Objective To analyze the clinical features of lobar hemorrhage and the differences in etiology,clinical manifestation and prognosis between young,middle-aged and aged patients.MethodsSix hundred and twenty patients with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) were consecutively admitted to our hospital.The following data were recorded:gender,age,risk factors,cause of disease,symptoms at the early stage,Glasgow coma score (GCS) and Neurological deficit scale (NDS),bleeding part and amount,complications during hospital stay and outcome.Patients were divided into lobar hemorrhage group (n=73) and non-lobar hemorrhage group (n=547),and compared with each other on the parameters mentioned above.Patients with lobar hemorrhage were subdivided into young and middle-aged subgroup (

OBJECTIVETo develop a resin composite incorporated with nano-antibacterial inorganic filler containing long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, and to measure its effect on human dental plaque microcosm biofilm.

METHODSA novel nano-antibacterial inorganic filler containing long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salt was synthesized according to methods introduced in previous research. Samples of the novel nano-antibacterial inorganic fillers were modified by a coupling agent and then added into resin composite at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% or 20% mass fractions; 0% composite was used as control. A flexural test was used to measure resin composite mechanical properties. Results showed that a dental plaque microcosm biofilm model with human saliva as inoculum was formed. Colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, lactic acid production, and live/dead assay of biofilm on the resin composite were calculated to test the effect of the resin composite on human dental plaque microcosm biofilm.

RESULTSThe incorporation of nano-antibacterial inorganic fillers with as much as 15% concentration into the resin composite showed no adverse effect on the mechanical properties of the resin composite (P > 0.05). Resin composite containing 5% or more nano-antibacterial inorganic fillers significantly inhibited the metabolic activity of dental plaque microcosm biofilm, suggesting its strong antibacterial potency (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThis novel resin composite exhibited a strong antibacterial property upon the addition of up to 5% nano-antibacterial inorganic fillers, thereby leading to effective caries inhibition in dental application.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Biofilms ; drug effects ; Composite Resins ; chemistry ; Dental Caries ; prevention & control ; Dental Plaque ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; pharmacology ; Saliva

Objective:To investigate the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely preterm infants (EPI) before 28 weeks of gestation during 8-years period.Methods:A retrospective study. From January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2018, 300 EPI infants with a gestational age of less than 28 weeks admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics were included in the study. EPI birth gestational week (GA), birth weight (BW), gender and other basic information, as well as neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, oxygen (&ge;10 d), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and other hospitalizations and complications were recorded. According to ROP international classification standards, ROP was staged. Severe ROP was defined as ROP that requires treatment. The screening start time, screening interval, and intervention time of all children tested were carried out in accordance with the requirements of the "Guidelines for Screening Retinopathy of Prematurity" until the end of follow-up. The most severe ROP during the follow-up of each examined child was recorded as the final screening result of the examined child, and those with asymmetric eyes with the screening results of the severe side of the diseas was recorded. A retrospective analysis of the overall incidence of EPI ROP showed the incidence of severe ROP, and the first and second stages of EPI ROP during the 8 years (from January 1 , 2011 to December 31, 2014, and January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018), changes in the rate of severe illness. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen independent risk factors for severe ROP.Results:Among 300 EPI infants, the average GA was (26.7±1.8) weeks; the average BW was (993.3±178.7) g. Two hundred and five infants (68.3%) were diagnosed with ROP, 116 (56.6%), 57 (27.8%), and 32 (15.6%) infants of stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ disease, respectively. There were no infants of stage IV and V. There were 30 infants (14.6%) with additional lesions and 59 infants (19.7%) with severe ROP requiring treatment. With the increase of GA ( χ2=52.391, 44.521; P=0.000, 0.000) and BW ( χ2=43.772, 26.138; P=0.000, 0.000), the incidence of EPI ROP and the incidence of severe ROP decreased significantly. From 2011 to 2018, the number of people surviving EPI obviously increased, especially those with small GA (26 weeks) and low BW (750 g). The average GA of the second stage EPI was lower than that of the first stage, the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.243, P=0.026); the average BW of the second stage EPI was lower than the first stage, the difference was not statistically significant ( t=1.428, P=0.154). The incidence of ROP in the second stage EPI was slightly higher than that in the first stage, and the incidence of severe ROP was lower than that in the first stage, the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2=1.069, 1.723; P=0.301, 0.189). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that GA<27 weeks ( β=-2.584, P=0.032), maternal chorioamnionitis (CA) ( β=-0.935, P=0.038) and BPD ( β=-1.432, P=0.001) was an independent risk factor for severe ROP. Conclusions:The incidence of EPI ROP and severe ROP are 68.3% and 19.7%, respectively. From 2011 to 2018, the number of survivors of EPI obviously increase, and those with small GA and low BW increase significantly; however, the incidence of ROP and severe ROP remaine stable. GA, CA and BPD are independent risk factors for severe ROP.

OBJECTIVETo identified the resistance of Coix to Ustilago coicis and screen the high disease-resistance Coix germplasm.

METHODField and laboratory biochemical methods were used for the resistance identification. Ninteen germplasms collected from 7 provinces in southern of China such as Yunnan, Zhejiang, Fujian etc. were inoculated with chlamydospore of U. coicis, respectively. The incidence of a disease in field was investigated and the level of resistance was evaluated. The PAL activity dynamic changes in different level resistant germplasms were further determined.

RESULTThe result of field test showed 1 germplasm was immune, 1 germplasm was high resistance which incidence rate was under 20%, 6 germplasms were moderate resistance with the average incidence rates ranged within 20% - 40%, 11 of 19 germplasms that average incidence rates above 40% were identified as sensitive resistance. The value of PLA activity peak of resistant germplasm in seedling was significant higher and appeared earlier than that of the sensitive ones after inoculating.

CONCLUSIONMost collected C. lacryma-jobi germplasms are sensitive to smut in our investigation; the PAL activity may play important role in Coix germplasm for resistance to smut and the biochemical method may be as an aiding method to resistance identification of Coix germplasm.

China ; Coix ; immunology ; microbiology ; Immunity, Innate ; Plant Diseases ; immunology ; microbiology ; Ustilago ; physiology

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of pi craniectomy combined with orthopedic helmet on sagittal synostosis in infants.Methods:Clinical data of patients with sagittal synostosis treated in the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Beijing Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from May 2020 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. First treatment was pi craniectomy. A bone strip about 1.5 cm wide was transversely cut from the place about 1.0 cm behind the coronal suture, and its left and right sides went respectively up to the left and right temporoparietal suture and across the sagittal sinus. From the place about 1.5 cm beside the closed sagittal suture, an arc-shaped bone strip was cut paralleling to the sagittal and lambdoidal sutures to the temporoparietal suture. The bone strip was about 2.0 cm wide parallel to the sagittal suture and 1.0 cm wide parallel to the lambdoidal suture. Subsequently, the left and right sides were symmetrically cut with the bone strips shaped as π. Then, 1-2 weeks after operation, the orthopedic helmet was used 20-22 hours a day for 6-10 months. Regular follow-up after surgery, cranial morphology was observed, transverse diameter and anteroposterior diameter of skull were measured, cranial index (CI) and cranial volume were calculated. CI was the ratio of transverse diameter to anteroposterior diameter of skull. CI<0.75 was unsatisfactory, and CI 0.75-0.90 was satisfactory.Results:A total of 4 patients with sagittal synostosis were included in this study, all males, 5 to 11 months old. Preoperative CI was 0.69-0.73, cranial volume 576.7-853.2 ml. All the patients were operated safely. The duration of operation was 2.13-2.28 h, and the amount of blood loss was 30-100 ml. Meanwhile, postoperative hospital stay ranged from 7 to 10 days. After operation, the patients showed subcutaneous swelling of the parietal and occipital areas (self-healing after 7-10 days) and fever. The temperature returned to normal within 5 days. None of the patients presented any neurological abnormalities, cerebrospinal fluid leakage and epidural hematoma caused by meningitis, and dural damage. The postoperative follow-up was 6 to 7 months. According to the results, it indicated that the cranial shape of all the infants was improved. Postoperative CI was 0.76-0.80. The cranial width-length ratio tended to be normal. Postoperative cranial volume was 757.3-1 261.4 ml, and the cranial cavity volume increased significantly.Conclusion:Pi craniectomy combined with orthopedic helmet assisted treatment of infant with sagittal synostosis has many advantages. It has short operation time, less intraoperative bleeding and less postoperative complications. It can significantly improve the appearance of the scaphoid head, make the ratio of skull width to length normal, and dynamically expand the volume of the cranial cavity.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of pi craniectomy combined with orthopedic helmet on sagittal synostosis in infants.Methods:Clinical data of patients with sagittal synostosis treated in the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Beijing Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from May 2020 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. First treatment was pi craniectomy. A bone strip about 1.5 cm wide was transversely cut from the place about 1.0 cm behind the coronal suture, and its left and right sides went respectively up to the left and right temporoparietal suture and across the sagittal sinus. From the place about 1.5 cm beside the closed sagittal suture, an arc-shaped bone strip was cut paralleling to the sagittal and lambdoidal sutures to the temporoparietal suture. The bone strip was about 2.0 cm wide parallel to the sagittal suture and 1.0 cm wide parallel to the lambdoidal suture. Subsequently, the left and right sides were symmetrically cut with the bone strips shaped as π. Then, 1-2 weeks after operation, the orthopedic helmet was used 20-22 hours a day for 6-10 months. Regular follow-up after surgery, cranial morphology was observed, transverse diameter and anteroposterior diameter of skull were measured, cranial index (CI) and cranial volume were calculated. CI was the ratio of transverse diameter to anteroposterior diameter of skull. CI<0.75 was unsatisfactory, and CI 0.75-0.90 was satisfactory.Results:A total of 4 patients with sagittal synostosis were included in this study, all males, 5 to 11 months old. Preoperative CI was 0.69-0.73, cranial volume 576.7-853.2 ml. All the patients were operated safely. The duration of operation was 2.13-2.28 h, and the amount of blood loss was 30-100 ml. Meanwhile, postoperative hospital stay ranged from 7 to 10 days. After operation, the patients showed subcutaneous swelling of the parietal and occipital areas (self-healing after 7-10 days) and fever. The temperature returned to normal within 5 days. None of the patients presented any neurological abnormalities, cerebrospinal fluid leakage and epidural hematoma caused by meningitis, and dural damage. The postoperative follow-up was 6 to 7 months. According to the results, it indicated that the cranial shape of all the infants was improved. Postoperative CI was 0.76-0.80. The cranial width-length ratio tended to be normal. Postoperative cranial volume was 757.3-1 261.4 ml, and the cranial cavity volume increased significantly.Conclusion:Pi craniectomy combined with orthopedic helmet assisted treatment of infant with sagittal synostosis has many advantages. It has short operation time, less intraoperative bleeding and less postoperative complications. It can significantly improve the appearance of the scaphoid head, make the ratio of skull width to length normal, and dynamically expand the volume of the cranial cavity.

Objective To develop novel self-healing and antibacterial resin composite containing microcapsules filled with polymerizable healing monomer,and to measure its properties for further clinical application.Methods Microcapsules filled with healing monomer of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate were synthesized according to methods introduced in the previous research.Microcapsules were added into novel resin composite containing nano-antibacterial silica fillers grafted with long chain alkyl quaternary ammonium at mass fractions of 0,2.5％,5.0％,7.5％ or 10.0％.A commercial resin composite(Tetric N-Ceram) was used as control.Flexural test was used to measure resin composite flexural strength and elastic modulus.The single edge Ⅴ-notched beam method was used to measure fracture toughness and self-healing efficiency.Scanning electron microscope(SEM) was used to examine the fractured surface of selected specimen for investigation of fracture mechanisms.Results The flexural strength and elastic modulus of the resin composite were (96.4 ± 14.3) MPa and (6.2 ± 1.1) GPa respectively after incorporation of microcapsules up to 7.5％,and no significant difference was found between the experimental group and the control group[(99.1±1 1.9) MPa and (6.1±1.1) GPa] (P＞0.05).The self-healing efficiency of (66.8±7.0)％ and (79.3±9.7)％ were achieved for resin composite with microcapsule mass fractions at 7.5％ and 10.0％.SEM image showed that irregular films covered the fractured surface.Conclusions This novel self-healing and antibacterial resin composite containing microcapsules filled with polymerizable healing monomer exhibited a promising self-healing ability,which enabled itself well up for combating bulk fracture and secondary caries in clinical application.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognostic factors of intracranial ependymoma in children.Methods:The clinical data of 32 children with intracranial ependymoma treated in the Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Children′s Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2012 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 23 males and 9 females.The median age of diagnosis was 4.5 years old (0.7-10.0 years old). Twelve cases (37.5%) were less than 3 years old and 20 cases (62.5%) were more than 3 years old.Tumors were supratentorial in 14 cases and infratentorial in 18 cases.All patients underwent tumor resection.Eighteen cases received postoperative radiotherapy, and 20 cases received chemotherapy.Four cases took neither radiotherapy nor chemotherapy. Kaplan- Meier method was used to establish the survival curve the intracranial ependymoma patients.Whether the difference of a single variable was significant was examined by the Log- rank test. Results:Of the 32 patients, 30 cases underwent gross total resection and 2 underwent subtotal resection.The mean follow-up time was 24 months (1-62 months). By the time of the last follow-up, 26 cases survived and 6 cases died.The 1-year and 3-year survival rates were 88% and 78%, respectively.Univariate analysis showed that the tumor location ( OR=1.5, 95% CI: 1.082-2.079, P=0.040) greatly affected the overall survival time in children with intracranial ependymoma, and chemotherapy ( OR=0.5, 95% CI: 0.125-1.999, P=0.034) had significant impact on the overall survival time of patients younger than 3 years old. Conclusions:Intracranial ependymoma is more prone to occur in the infratentorial region than the supratentorial region.The tumor location is an important factor affecting the survival of children with ependymoma.For children younger than 3 years old, postoperative chemotherapy can well improve the prognosis, but cannot change the progress of the disease development.

Objective:To examine 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) RNA in clinical specimens of COVID-19 patients in Anhui province, and provide evidence for laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 and risk assessment of clinical specimens.Methods:ORF1ab gene and N gene of 2019-nCoV were detected by real-time fluorescence RT-PCR in 466 clinical specimens of 197 COVID-19 cases. Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences in positive rates of specimens with clinical classification and time of onset.Results:The positive rates of 2019-nCoV in throat swab, sputum, serum, blood sample were 88.83%, 94.67%, 6.78% and 5.08%. The positive rate for 2019-nCoV RNA in throat swabs and sputum differed significantly ( χ2=8.994, P=0.003) in common cases during 7 days after illness onset. Conclusions:The positive rate of RNA in sputum was higher than throat swabs. 2019-nCoV RNA was detected in serum and blood specimens of COVID-19 cases. There was a risk of serum and blood specimens for transmission of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: This investigation aimed to develop a novel antibacterial dental adhesive containing nanoantibacterial inorganic fillers and measure the dentin bonding strength, mechanical properties, and antibacterial property of the novel adhesive in vitro. METHODS: Novel nanoantibacterial inorganic fillers containing quaternary ammonium salt with long chain alkyl were synthesized on the basis of previous research. These novel nanoantibacterial inorganic fillers were added into the dental adhesive to prepare novel nanoantibacterial dental resin composite at mass fractions of 0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10%; 0% was used as control. Dentin shear bonding test was used to evaluate the bonding strength. Flexural test was utilized to measure the novel resin composite flexural strength and elastic modulus. A dental plaque microcosm biofilm model with human saliva as inoculum was formed. Colony forming unit, lactic acid production, and live/dead assay of the biofilm on novel dental adhesive were calculated to assess the effect of novel dental adhesive on human dental plaque microcosm biofilm. RESULTS: The dentin shear bond strength, flexural strength, and elastic modulus were 28.9 MPa, 86.6 MPa, and 4.2 GPa, respectively, when the nanoantibacterial inorganic filler mass fraction in the dental adhesive reached approximately 5.0%. Consequently, the dentin shear bond strength and mechanical properties significantly increased. Addition of 2.5% nanoantibacterial inorganic fillers into the dental adhesive exerted no adverse effect on the mechanical properties significantly (P>0.05). Dental adhesive containing 5% or more nanoantibacterial inorganic fillers inhibited the metabolic activity of the dental plaque microcosm biofilm significantly, thereby displaying a strong antibacterial potency (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS This novel antibacterial dental adhesive, which contained 5.0% nanoantibacterial inorganic filler, exhibited promising bonding strength, mechanical property, and antibacterial ability. Hence, this adhesive can be potentially used in caries inhibition in dental application.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biofilms ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Cements ; Dental Plaque ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Methacrylates ; Resin Cements ; Shear Strength