Objective: To evaluate the CT features of renal pseudotumors and the differential diagnosis with renal carcinomas and other benign tumors, emphasis on the origin of pseudotumors and the factors liable to be misdiagnosed.Methods:Unenhanced and enhanced spiral CT findings in 23 cases of renal mass were retrospectively evaluated.13 of them(inflammatory pseudotumor, 5 cases;Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis,2 cases;granulomatous inflammation,1 case;liparomphalus hyperplasia,1case;fibroangiolipoid hyperplasia,1 case;adenomyosis,1 case;and hematomas,2 cases) were resected and pathologically confirmed.The others\ were diagnosed by IA-DSA or followed up after the treatment.Results:Most inflammatory and hyperplasia diseases appeared as a solid or solid-cystic heterogeneous mass,with an ill-defined margin;Calcification or fat tissues sometimes could be seen.After intravenous administration of iodinated contrast media,the solid components enhanced mildly or moderately.Cystic components,infiltration of fatty renal capsule and thickening of renal fascia could be seen.Hematomas and aneurysms appeared as isoattenuation to hyperattenuation lesions,with a well-demarcated margin.Aneurysms demonstrated intense enhancement similar to the abdominal aorta.Acute hematomas could enhanced mildly.Conclusion:CT is helpful to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of renal pseudotumors.

Objective To know the pollution status and the cytotoxicity of PM2.5 in Hangzhou,Zhejiang.Methods PM2.5 was collected in the center of Hangzhou city in spring and summer in 2005,the weighting method was used for PM 2.5 collection.WI-38 cell line was used as the target and the cells were treated with PM2.5 at different doses.The cytotoxicity of PM2.5 was tested by cloning efficiency.Results According to the Air Quality Standard for PM2.5 of U.S.EPA(issued in 1997),it was showed that the rates exceeding standard of PM2.5 concentration in spring and summer were 96.7% and 90.0%,respectively,but the rates were 33.3% and 20.0% compared with the standard newly issued in 2006.WI-38 cell survival rate was 100%,99.6%,96.2%,85.0%,73.8%,54.6% and 100%,97.0%,96.9%,88.0%,83.0%,64.7% respectively when treated with PM2.5 in spring and in summer of 0,25,50,100,200,500 ?g/ml.There was a significant difference except 25 ?g/ml and 50 ?g/ml in summer.Conclusion There is an obvious PM2.5 pollution in Hangzhou,which is heavier in spring than in summer,the cytotoxicity of PM2.5 in the polluted air may be higher.

Objective To discuss the application of DWI and DTI in diagnosis and evaluation of brain tumor. Methods Combining with literatures, the application of DWI and DTI in brain tumor diagnosis, differential diagnosis, tumors classi- fication, preoperative evaluation, operation plan establishment, follow-up role of treatment were reviewed and evaluated. Results The DWI and DTI were available to brain tumor diagnosis, differential diagnosis and tumor grade. The DTI could be clearly shown the influence of tumor with white matter quality, it was important in operation plan establishment. The combination of intra-operative MRI, functional MRI and DTI was valuable for brain tumor resection. In the meantime, the treatment response of tumor and the changes of treatment-induced white matter were accurately assessed by DTI. Conclu- sion With the MRI hardware and software technology development, the DWI and DTI imaging information can be provided important value in brain tumor pathological changes diagnosis, evaluation, therapeutic planning and post treatment assess- ment.

Objective To verify the anti-inflammatory effects of intra-articular injection of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) on adjuvant-induced arthritis using a rat model.Methods A murine model of chronic ankle arthritis was established in 90 Wistar rats by injection of 0.1 ml of complete Freund adjuvant (CFA) into the pads of their left paws.They were then randomly divided into a BoNT group (n =30) which received an intra-articular injection of 0.1 ml (20 IU) of BoNT/A,an NS group (n=30) which received intra-articular injection of0.1 ml of normal saline solution and a sham group (n =30) which were punctured without any injection.In addition,30 normal rats formed a control group.Infrared thermal imaging was performed and an index of arthritis was evaluated every three days.The infrared thermal imaging revealed the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) through hematoxy-eosin (HE) staining.Results The arthritis index began to increase 3 days after the injection of CFA and it had increased significantly after 10 days,reaching a peak value of 18,24 days after the injection.The infrared thermal imaging showed that the temperature in the right paw increased greatly after the injection.Following the development of arthritis,the temperature declined gradually,arriving at a steady temperature of between 37.5 and 38.0 ℃ in both ankles 20 days after the injection.The average temperature in both paws of the BoNT group had decreased significantly more by 7 and 14 days after the injection than in the NS and sham groups.The expression of IL-1β in the synovium of the ankle joint also had decreased significantly more in the BoNT group after 7 and 14 days.HE scoring showed an obvious histopathologic change in the hypertrophic synovium,inflamnatory cell infiltration,cartilage destruction and exposure of subchondral bone after 7 and 14 days compared with right after the injection in all groups except the control group.Moreover,the average HE scores of the BoNT group rats after 7 and 14 days were significantly lower than those seen in the NS and sham groups at the same time points.Conclusion Intra-articular injection of botulinum toxin type A has an anti-inflammatory effect on arthritis induced by complete Freund adjuvant,at least in rats.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of Notch-1 expression in small cell lung cancer(SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and analyze the role of it in prognosis.Methods SP immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Notch-1 antibody in 43 of SCLC and 40 of NSCLC tissues.Further analysis was carried out to interpret the association of Notch-1 antibody expression with clinicopathological features,lymph node metastasis and prognosis in SCLC.Results The positive rate of Notch-1 expression was 20.93％ ( 9/43 ) in SCLC,while 65.00％ ( 26/40 ) in NSCLC.The expression of Notch-1 antibody was associated with clinical stage and lymph node metastasis ( x2 =5.42,P ＜ 0.05 ; x2 =4.88,P ＜ 0.05respectively),but was not associated with age,sex,tumor location,tumor size ( Ps ＞ 0.05 ).Compared with NSCLC,the expression rates of Notch-1 antibody were significantly higher in SCLC ( x2 =16.50,P ＜ 0.05 ).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the survival time of patients with positive Notch-1 expression was significantly longer than that of patients with negative staining( x2 =19.87,P ＜ 0.05 ).Cox regression analysis showed that Notch-1 antibody could significantly reduce the risk of death in patients with SCLC.Conclusion The positive expressions of Notch-1 were significantly different in SCLC and NSCLC,which linked to the clinicalstage,lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis.Accordingly,the expression of Notch-1 may have good value in diagnosis and prognosis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of continuity of health education model for patients undergoing bone cancer during the first chemotherapy.Methods This model was designed based on KAP(Knowledge,Attitude or Belief,Practice) theory,literature review and questionnaire and performed in 103 bone cancer patients during the first chemotherapy.Results All the patients were assessed,with the founding that the pass rate of knowledge test,treatment compliance and degree of satisfaction were increased significantly(all P<0.05).Conclusions The health education model could help patients learn knowledge about bone cancer,build health behavior and deal with complications.Additionally,it improves the pass rate of knowledge test,satisfaction, and compliance.

Objective To evaluate the value of postoperative prophylactic radiotherapy for N0 e-sophageal squamous carcinoma. Methods From January 1993 to December 2006,859 patients with patho-logically staged N0 and M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were included in this study. Among them, 760 received surgery alone, and 99 received surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy. Radiotherapy started within 3 to 4 weeks after surgery. The median total dose was 50 Gy(2 Gy/F,5 F/w). Results In surgery alone group and postoperative radiotherapy group,the 5-yeur overall survival rotes were 72.2% vs 77.4% (X2 =0. 13,P >0.05) for all patients,34.6% vs67.1% (X2 =7.72,P <0.05) forpT4 disease,and 70.2% vs 81.3% (X2 =4.01 ,P <0.05) for tumor length >5 cm. Postoperative radiotherapy could lower the recurrence rate for pT4 patients. Conclusions For patients with NO esophageal squamous carcinoma, postoperative radiotherapy can significantly improve the survival for pT4 and tumor length > 5 cm,and also re-duce the recurrence for pT4 patients.

Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; instrumentation ; X-Rays

Objective: To explore window settings technology in the digital radiography of pneumoconiosis, and to improve the quality of the digital chest radiographs. Methods: 25 female workers in a asbestos product processing enterprise were examined with high-kV and DR chest radiographies on same day. Consistency of pneumoconiosis diagnosis results: were assessed. Results In the 75 groups of radiograph quality results, there are 62 groups that need to be processed window in order to make the correct diagnosis. The crude agreement among two chest radiographs was 28% for the profusion of small opacities and 76% for the classification of pneumoconiosis, the weighted kappa value (κ) was 0.33 (95%CI: 0.12-0.54) and 0.67 (95%CI: 0.42-0.92) . Conclusions window settings technology can display different parts of chest and make DR chest radiograph to meeting the requirements of chest radiograph quality for pneumoconiosis.

Objective To compare the accuracy of CT with other methods to measure the length of thoracic esophageal carcinoma. Methods 598 patients with thoracic esophageal squamous carcinoma were enrolled in this study.All the patients received three-field(cervical,thoracic:and abdominal)radical surgery without pre-operative radiotherapy or chemotherapy.The length of each Iesion was recorded and compared by measuring intraoperative specimen,formalin-fixed specimen,X-ray barium meal examination and CT,respectivelv. Results By the measurement of intraoperative specimen,formalin-fixed specimen,Xray barium meal examination and CT,the mean lengths of lesion were(5.22±1.94),(4.28±1.71),(5.12±1.92)and(6.71±2.52) cm,respectively.The measured length was significantly different between intraoperative specimen and formalin-fixed specimen or CT(t=16.01,P＜0.01;t=-15.54,P＜0.01),but not between intraoperative specimen and X-ray barium meal examination(t=1.62,P＞0.05).The measured lengths gradually decreased in the order of CT,intraoperative specimen,X-ray bailam meal examination and formalin-fixed specimen.For different pathological type(except intracavitary type)and different T staging,there was significant difference in lesion length between intraoperative specimen and CT(P＜0.05),but not between intraoperative specimen and X-ray barium meal examination(P＞0.05). Conclusions The length of esophageal carcinoma measured by intraoperative specimen is shorter than by CT,but longer than by X-ray barium meal examination.Specimen could shrink after foriBalin fixation.X-ray barium meal and other examinations should be referred when using CT to delineate tumor target volume of esophageal carcinoma for radiotherapy.