AIM: To evaluate the protective effect of luteolin on endothelial dysfunction induced by tert-butyl hydro-peroxide (t-BOOH). METHODS: We observed the effect of luteolin on t-BOOH-induced contractions in the aorta rings with or without endot helium, which were incubated with luteolin (10-6 to 10-4 mol/L) for 30 min before determining the concentration-response to t- BOOH. Cultured endothelial cell line (ECV304) was pretreated with different concentrations of luteolin (10-6 to 10-4 mol/L) for 30 min and then exposed to 10 -5 mol/L t-BOOH for 24 hours. Cell morphology was observed , and cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Meanwhile, RT-PCR was used to measure the expression of eNOS and COX-1. RESULTS: Increasing concentrations of t-BOOH produced concentration-dependent cont ractions in aorta rings isolated from rats, luteolin effectively attenuated the contraction in a concentration-dependent manner, and the relaxation response was greater in intact endothelium segments. In MTT and RT-PCR assays, luteolin effectively reduced the cytotoxicity of t-BOOH to endothelium cell and increased the expression of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA, which was greatly down-regulated by t-BOOH. CONCLUSION: Luteolin effectively protects the endothelium from the impairment of oxidative stress, and the protection could be related to its negative modulation towards t-BOOH-induced contractions in the aorta.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of inhaled furosemide in the adjuvant treatment of bronchial asthma systematically,and to provide evidenced-base reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,Co-chrane library,CJFD,Wanfang database and VIP,randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about routine treatment+inhaled furosemide (trial group)vs. routine treatment(control group)in the treatment of bronchial asthma were collected. After quality evaluation and data extraction according to Cochrane systematic evaluation method 5.1.0,Meta-analysis was performed with Rev Man 5.3 soft-ware. RESULTS:A total of 13 RCTs were included,involving 708 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that:obvious ef-fective rate [RR=1.53,95%CI(1.28,1.84),P<0.001],total effective rate [RR=1.34,95%CI(1.23,1.45),P<0.001],the inci-dence of laryngeal discomfort [RR=10.79,95%CI(1.47,78.99),P=0.02] and gastrointestinal adverse reaction [RR=10.80,95%CI (1.43,81.53),P=0.02] in trial group were all significantly higher than control group,with statistical significance. There was no sta-tistical significance in the incidence of dry mount [RR=3.71,95%CI(0.81,16.86),P=0.09] and electrolyte disorder [RR=2.38, 95%CI(0.10,56.53),P=0.59] between 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Based on conventional treatment,the inhaled furosemide has good therapeutic efficacy and safety for bronchial asthma,and the laryngeal discomfort and gastrointestinal reaction should be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the change in distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens from blood culture of children,and provide a basis for treatment of bloodstream infection.Methods Pathogens isolated from blood culture of hospitalized children between January 2009 and December 2013 were divided into group 2009-2011 and 2012-2013.Distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens were analyzed.Results From 2009 to 2013,a total of 48 455 blood specimens were taken for culture,2 730 pathogenic bacteria were isolated,positive rate was 5.63%.The positive rate of blood culture decreased year-by-year (χ2 =415.30,P <0.01 ).Of 2 730 iso-lates of pathogenic bacteria,gram-positive bacteria,gram-negative bacteria,and fungi accounted for 80.37% (n =2 194),18.68%(n=510),and 0.95%(n=26)respectively.The difference between two groups of pathogenic bacte-ria was significant(χ2 =180.334,P <0.001).Susceptibility rates of gram-positive cocci to vancomycin,linezolid and teicoplanin were all 100%,resistance rates of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus to cip-rofloxacin,compound sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline all decreased.Susceptibility rates of gram-negative bacilli to imipenem,meropenem and amikacin were all≥97.50%,susceptibility rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to levofloxacin was 100%;Of cephalosporins,Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae had high resistance except ceftazidime and cefepime.Conclusion Distribution of pathogens from blood culture of children in 2009-2013 changed signifi-cantly,pathogens have high resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents,more attention should be paid to the monitor of pathogens from blood culture and pathogenic antimicrobial resistance.

Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestations, laboratory and imaging features, treatment and prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).Methods:This is a retrospective case series study describing the clinical, laboratory and imaging manife-stations, treatment and prognosis of 3 SLE patients with PSC. The related literatures were reviewed.Results:In total, 10 patients were included. SLE with PSC, with an average age of (43±17) years old, was more common with hematological and renal involvement, jaundice and arthralgia, positive anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody, hypocomplementemia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and abnormal liver function with predominately elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The classic magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography (MRCP) features of PSC include multifocal strictures, beading and areas of dilatation involving the intra- and/or extrahepatic bile ducts. The treatment included glucocorticosteroids, immunosup-pressants and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), and some patients required biliary drainage. Most patients had a good prognosis.Conclusion:Although PSC is rare, attention should be paid to SLE patients with abnormal liver function, especially with elevated ALP, in order to differentiate from PSC.

Objective To compare the difference of procalcitonin (PCT)level between serum and plasma in children so as to in-vestigate whether ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid dipotassium (EDTA-K2 )anti-coagulation plasma could replace serum to be an al-ternative material for PCT testing.Methods The PCT concentrations in the serum and EDTA-K2 anti-coagulation plasma from 90 children patients were detected by using the mini-VIDS-GB automatic enzyme linked fluorescence analyzer and the plasma PCT au-tomatic quantitative detection method.The correlation between the two sets of data was analyzed.And the data were assigned into the 3-level groups for conducting statistic analysis.At the same time the influence of child′s age and gender on the PCT level was al-so discussed.Results The PCT level in serum was well correlated with that in EDTA-K2 anti-coagulation plasma (r=0.812,P <0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in PCT levels between serum and plasma measured in the low level groups (P >0.05).However,the differences of the PCT levels between serum and EDTA-K2 anti-coagulation plasma in the middle level group and high level group were statistically significant (P <0.05).Child′s gender and age have significant effect on the PCT level. Conclusion There is statistically significant difference between serum and plasma PCT detection levels in children,which has an important guiding role for further systematic study of PCT level difference in serum and EDTA-K2 anticoagulation plasma and its clinical significance.

Objective To explore the efficacy of pulse infusion of gonadorelin (LHRH) on the patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) via a micro infusion pump. Methods The protocol was designed as an open, self-controlled prospective study. 31 patients were enrolled and assigned to 3 groups: 23 males without gonadotropin-releasing hormone ( GnRH ) pulse ( group A), 2 males with GnRH pulse frequency insufficiency ( group B), and 6 females ( group C). All the subjects were admitted LHRH every 90 min via the micro infusion pump for 24 weeks. Sex hormones and related characteristics were compared before and after the treatment. Results After 24-weeks treatment, LH peak value reached ( 6. 92 ±5.66 ), ( 9. 55 ±0. 98 ), and ( 6. 93 ±4. 52 ) IU/L; and FSH peak value reached ( 7.44 ± 3. 80 ), ( 12. 85 ± 12. 80 ), and ( 7.38 ±4. 98 ) IU/L among 3 groups, respectively. The testosterone also reached ( 3.18± 1.81 ) and ( 5.78±4. 65 ) ng/ml in groups A and B ( all P＜0. 01 ). In groups A and B, the testis volumes were increased, seminal fluid production was found in 7 patients and spermatogenesis in 6 patients. In group C, uterus was enlarged 85.4%, as well as the ovaries of both sides. Menarche was reported in 5 patients. 19. 4% of the studied patients complained uncomfortable at the injection sites, all the symptoms were mild. Conclusion Pulse infusion of LHRH in IHH patients via a micro infusion pump is effective, while the medication system needs improving.