Objective To isolate and determine the structures of chemical constituents from the roots and rootstalks of Rheum emodi.Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel and polyamide column chromatography.Chemical methods and spectroscopic methods,such as 1H-NMR,13C-NMR,and MS spectra were used for the structure identification.Results Eighteen compounds were obtained.Sixteen of them were identified as:chrysophanol(1),physcion(2),?-sitosterol(3),emodin(4),aloe-emodin(5),rheumin(6),daucosterol(7),d-catechin(8),piceatannol(9),piceatannol-4'-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(10),piceatannol-4'-O-?-D-(6″-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside(11),chrysophanol-8-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(12),physcion-1 and 8-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(13a and 13b),emodin-8-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(14),and sucrose(15).Meanwhile,one compound structure simi-lar to rhein was detected.Conclusion Compound 11 is a new compound named rheoside,compounds 13a and 13b are obtained from R.emodi for the first time.

Objective To approach the effects of Gingkgo biloba extra(GBE)on expression of P-selectin and myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.Methods The rats were randomly divided into sham operated group,ischemia-reperfusion group,low dose GBE group and high dose GBE group.The models of ischemia-reperfusion were established by focal middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)method.Rats were given high or low dose GBE intraperitoneally,30 min before MCAO.The expression of P-selectin was tested by immunohistochemistry and the MPO activity by chromatometry in the rat brain.The volume of cerebral infarction and the pathologic changes were observed by HE staining and TTC staining.Results(1)Compared with sham operated group,the expression of P-selectin and MPO activity were increased in models of ischemia-reperfusion(allP

Objective To study effect of Tanshinone ⅡA (Tan ⅡA) on the content of NO and the activities of NOS and iNOS in cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury rats,and explore its protective mechanism. Methods Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,which were sham operated group,I/R group,low dose Tan ⅡA treated group and high dose Tan ⅡA treated group. The focal middle cerebral arterymocclusion (MCAO) model was made by suture-occluded method. Rats were pretreated with Tan ⅡA,ig for 3 d before MCAO. After 90 min MCAO following 24 h of reperfusion,pathomorphologic changes was investigated with HE staining. The content of NO and the activities of NOS and iNOS was also determined. Result The change of ischemic impairment in low or high dose Tan ⅡA treated group was lighter than that of I/R group,and high dose Tan ⅡA treated group was lighter than that of low dose Tan ⅡA treated group. Compared with sham operated group,the content of NO and the activities of NOS and iNOS increased at 24 h of reperfusion in the ischemic territory (P

Objective To study the effect of Tanshinone ⅡA(Tan ⅡA) on the contents of nitrous oxide(NO) and the activities of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and immunologic NOS(iNOS) following cerebral ischemia reperfusion(I/R)injury in rats.Methods 40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,which were sham group,I/R group,low dosage Tan ⅡA treated group and high dosage Tan ⅡA treated group.The focal middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) model was made.Rats were pretreated with Tan ⅡA for 3 d respectively before MCAO.After 90 min MCAO following 24 h of reperfusion,HE staining was investigated.The contents of NO and the activities of NOS and iNOS were also investigated.Results The change of ischemic impairment in low or high dosage Tan ⅡA treated group was lighter than that of I/R group,and high dosage Tan ⅡA treated group was lighter than that of low dosage Tan ⅡA treated group.Compared with the sham group,the contents of NO and the activities of NOS and iNOS increased in the ischemic territory(P<0.05).Compared with I/R group,low and high dose Tan ⅡA treated group reduced the contents of NO and the activities of NOS and iNOS dose-dependently(P<0.05).Conclusion Tan ⅡA may reduced cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injure by reducing the contents of NO and the activities of NOS and iNOS dose-dependently.

Objective To explore the reactive inhibition and electrophysiological changes under the GO/NOGO paradigm in patients with alcohol dependence (AD) in order to provide a theoretical basis for neuromechanism study of AD executive dysfunctions.Methods The GO/NOGO paradigm event related potentials (ERP) were tested in 51 AD patients and 29 healthy controls, this paradigm behavior and ERP-N1, N2 and P3 latency and amplitude were analyzed.ERPs and execution functions were followed at different time points of withdrawal(4, 9,13 weeks).Results The number of correct responses (29.18±3.03)lowered and error responses (5.16±3.77) heightened in AD patients, and differences had statistical significance compared with those in control group(32.35±2.58,3.19± 1.84, P＜0.05), and there was no group difference in response time.There was no statistical significance in group difference in N1 component under the GO/NOGO tasks and in P3 latency under GO.N2 ((3.48±2.21) μV, (4.49±3.00) pV) and P3 amplitude ((3.47±2.31) μV, (3.92±4.09) μV) decreased and N2 latency ((256.30±31.62) ms, (256.09±33.77)ms) prolonged in AD group under both GO/NOGO tasks and so did P3 latency ((355.33±25.96) ms) under the NOGO, and the differences had statistical significance.Group main effects in N2 and P3 component (P=0.000) and task main effects in N2 amplitude and P3 latency (P＜0.05) were significant,group and task interaction was significant only in P3 latency (P＜0.01).ERPs of AD patients had no notable changes at different time points of withdrawal, executive dysfunctions were the worst within the 1st week of withdrawal and gradually recovered to pre-withdrawal levels.Conclusion AD patients have lower reactive inhibition manifested mainly by weakened capacity to inhibit and adjust conflict monitor and pre-executive motor program, ERP and executive functions cannot be well improved during short-term withdrawal, and the GO/NOGO-ERP can completely reflect electrophysiological changes of reactive inhibition process of AD patients.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the quality control of fushu granules.METHODS:Five main chinese crude drug angelica,chuanxiong,flos lonicerae,glycyrrhizae and astragali in the fushu granules were identificated by TCL;the content of ferulic acid was determined by HPLC.RESULTS:Ferulic acid showed a good linearity in a range of 0.02～0.10?g/ml(r=0.9 998),the average recovery rate was 96.9%,RSD=1.4%.CONCLUSION:This method has a good recurrence and could be used to control the quality of fushu granules.

Objective To detect the clinical features and prognostic factors of nasal cavity malignancy with breast metastasis.Methods 846 Patients with nasal cavity malignancy from January 1999 to December 2011 were enrolled,the clinical and pathological features,clinical diagnostic methods and prognostic factors for breast metastasis patients were analyzed.Results Six female cases (median age 25) were diagnosed with breast metastasis,including 3 rhabdomyosarcoma and 3 olfactory neuroblastoma; consisting 0.7％ of the total 846 cases of primary nasal malignancy group.The metastasis were more likely to be multiple breast lesions with/without metastasis in other site.For the primary tumor,five patients received 66-72 Gy/30-33f of radical radiotherapy,one patient with rest rhabdomyosarcoma received 58 Gy of palliative radiation since breast metastasis was found after 14 Gy of radiation and breast mass resection were performed right after.For the breast metastasis,five of 6 patients received breast surgery,one patients with olfactory neuroblastoma received 6 cycles cyclophosphamide + adriamycin + vincristine chemotherapy.Median survival was 12.7 months.Conclusions For nasal cavity malignancy,breast metastasis more likely occur in younger female patients.Ultrasound may provide useful information in evaluating breast metastasis.Cases combined with metastasis except breast have unfavorable prognosis.

AIM: To observe clinical curative efficacy about Fushu Granule(Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Pollen Typhae,etc.) on extravasated-blood diseases such as women's lochia can't go or go but can't end,abdominal pain,menoxenia,dysmenorrhoea and amenorrhoea. METHODS: 400 cases were divided into two groups.250 cases of which were treated with Fushu Cranule and remaining 150 cases were treated with Motherwort Paste.A course of treatment was seven days for both. RESULTS: The effective rate of the treatment group was(92.8%),and the control one was(82.0%).Compared with the two groups,the difference was quite distinct(P

Objective To understand the job burnout status of bank staff and analyse the relationship between job burnout and self-efficacy,job satisfaction.Methods The job burnout,self-efficacy and job satisfaction of 8 942 bank staff was surveyed by Maslach burnout inventory-general survey(MBI-GS),general self-efficacy scale (GSES) and job satisfaction scale (JSS) respectively.Results A total of 8 942 questionnaires were issued and 7 486 valid questionnaires were returned.The score of self-efficacy in male was significantly higher than that in the female(P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in job satisfaction score between male and female(P ＞ 0.05).The score of emotional exhaustion (EE) in female was significantly higher than that in male,while the score of reduced personal accomplishment(RPA) was significantly lower than that in male (P ＜ 0.05);there was no significant difference in depersonalization (DP) score between male and female (P ＞ 0.05).The EE,DP and PAL scores of bank staff with post-graduate education were significantly lower than those with high school/secondary school and junior college/undergraduate (P ＜ 0.05);the DP and PAL scores of bank staff with junior college/undergraduate were significantly lower than those with high school/secondary school(P ＜ 0.05);there was no significant difference in EE score of bank staff between junior college/undergraduate and high school/secondary school(P ＞ 0.05).The EE score of age ＞ 50 years old bank staff was significantly lower than that of age ＜ 30 years old,30-40 years old and 41-50 years old (P ＜0.05);there was no significant difference in EE score among age ＜30 years old,30-40 years old and 41-50 years old bank staff (P ＞ 0.05).The DP score of 41-50 years old bank staff was significantly higher than that of age ＜ 30 years old (P ＜0.05);there was no significant difference in DP score among age ＜30 years old,30-40 years old and 41-50 years old bank staff (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in PAL score among all age groups (P ＞ 0.05).The three dimensions of job burnout had significant negative correlation with self-efficacy and job satisfaction (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Bank staff have a certain degree of job burnout.Age,sex,and education level maybe the influence factors of job burnout.Improvement of self-efficacy and job satisfaction may help to reduce the job burnout.

Objective To explore the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and fluoxetine on depression and cognition in the treatment of post-stroke depression (PSD).Methods A total of 82 PSD patients were divided into a treatment group and a control group using a random number table.Besides conventional neurological therapy,the treatment group was treated with rTMS combined with fluoxetine,while the control group was treated only with fluoxetine.Forty healthy persons acted as normal controls.The Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) was used to evaluate depressed emotions,and event-related potential (ERP) P300 and exploratory eye movement (EEM) were used to evaluate cognitive function.The three groups were tested before treatment and after 8 weeks of treatment.Results After 8 weeks of treatment the HAMD scores in both the treatment and control groups had decreased significantly compared with before treatment.The HAMD scores decreased significantly more in the treatment group than in the control group.Before treatment,the N2 and P3 iatencies of P300 in the treatment and control groups were significant longer than those in the normal group,and the average amplitude of P3 in the treatment and control groups was significantly lower than among the normal controls.Before treatment,the number of eye fixations (NEF) and the average responsive search score (RSS) in the treatment group and control groups were significantly lower than in the normal group.After 8 weeks after treatment,the N2 and P3 latencies were significantly shorter and the amplitude of P3 was significantly higher in the treatment and control groups than before treatment.The NEF and the average RSS in the treatment and control groups had increased significantly compared with before treatment.All of these indexes improved significantly more in the treatment group than in the control group.Conclusion rTMS combined with fluoxetine can improve depression and cognitive function among PSD patients better than antidepressant treatment alone.