 11.7%,6.0%, 3.4%,2.4% respectively,the MI incidence of brain infarction group was significant more than that of UAP con- trol group,the differences among other groups was no significant,P>0.05.Conclusion:β-thromboglobulin level during UAP onset is significant higher than that of remission period,and it rises most significantly in brain infarction group,and in this group the percentage of myocardial infarction occurred within six months is highest
2.Redefinition to bilayer osmotic pump tablets as subterranean river system within mini-earth via three-dimensional structure mechanism.
Abi MAHARJAN ; Hongyu SUN ; Zeying CAO ; Ke LI ; Jinping LIU ; Jun LIU ; Tiqiao XIAO ; Guanyun PENG ; Junqiu JI ; Peter YORK ; Balmukunda REGMI ; Xianzhen YIN ; Jiwen ZHANG ; Li WU
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022;12(5):2568-2577
Defining and visualizing the three-dimensional (3D) structures of pharmaceuticals provides a new and important tool to elucidate the phenomenal behavior and underlying mechanisms of drug delivery systems. The mechanism of drug release from complex structured dosage forms, such as bilayer osmotic pump tablets, has not been investigated widely for most solid 3D structures. In this study, bilayer osmotic pump tablets undergoing dissolution, as well as after dissolution in a desiccated solid state were examined, and visualized by synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SR-μCT). In situ formed 3D structures at different in vitro drug release states were characterized comprehensively. A distinct movement pattern of NaCl crystals from the push layer to the drug layer was observed, beneath the semi-permeable coating in the desiccated tablet samples. The 3D structures at different dissolution time revealed that the pushing upsurge in the bilayer osmotic pump tablet was directed via peripheral "roadways". Typically, different regions of the osmotic front, infiltration region, and dormant region were classified in the push layer during the dissolution of drug from tablet samples. According to the observed 3D microstructures, a "subterranean river model" for the drug release mechanism has been defined to explain the drug release mechanism.