For the purpose of detecting the polymorphism of the human eighth complement component(C8A),an allele specific amplification method were established for detecting two alleles of C8A based on a nucleotide exchange of the C8? cDNA sequence.100 DNA blood samples from unrelated individuals of Han population in Chengdu were typed by this method.The result of comparison with the data of protein typing of the same samples using SDS PAGE method proved that the described method is efficient,correct and reliable for C8A genotypes.This methtod is valuable for further application in population genetic study and forensic science practice.

s:To resolve the problem of the accuracy and standardization of STR PCR typing in forensic science practice,we have designed a new method to produce standard D12S375 allelic ladder.Seven different PCR amplified D12S375 allelic fragments were isolated from the gel,eluted into the distilled water and reamplified by PCR.The purified allelic fragments were then blunt end subcloned individually into the pUC plasmid vectors and transfected into competent E.coli DH5? TM cells.The sequencing results confirmed that the size and the constructure of the inserts were correct.The recombinant plasmids DNA with 7 inserts were then used as templates for reamplification to generate D12S375 standard ladder, with which the genetic polymorphisms of D12S375 locus in Chinese Han population in Chengdu,Hui population in Gansu and Wei population in Xinjiang were studied.

[Summary] Kisspeptin is vital for the neuroendocrine regulation of GnRH secretion. Kisspeptin neurons are now recognized as a central pathway responsible for conveying key homeostatic information to GnRH neurons. A number of metabolic modulators have been proposed as regulators of kisspeptin including leptin, adiponectin, insulin, ghrelin, POMC, and neuropeptide Y. Recent data indicate that kisspeptin may have a direct role in regulating energy balance by its regulation of food intake and glucose homeostasis. Thus, kisspeptin may serve as a new connection between reproductive function and energy metabolism.

Objective To study the mechanism of tumor necrosis factor(TNF) ? in psoriasis vulgaris. Methods The expressions of 55 kD(p55) and 75 kD(p75) TNF receptors, intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM) 1, lymphocyte function associated antigen(LFA) 1 in the lesional skin of psoriasis vulgaris were detected by immunohistochemical method. Results Normal skin did not express p55, p75, ICAM 1 and LFA 1, the epidermis of the lesional skin expressed p55, p75 and ICAM 1, the infiltrating mononuclear cells (MNCs) in the dermis expressed p55, p75 and LFA 1 in psoriasis vulgaris. The intensities of staining of the p55 and ICAM 1 on epidermal keratinocytes(EKC) were significantly correlated (r' s=0.704, P0.05). The staining intensity of ICAM 1 on EKC and the number of infiltrating MNCs in the dermis was significantly correlated (r' s=0.724, P

Objective:To investigate the utilization of total parenteral nutrition ( TPN) in a hospital to provide reference for the clinical rational drug use. Methods:The utilization and trend of TPN in the surgical inpatients during August 2012 to July 2013 in the hospital were analyzed statistically. Results:Totally 116 patients received TPN with 1 013 times, and the patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumor accounted for 48. 3%. The average use day was (8. 7 ± 3. 2) d and the total energy was within the range of 900-1 500 kcal. The number of prescription with glycolipid ratio below 1 was 878 (86. 7%), that with hot nitrogen ratio of 100-150 was 689 (68. 0%), that with monovalent cation concentration below 150 mmol·L-1 was 1 008 (99. 5%), that with divalent cation concentra-tion below 5 mmol·L-1 was 879 (86. 8%), that with glutamine was 765 (75. 5%) and that with sugar and insulin ratio (g:u) be-low 3 was 42 (4. 1%). Conclusion:The maln problem in the TPN application in the hospital is that glycolipid ratio in the majority of prescriptions is low, and irrational hot nitrogen ratio, excessive cation concentration and insulin dosage appeared in the minority of pre-scriptions. Clinicians should strengthen the learning of parenteral nutrition knowledge and clinical pharmacists should actively perform reasonable intervention in the TPN prescriptions to promote the reasonable TNP therapy and improve the therapeutic effect.

Objective Acute poisoning is frequently encountered at emergency department. This study was to investigate the epidemiology and characteristics of patients with acute poisoning who were treated at the Emergency Center, Fujian Provincial Hospital, China. Method We retrospectively analyzed the gender, age, causes of poisoning, types of poisons, poisoning route, emergency diagnoses, outcomes, and prognoses of these patients.Results Altogether 2867 patients with acute poisoning were treated from January 2004 to December 2009. The ratween 18 and 40 years old. The incidence of acute poisoning was as high as 11.33% in January each year. The incidence of poisoning was in a descending order: alcohol poisoning (54.55%), medication poisoning (25.95%), pesticide poisoning (5.65%), and drug poisoning (4.88%). Most (56.44%) of the patients with drug poisoning were under 25 years and their mean age was significantly lower than that of patients with medication poisoning or alcohol poisoning ( P ＜ 0.01 ). Approximately 69.54% of the patients were followed up after emergency treatment, 30.39% were hospitalized, and four patients died. Conclusions Acute poisoning is largely alcohol poisoning and medication poisoning in a city. The emergency green channel "pre-hospital emergency care-emergency department-hospital treatment" can significantly improve the survival rate of patients with acute poisoning.

Objective To discuss nursing service and charge in order to establish standard and perfect nursing cost accounting system. Methods Nursing charge was described through analyzing the nursing technology during treatment of long-term hospitalization patients and no charge of disposable items. Results Nursing work was nearly a no-reward technological service, the proportion and the standard of nursing charge was low, the charge of nursing items was incomplete, labor cost was neglected and nursing value could not be really embodied. Conclusions Nursing managers should strengthen the nursing cost management in order to establish perfect and standard nursing cost accounting system.

Objective:To evaluate the translucency,opalescence and fluorescence reflection of 6 light-cured resin composites. Methods:Disks of 6 resin composites including Filtek Supreme XT-YT(XT),Filtek Supreme XT-A3B(3M),Clearfil Majesty-A3 (MJ),Gradia Direct-A3(GC),Venus-A3(VE)and Charisma Diamond-A3(CA)were prepared in the diameter of 9 mm with the thickness 2.0 mm.PR-650 spectral scanning colorimeter was used to measure and caculate translucency parameters(TP),opal-escence parameter(OP)and fluorescence reflection(FL)and to draw the fluorescence reflection curves.Results:Except XT and MJ,TP value of other resin composites were in the range of natural tooth.Only OP value of XT was in the range of natural tooth en-amel.FL value of XT was close to that of natural tooth dentin.Fluorescent peak wavelength of GC,MJ,VE and CA were in the range of natural tooth,but fluorescent peak height was higher than that of natual tooth.TP was positively correlated with OP(r =0.85,P <0.05).There was no statistic correlation between TP and FL,between OP and FL.Conclusion:The 6 resin composites can simulate optical property of natual tooth,but the opalescence of resin composites is defective.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of resin infiltration in the treatment of post-orthodontic white spot lesions (WSLs)and compare it with microabrasion.Methods:1 0 subjects with 66 teeth with noncavitated and unrestored WSLs after multibracket treatment were recruited.A simple randomized,split-mouth and controlled design was used to allocate WSLs to the resin infiltration and micro-abrasion groups(n =33).The area of the WSLs were measured photographically by using image analysis software before treatment (T0),1 week(T2)and 3 months(T3)after treatment.Data were analyzed with multifactorial analysis of the variances with repeated measures at an a level of 5% and a power of 80%.Results:The area of the white spot lesions(R)decreased significantly in both groups(P <0.05).At T3 the success rate of resin infiltration group(88.68%)was significantly higher than that of microabrasion group (64.67%)(P <0.05).Conclusion:Resin infiltration is more effective than microabrasion in the treatment of post-orthodontic WSLs.

Objective To Investigate correlation between screening assay of human papillomavirus (HPV) and microbial pathogens in gynecology. Methods Cervical samples were collected to search for HPV, bacteria and yeast infections in gynecologic outpatients. HPV typing was carried out by PCR and sequencing on cervical brush specimens. Chlamydia trachomatis was identified by strand displacement amplification (SDA) and the other microorganisms were detected by conventional methods. All data were analyzed to investigate the correlation among them. Results In this cross-sectional study, among 857 enrolled outpatients, there were 266 cases with positive HPV DNA, and the rate of infection was 31.0%(266/857). HPV genotype showed that thirty-five different HPV types were identified, of which HPV16 was the most prevalent ( 14.5%, 38/262), followed by HPV58 (9.2%, 24/262), HPV53 (8.0%, 21/262)and HPV42 (6.1%, 16/262); while other genotypes were present in less than 5% of HPV positive women.According to the reclassification, the aggregated percentage (high-risk and probably high-risk) of detected HPV was 58.8% ( 154/262), 27.9% (73/262) for low-risk and 13.4% (35/262) for unknown-risk HPV types. Among HPV positive women, cervical brush specimens results showed that more than 60% cases with normal cytology, 3.8% (10/266) with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), 29. 7% (79/266) with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and 3.0% (8/266) with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), respectively. Statistical analyses revealed there was a significant association between the infected HPV and Chlamydia trachomatis or Ureaplasma urealyticum ( >10000 CCU/ml; all P <0.01), while no correlation was found between HPV infection and bacterial vaginosis, streptococcus agalactiae, candida, Trichomonas vaginalis or Ureaplasma urealyticum ( ≤ 10000CCU/ml; all P > 0.05 ). Among the cases with bacterial vaginosis, the positive rate of HPV infected was42.6%. Chlamydia trachomatis was one of the high-risk factors for the infection of HPV ( OR = 2.82, 95%CI: 1.74 -4.57). Mycoplasma hominis was isolated only in 2 cases, no patient was infected with Neisseria gonorrhocae. Conclusions Although bacterial vaginosis was not significantly associated with HPV, it was more common among the HPV positive women. There is the significant association between HPV and Chlamydia trachomatis or Ureaplasma urealyticum which may be increase the infection of HPV. These data suggest that it may be important to screen for the simultaneous presence of different microorganisms which may have synergistic pathological effects.