Objective To study the early diagnosis and treatment of cervical vertebrae injury.Methods 86 cases with cervial vertebrae injury were retrospectively analyzed.8 cases were treated by head halter treaction,78 cases were treated by skull traction,15 cases treated in early-day operation,27 cases seclected-day operation.Results According to frankel grading.A degree was 36 cases,no betterment,one case died;B degree 18 cases,2 cases improved to C degree,3 cases improved to D degree,13 cases had no improverment;9 cases,all had one or two degree improvement.20 cases with the nerve root injury all had determinate improverment or were cured.Conclusion Quick and correct early diagnosis and treatment after cervical vertebrae injury are the key steps in decreasing the death rate and disability rate.

1 1 patients with moderate or severe crowding in the anterior arch were treated with 4 premolar extraction.After canine distaliza-tion first approach,the teeth were aligned and leveled.The results of the study suggest that,with strict implementation of indication,this method may be a viable treatment for the moderate or severe crowding anterior.

ObjectiveComparing gastric perforation repair with traditional contrast,to explore the feasibility and superiority of the laparoscopic gastric perforation repair.Methods68 cases were randomly divided into two groups for laparoscopic gastric perforation repair and traditional repair,then compared two groups of treatment.Results Both operations were successful ( including laparoscopic repair in 34 cases) and surgery time,blood loss,postoperative drainage,length of stay,and cosmetic results of the comparison.ConclusionCompared with the traditional open surgery,the laparoscopic surgery had less trauma,leas pain,faster recovery,shorter hospital stay,high efficacy and good cosmetic results and other advantages.

23 cases were treated with immediate full denture.The second base-remodeling or re-prosthodontic treatment was given 3 months later based on the oral condition.Masticatory efficiency (ME)was measured at each stage.About 30% patients participated in the second base-remodeling procedure with ME of 52.63%.

Objective To observe the effect of a repeated-sprint training on the speed-endurance of basketball players in a hypoxia environment.Methods Sixteen basketball players were divided into a hypoxiagroup and a normoxia group which had 8 persons each group.The 2 groups separatelyhad a repeated-sprint training with anaerobic power bicycles in a simulatedhypoxic environment at the altitude of 3000 meters and a normoxia environment for 4 weeks(twice a week).Before and after the training,the two groups of subjects had a shuttle run testing and a Wingateanaerobic powertestingin a normoxia environment.Then their blood were collected and measured the blood lactate level at the point-intime of after the shuttle run,3 min later,5 min later,7 min later,and 9 min later.Recorded the result of the shuttle run,the relative average power of the Wingateanaerobic powertesting,and carried on a statistic analysis of the data.Results Comparing with the performance of the shuttle run before the training,the performance of the 2 groups was improved obviously after the four-week-long training (P＜0.05).But there was no significant difference between the 2 groups(P＞0.05).The rate of blood lacticacid clearance in the hypoxia group was higher than that in the normoxia group,and there was a significant difference at 7 min (P＜0.01).The relative average power of the hypoxia group had a significant improvement(P＜0.05),while the normoxia group had no significant change(P＞0.05).There was no significant difference of the relative average power between the two groups.Conclusion Repeatedsprint training can improve basketball players' speed-endurance.Repeated-sprint training in a hypoxic environment can effectively improve basketball players' ability of reducing blood lactate in their body,and the improvement of this aerobic ability can help athletes to have a better performance in competitions.

‘Student-centered’ teaching model is the needs of higher medical education.In the process of education,we carried out comprehensive and systematic reforms by satisfying students' needs and improving students' ability as the main line.These reforms included change of teaching methods (the basic theory combined with clinical knowledge),increase of innovative experiments and change of evaluation system.These results showed that students were interested in these reforms,the innovation abilities of students were improved and students could pay more attention to the process of learning.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of Notch-1 expression in small cell lung cancer(SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and analyze the role of it in prognosis.Methods SP immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Notch-1 antibody in 43 of SCLC and 40 of NSCLC tissues.Further analysis was carried out to interpret the association of Notch-1 antibody expression with clinicopathological features,lymph node metastasis and prognosis in SCLC.Results The positive rate of Notch-1 expression was 20.93％ ( 9/43 ) in SCLC,while 65.00％ ( 26/40 ) in NSCLC.The expression of Notch-1 antibody was associated with clinical stage and lymph node metastasis ( x2 =5.42,P ＜ 0.05 ; x2 =4.88,P ＜ 0.05respectively),but was not associated with age,sex,tumor location,tumor size ( Ps ＞ 0.05 ).Compared with NSCLC,the expression rates of Notch-1 antibody were significantly higher in SCLC ( x2 =16.50,P ＜ 0.05 ).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the survival time of patients with positive Notch-1 expression was significantly longer than that of patients with negative staining( x2 =19.87,P ＜ 0.05 ).Cox regression analysis showed that Notch-1 antibody could significantly reduce the risk of death in patients with SCLC.Conclusion The positive expressions of Notch-1 were significantly different in SCLC and NSCLC,which linked to the clinicalstage,lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis.Accordingly,the expression of Notch-1 may have good value in diagnosis and prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of hypoxia on the contraction of mesen-teric arteries induced by phenylephrine (PE) in guinea pig. Methods Pressure myograph system was used to study the effects of 20, 40 and 60 min hypoxia (mixed with 95% CO2 and 5% O2) on the constriction induced by PE in acutely separated mesenteric artery (300 ~ 400 μm) of guinea pig. Results PE (0.1 ~ 100 μmol/L) caused the contractions of the mesenteric arteries in guinea pig in a concentration-dependent way . Hypoxia de creased the pH value of perfusion fluid from 7.4 to 6.3. Hypoxia significantly inhibited PE-induced vasocon-striction, and the inhibition was hard to recover after reoxygenation. Hypoxia inhibited PE-induced vasoconstric-tion in a time-dependent way , with the inhibition rate reduced in the sequence of inhibition duration of 60 , 40 and 20 min. When its value was decreased to 6.3 , the perfusion fluid even inhibited PE-induced vasoconstric tion. Conclusion Hypoxia can inhibit PE-induced vasoconstriction in the mesenteric arteries of guinea pig in a time-dependent way. The mechanism may have something to do with the change of pH.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficiency of robot assisted surgery guided by damage control orthopaedics(DCO) in polytraumatised patients with pelvic ring injuries.Methods A retrospective review of the pelvic fracture database was performed.Twenty-six patients who had sustained a pelvic fracture from September 2012 to December 2015 were suitable for robot-assisted minimally invasive internal fixation.They were 17 men and 9 women,aged from 23 to 58 years (average,42.6 years).Their Injury Severity Score(ISS) ranged from 20 to 31 points (average,21.3 years).According to Tile classification,6 cases were type B2,3 type B3,9 type C2 and 8 type C3.Guided by DCO,the vital signs were stabilized by all means and the fractures treated by simple and temporary external fixation before the pelvic and other fractures were managed by the robot-assisted minimally invasive internal fixation.Demographics,times to operating room (TOR),time from acute stabilization to late definitive internal fixation (TAL),time for bone union,type of robot-assisted surgery for major fractures,length of stay (LOS),postoperative complications and mortality were recorded.The outcomes of the pelvis were evaluated at the final follow-up according to the Matta criteria.Results Of the 26 patients,robot-navigated percutaneous screwing was conducted with 23 sacroiliac screws in 19,with 9 ramus pubicus screws in 9,with 6 supraacetabular screws in 4,and with 4 both-column screws in 2 cases.TOR averaged 2.7 times,TAL 5.9 days,LOS at ICU 2.1 days,ICU admission rate 46.2％ (12 of 26),hospital LOS 7.3 days,and time for pelvic bone union 79.0 days.None patients had postoperative complications related to the pelvic fracture and no one died.According to the Matta criteria at the final follow-ups,8 cases were excellent,11 good,5 fair and 2 poor,yielding an excellent and good rate of 73.1％.Conclusion Robot-navigated minimally invasive surgery plus DCO is effective,time saving and safe treatment for polytraumatised patients with pelvic ring injuries.

OBJECTIVEThe present study was to investigate the effects of acute hypoxia on the electrophysiological properties and outward current of spiral ganglion cell (SGC).

METHODSSGC of newborn's Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were isolated and digested, primary cultured neurons for 8 h. By perfusion with physical saline solution containing no glucose and low oxygen, SGNs model of acute hypoxia was established. The whole-cell patch clamp recording was used to clarify the effect of hypoxia on the outward currents of SGC.

RESULTSThe outward current of SGC showed characteristics of outward rectification, which contained two major components, one sensitive to the big conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels (BKCa) which blocked by TEA, and the other could be suppressed by the KV channel blocker 4-AP. When holding at -60 mV, acute hypoxia increased the outward current of SGC in a voltage-dependent manner, which mainly increased the amplitude of the current activated by the votage ranged from 0 mV to +60 mV, and increased the amplitude of outward current from (1 160.0 ± 129.1) pA to (2 428 ± 239.3) pA (n = 9, P < 0.01) at holding potential of -60mV. By perfusion with the Potassium channel blocker TEA or 4-AP, the former could significantly reduced the increasing of outward currents induced by hypoxia on the SGC, the latter had no significant effect on the outward current increased by the hypoxia.

CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that acute hypoxia causes neuron hyperpolarization possibly by activating big conductance BKCa of the SGC. When the BKca channels are activated, K⁺ effluxes increase, which induces cell membrane hyperpolarization, and decreases cell excitability, which may affect the conducting function of SGC.

Animals ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Neurons ; cytology ; metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spiral Ganglion ; cytology ; physiopathology