OBJECTIVE To investigate the pre-operation and/or pre-transfusion testing on patients to avoid risk of(occupational) infection exposure among medical staff and its significance in prevention of nosocomial infection.METHODS Serum hepatitis B(virus surface) antigen(HBsAg),antibody against hepatitis C virus(anti-HCV),(antibody) against human(immunodeficiency) virus(anti-HIV) and toluidine red unheatedserum test(TRUST) were performed on samples from 10 745 cases of pre-operation and/or pre-transfusion from 2003 to 2004.RESULTS The number and(percentage) of positive reaction for HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-HIV and TRUST were 1163,(10.81%);21,0.20%;1,0.01%(confirmed by HIV Reference Laboratory,Center for Disease Prevention and(Control) of Zhejiang Province) and 74,(0.69%),respectively.TRUST positivity was further confirmed with TPHA.(Overlapping) infections were mostly observed between HBV and HCV,or,to a less scale,between HBV and syphilis.For HBV infection the(department) of digestive medicine was prevalent(?~2=4.77,P

To summarize the clinical data of two cases with severe hyponatremia diagnosed as adrenal insuffiency combined with syndrome of inappropriate secret on of antidiuretic hormone(SIADH),and to review related literatures.Case 1 diagnosed as Addison's disease for 27 years and developed severe hyponatremia again but did not response well to sufficient glucocorticoid.Further examination showed SIADH caused by lung cancer and tolvaptan worked well.Case 2 was diagnosed as SIADH caused by lung cancer and responsed well to tolvaptan.However,hyponatremia reoccurred with the decreasing level of ACTH and cortisol during the chemotherapy.It was thought that hyponatremia was caused by drug-related adrenal insuffiency and glucocorticoid replacement therapy achieved good response.Both primary/secondary adrenal insuffiency and SIADH can lead to severe hyponatremia,but it is rare that the two situations exist in one patient and occur in different time.We should consider the possibility of the situations when we make differential diagnosis of refractory hyponatremia,monitoring the curative effects carefully,then correct the diagnosis timely,and reduce missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of observing the differences of GSK‐3βprotein expression and activity lev‐el in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and healthy people .Methods Using ELISA to detect the GSK‐3βprotein expression and activity levels of people who contained 30 patients with type 2 diabetes whose blood glu‐cose were not controlled (test group 1) ,30 cases of patients with type 2 diabetes whose blood glucose were controlled (test group 2) and 30 cases of healthy human and all the data were analyzed .Results The GSK‐3βprotein content of Type 2 diabetes mellitus group was higher than the control group(P<0 .05) ,the activity level of GSK‐3βin test group 1 was higher than the control group and test group(P<0 .05) .The GSK‐3β protein content of test group 2 was higher than the control group(P< 0 .05) .The male GSK‐3βactivity level in the test group 1 was higher than the men′s in the control group(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The GSK‐3βprotein content has a high expression in the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients .After drug treatment ,the patients ,who have controlled the blood glu‐cose effectively ,still showes high expression of the GSK‐3βprotein content ,but the activity levels showes a significant decline .In male pa‐tients with type 2 diabetes blood sugar in the control group of GSK‐3βshowes significantly higher activity level .

Objective To comparisom five methods of detection of eosinophil cells,in order to analyze the precision of the five methods.Methods The eosinophil cells of 100 patients were tested by using microscope、BC T5difft and flow cytometry are(0.249 ±0.112) × 109/L,(0.253 ±0.105) × 109/L,(0.252 ±0.103) × 109/L,(0.256 ±0.104) × 109/L and(0.259 ±0.101) × 109/L.There are no statistical differences(F = 1.225,P＞0.10)among the five methods.Conclusion The results of the five methods are all accurate;the automatic analyzer method and the flow cytometry method are simple and repeatable,but the equipment and reagents are more expensive;the microscope direct counting method is more complicated and less repeatable.

Adrenal hemangioma is a rare neoplasm.The clinical data of a case of adrenal cavernous hemangioma and review of related literatures are herewith presented.Adrenal cavernous hemangioma is often nonfunctioning and benign.CT and MRI show the features of hemangioma.The treatment depends on the size of the mass,and the diagnosis is based on pathology.

Diabetes insipidus ( DI) could lead to urinary tract dilatation, even renal dysfunction. This study compared clinical features of DI with or without urinary tract dilatation. The results showed that the former had earlier onset age, more male patients, longer duration, and higher serum creatinine, as well as lower urine osmotic pressure and urine specific gravity after injection of vasopressin. But only disease duration was the independent risk factor (OR=1. 248). More nephrogenic DI and more hereditary DI were with urinary tract dilatation compared with central DI or acquired DI.

AIM: To observe the different changes of neuroendocrine systems between the state of sport fatigue and poverty of movement. METHODS: 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, sport fatigue model group and poverty of movement model group (20 rats in each group). The sport fatigue model was established by the method of combining basal diet and loaded swimming during 2 weeks, whereas the method of restricted activities was used to establish the poverty of movement model with total experimental time of 10 weeks. By the end of experiment, the climbing pole time was determined. The contents of hypothalamus thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), and serum norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) in rats with different treatments were determined by ELISA. In addition, the changes of hypothalamus corticotropin release hormone (CRH), pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and serum corticosterone (CORT), triiodothyronine (T_3), tetraiodothyronine (T_4) were determined by radioimmunoassay to evaluate the functions of adrenergic nerve-adrenomedullin system, hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. RESULTS: Compared to control group, the climbing pole time of the animals was obviously decreased in two model group. The adrenergic nerve-adrenomedullin system and HPA axis were inhibited in sport fatigue model rats, but HPT axis was unchanged. Interestingly, the HPA axis was hyperfunctional and HPT axis was inhibited in poverty of movement model rats. However, no change in the adrenergic nerve-adrenomedullin system was observed. CONCLUSION: Sport fatigue and poverty of movement all affect neuroendocrine system and lead to the adjustment mechanism imbalance, but the target and tendency are different.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of stereotactic body radiotherapy combined with coinstan taneous gemcitabine,and gemcitabine alone for advanced pancreatic cancer.Methods56 advanced pancreatic cancer patients were assigned into observation group,which accepted stereotactic body radiotherapy combined with coinstantaneous gemcitabine 500 mg/m2,d1,d8.Other 50 patients were assigned into the control group which only accepted gemcitabine 1 000 mg/m2,d1,d8,d15.Stereotactic body radiotherapy was delivered with a total dose of 4 000-4 500 cGy in 10 fractions.ResultsCT examinations were carried out 2 months after treatment.The response rate of the observation group and control group was 82％ and 16％ respectively,and the pain relief rate was 67％ and 17％ respectively.The time to progression of the observation group was 14 months,and was better than that of the control group(7.5 months,x2 =7.31,P =0.032).The median survival time of the observation group and control group was 15.8 months and 13.2 months,and the difference had no statistical significance(x2 =3.28,P =0.082).ConcolusionStereotactic body radiotherapy combined with gemcitabine has a better overall response rate and a pain relief rate.It can prolong the time to progression,but can't improve the overall survival.

Objective To investigate the effect of PGC-1 on hepatic glucose metabolism of type 2 diabetes by observing its changes in the liver of OLETF rats. Methods OLETF rats were observed,even-aged LETO rats were controled. Oral glucose tolerance test, Fasting Insulin, triglyceride and total cholesterol were measured and then the protein level of PGC-1 , phosphoenolpyruvate earboxykinase and uncoupling protein 2 of liver tissue were detected by Western blot respectively in 8,18 and 28 weeks. Results (1)OLETF rats had significantly higher levels than LETO rats, in body weight, OGTT2h blood glucose and TG at 18th, 28th week. The levels of Fasting Insulin of OLETF rats were higher while insulin sensitive index were lower than that of LETO rats at 28th week. (2)Protein expressions in the livers: PGC-1 of OLETF rats was lower than that of LETO rats at 18th and 28th week. PEPCK of OLETF rats was more while UCP2 was lower than that of LETO rats at 28th week. Conclusions OLETF rats showed pathological phenotypes of type 2 diabetes. The changes of PGC-1 , PEPCK and UCP2 in 28-weeks OLETF rat suggested that PGC-1 plays an important role in the liver glycometabolism in type 2 diabetes.

Han Jiangbo. Department of Theoretical Mechanics, Luoyang Industry College. Luoyang Since January 1982 we have relocated the insertion of a part of pectoralis major or deltoid muscle in the treatment of 5 cases of habitual dislocation of shoulder. After over a year of follow-up no recurrence of dislocation has been found in all the cases. The shoulder joint seemed to be stable, the range of movements increased, and disturbance in supination was corrected. The operative procedure was studied in fresh cadavers and human skeleton. Studies on mechanical model of shoulder joint, with theoretical calculation of changes in pronation after muscle displacement, showed that movements of pronation were remarkably increased after displacement of partial pectoralis major and deltoideus. It could also compensate the weatened subscapularis.