Objective To evaluate the correlation between the irradiation dose and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) enhanced MR imaging of the irradiated liver. Methods 25 rabbits were separated randomly into 5 groups. 3 days after focal irradiation (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40Gy), MR imaging was performed before and after SPIO injection with TSE-T 2W sequence, and the number of Kupffer cell containing SPIO particles was counted. The characteristics of MR enhancement were evaluated according to the pathological findings.Results The liver injury induced by no less than 30Gy irradiation can be detected by SPIO-enhanced T 2 weighted imaging (P

OBJECTIVE:Using in vitro studies,we evaluated the antibacterial activity of amoxicillin/tazobactam against 128 strains of pathogens isolated from patients and compared with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and amoxicillin/sulbactam.METHODS:To detect the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC)of four ?-lactams against 128 clinically isolated strains with agar dilution method.RESULTS:The results indicated that the in vitro antibacterial activity of amoxicillin/tazobactam(2∶1) was the best.The MIC50 of amoxicillin/tazobactam(2∶1) is 1/4～1/8 times than those of amoxicillin/sulbutam and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.The MIC90 of amoxicillin/tazobactam(2∶1) was 1/2～1/4 of those of amoxicillin/sulbutam and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.The combination ratio 2∶1(amoxicillin/tazobactam)of the two compounds was more suitable than other combination ratios(4∶1 and 8∶1)for inactivating ?-lactamase.CONCLUSION:The in vitro antibacterial activities of amoxicillin/tazobactam(2∶1) against MRSA,MRSE,MSSA and E.coli are high.It showed that amoxicillin/tazobactam(2∶1)is stable to ?-lactamase and is an effective bactericidal agent.

Objective To investigate the correlation between bacterial cryptic growth cell(CGC)and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).Methods The techniques of micro-culture and morphological observation were employed in examination of the CGC in feces specimens of patients suffering from IBS.Furthermore,the animal monitoring tests was applied in the aspects of CGC formation under inducing factors and colonization at local intestinal mucus.Results A great deal of CGC could be observed in the feces of IBS patients and exhibited continuous proliferation characteristics regardless of using or not using antibiotics.And the CGC in feces showed auto-lysis features when the patients suffered from the disease.The monitoring tests demonstrated that the antibiotics often used presently to IBS patients could induce the formation and colonization of intestinal bacterial CGC.Conclusion Based on the experimental and clinical data,we presume that there is a correlation between intestinal bacterial CGC and IBS.

Objective Using MRI compatible OxyLiteTM fiber-optic microprobes to verify the reliability of detecting the oxygenation changes in rats C6 glioma by BOLD fMRI with non- hemodynamic response function (non-HRF) post-processing algorithm. Methods A total of 20 male SD rats were used to establish the subcutaneous C6 glioma model. GRE-EPI BOLD fMRI scans were performed in the tumor-bearing rats with Carbogen inhalation after anatomic scans using 1.5 T MR imaging system with
Micro-47 microscopic coil. Fiber-optic microprobes were implanted in tumor to acquire the dynamic pO2 indications during BOLD fMRI scan.“Oxy-localization map”and“oxy-amplitude map”were generated from BOLD functional image data by non-HRF post-processing algorithm analysis. A ROI about 1.5 mm on a side centered to the tip of microprobe was defined on the MRI morphological image, and then was copied onto the“oxy-localization map”and“oxy-amplitude map”to extract the values of significant re-oxygenation (T), percent BOLD signal change (ΔPSC). The mean difference of pO2(ΔpO2) measured by fiber-optic microprobes before(pO2-Air)and after (pO2-Car)Carbogen inhalation in the ROI areas was calculated. Correlation analysis was madebetween cov (T value, Δ pO2) and cov (ΔPSC value, Δ pO2). The difference between pO2-Air and pO2-Car were tested by Mann Whitney U test. Results pO2 was successfully measured and recorded from 23 points in tumor using fiber-optic microprobe during the BOLD fMRI scan. The analysis results both of physiological and functional imaging parameters were as follows: pO2-Air=2.285(19.056) mmHg,pO2-Car=14.701(48.390)mmHg,ΔpO2=8.107(33.557)mmHg,ΔPSC=0.402(2.192)%,T=2.025 (8.293). (1) 10 points were identified clearly in parenchyma area of tumor. The mean value of pO2 during air inhalation [19.462(21.511)mmHg] significantly increased after Carbogen inhalation [59.904(56.710)mmHg] (U=14.000,P=0.007). (2) 5 points were identified in tumor necrosis area. The mean value of pO2 during air inhalation [0.149(0.479)mmHg] showed no significant change comparing with Carbogen inhalation[0.273 (8.050)mmHg](U=9.000,P=0.465). (3) 8 points were identified in the boundary of tumor parenchyma and necrosis areas. Among which, 5 showed the similar pO2 change to that located in tumor necrosis area, 2 showed the similar to the tumor parenchyma. However, the pO2 showed continuously decrease after Carbogen inhalation in the last 1 point. TheΔpO2 measured from the total of 23 points correlated positively toΔPSC and T value extracted from the corresponding ROI (r=0.660,0.576,P<0.01). TheΔpO2 measured from 10 points in tumor parenchyma correlated positively to ΔPSC(r=0.717,P=0.020). Conclusion“Oxy-localization map”and“oxy-amplitude map”generated from BOLD fMRI combined with non-HRF post-processing algorithm could show reliably not only the location but also the extent where the re-oxygenation occurred within tumor.

Objective To explore the MRI features of patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD) for providing early evidence in differential diagnosis. Methods The MRI features of 24 patients with MSA, 30 patients with PD and 30 healthy people as controls were retrospectively analyzed. Abnormal intensity in MRI included the hot-cross bun sign and the slitlike changes. The atrophies of brain included cerebellar, middle cerebellar peduncles, medulla oblongata and pon. Cerebral ventricle dilatation included fourth ventricle and cisterna pontis. The midbrain area, pons area and middle cerebellar peduncles width were measured. Results All patients with MSA had at least one of the features observed on MR images, and there were some differences in the subtypes of MSA. The high sensitive features were the atrophies of middle cerebellar peduncles (79.2%), the atrophies of pons (79.2%) and the hot-cross bun sign (75.0%). The parameters with high specificity and high positive predictive value were hot-cross bun sign (both 100%), the slit-like sign (both 100%), the atrophies of middle cerebellar peduncles (93.3% and 90.1%), and the atrophies of pons (96.7% and 95.0%). MSA group had the statistically significantly decreased values of pons area, midbrain area and middle cerebellar peduncles width [(288. 7±75. 4) mm2, (127.8±25.8) mm2 and (10. 7±2.8) mm, respectively], as compared with PD group [(477. 5 ± 54. 3) mm2, (145.9±21.6) mm2 and (16.2±1.3) mm, respectively] and healthy group [(454. 5±36. 8) mm2 , (146.4±17.4) mm2 and (16.7±1.2) mm, respectively] (all P ＜0. 05). Conclusions The routine MRI is helpful in differential diagnosis between MSA and PD and has some values in diagnosing the subtypes of MSA.

Seventy eight patients who need bedside temporary cardiac pacing through left subclavian vein were divided into 2 groups. In group A (n=40) the "three-point measurement" method was applied: a was set for puncture point of left subclavian vein, b was the middle point of angulus sterni, c was the right edge of the sternum at the 4th intercostal space, the length of ab + bc was used to estimate the depth of right atrium for electrode to reach until the success of right ventricular pacing. In group B (n=38) the puncture to the right or the left subclavian vein for temporary pacing was performed with X-ray guidance in catheter lab. Total rescuing time, procedure time and the threshold voltage of cardiac pacing was recorded in each groups. All cases were successful paced without complication related emergency cardiac pacing with a successful rate of 100% in both groups. There was not difference between two groups in the procedure time and the threshold voltage of cardiac pacing (P > 0. 05). The total rescuing time of A group was (10.0± 2.2) min, and that of B group was (30.5±3.5) min (P<0.01). The average depth of the electrode was ab + bc +9.0 cm. The results suggest that "three-point measurement" method is valuable in the guiding of bedside emergent cardiac pacing through the left subclavian vein.

Objective To assess the diagnostic capability of spiral CT for giant pure seminoma in intraabdominal undescended testis.Methods Spiral CT of 6 cases with pure seminoma of inabdominal testes as proved by surgery and pathology were analyzed.All patients were male,and the age ranged from 31 to 45 years old with the mean of 35.2 years old.Results All tumors were located along the path of testicular descent on CT images.The arterial-supply of tumors all came from the testicular artery ipsilaterally.The draining vein could be seen between the mass and inferior vena cava or left renal vein in 5 cases.Isolaterally spermatic cord was absent in the inguinal region.Isolateral kidney was shifted upward.CT scans typically demonstrated a unilateral,mixed solid and cystic mass,with areas of solid located at the lateral aspect and areas of necrosis at the medial aspect.Contrast-enhanced CT scan showed mild enhancement of solid areas and band-like septal enhancement in areas of necrosis.There is no evidence of calcification or fat within the mass.Conclusion Spiral CT proves to be a very useful preoperative imaging modality for the giant intraabdominal seminoma.

Objective To observe the migration ability of different quantity of BMSCs labled with Resovist after transplanted in rat models with Parkinson disease (PD) with 1.5T MR scanner and micro-47 coil, in order to determine the optimal transplanted dosage of BMSCs and observation time in vivo. Methods Forty PD rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups (each n=8) including 1×10~5 BMSCs group, 1.5×10~5 BMSCs group, 2×10~5 BMSCs group, 2.5×10~5 BMSCs group and control group. FFE-T2WI were obtained immediately and 1 week, 4 weeks, 8 weeks after transplantation to measure and compare the volume of hypointense areas of different groups in different time with 1.5T and 47 mm inner diameter micro-coil. At the meantime, rotational behavior was assessed in each group. After MR scanning, the rats were executed and prepared for immunohistochemistry staining at 12 weeks after transplantation. Results Only the extent of the dark region became wider 4 weeks after transplantation in 2×10~5 BMSCs group (P=0.005). The therapeutic efficacy in 2×10~5 BMSCs group was the best confirmed by behaviour studies (P=0.02). Conclusion For the treatment of PD and evaluation of the migratory ability of BMSCs, the optimal transplanted dosage of BMSCs is 2×10~5, while the best observation time is 4 weeks after transplantation.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare etoposide-bovine serum albumin-microspheres (VP-BSA-MS)and to study the distribution and pharmacokinetics of VP-BSA-MS in mice. METHODS: The drug concentrations in various tissues were determined by high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). RESULTS: The VP-BSA-MS was injected into mice and (47.88?2.56 )% of the total dosage was detected in lung tissue 15min after administration,the pharmacokinetical equation was C=149.0 897e-1.7 780t+3.9 627e-0.0 398t —153.0 524e-3.5 054t. CONCLUSION:The VP-BSA-MS showed remakable targeting action to the lung and the pharmacokinetic regularity could be discribed as two-compartment model

OBJECTIVE： To prepare etoposide－ bovine serum albumin－ microspheres (VP－ BSA－ MS)and to study the distribution and pharmacokinetics of VP－ BSA－ MS in mice. METHODS: The drug concentrations in various tissues were determined by high－ performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). RESULTS: The VP－ BSA－ MS was injected into mice and (47.88± 2.56 )％ of the total dosage was detected in lung tissue 15min after administration， the pharmacokinetical equation was C=149.0 897e－ 1.7 780t＋ 3.9 627e－ 0.0 398t — 153.0 524e－ 3.5 054t. CONCLUSION： The VP－ BSA－ MS showed remakable targeting action to the lung and the pharmacokinetic regularity could be discribed as two－ compartment model