This paper is maintenance of four kinds of failures of Carestream GC1.5 the workstation used several years to summarize, workstation software, change the host, burn, workstations transmission, and four kinds of failures of the specific case of itemized elimination steps are introduced.
Computers ; standards ; Maintenance ; Software

Macrovascular complications are the main death or disabling causes of diabetic patients.In recent years,the results of a number of clinical trials aimed at preventing diabetic macrovascular complications have been unveiled.Comprehensive and systemic analysis of these results may give great enlightenment to the clinicans,as well as promote the work in preventing diabetic macroangiopathy in China.

Objective To investigate the expression and clonality of TCR V? subfamily T cell in 11 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis before and after renal transplantation.Methods The CDR3 of TCR V? 24 subfamily genes were amplified in samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells which were drawn before hemodialysis and at 20th day post-operatively. To observe the usage of TCR V? repertoire, the RT-PCR products were further labeled with fluorescent and analyzed by genescan technique for CDR3 size.Results (1) One patient was attacked by acute cellular rejection (ACR) and one suffered from delayed graft function (DGF) diagnosed by renal transplant biopsy. (2) 1-10 TCR V? subfamilies T cells could be identified before transplantation, and most of TCR V? subfamily T cells expressed as polyclonality. The most frequent expression of TCR V? genes was V?3. (3) Only 1-5 TCR V? subfamilies T cells could be detected post-operatively, most of them expressed as oligoclonality. The TCR V?3 subfamilies still were the most frequently expressed (in 9 cases). (4) There were no TCR V? subfamilies T cells before pulse of methylprednisolone, and were 5 subfamilies during pulse of methylprednisolone expressed as oligoclonality or biclonality, 2 subfamilies after ACR expressed as polyclonality. In DGF patient, there were 4 TCR V? subfamilies during DGF, and 5 following DGF.Conclusion (1) The significantly skew distribution of TCR V? subfamily T cells could be found in all patients with chronic renal failure and chronic hemodialysis. (2) Furthermore, the skewing distributions of TCR V? genes came to more significant at 20th day post-transplantation than before. (3) ACR might be closely associated with some special clones of TCR V? subfamily T cells, which subsided immediately after ACR. (4) The expression as polyclonality after ACR and DGF may indicate that the immune function partially was inclined to normalization even though immunosuppressed.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technique has been improving the industrial process from uniform pipeline production procedure in manufacture into individualized production with distributed network. 3D printing technique also provokes these changes in the field of medicine, especially in orthopedics, stomatology and radiology. The role of 3D printing technique has been increasingly highlighted in tumor radiotherapy. Current studies and application mainly focus on personalized tissue compensato (bolus), brachytherapy (high-dose post-loading and particle implantation therapy), 3D printing personalized phantom and individualized fixtures, etc. In this article, research progresses on the application of 3D printing technique in radiotherapy at home and abroad were reviewed.

BACKGROUND: Central nervous system (CNS) myelin is made up of 70% lipids and 30% proteins with human brain myelin basic protein (hMBP) constituting 1/3 of the proteins. MBP is a family of proteinswith four isoforms only in human brain. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of MBP and its immunological function. DESIGN: Single sample study. SETTING: Department of Biochemistry and Molecule Biology, Huaxi College of Priclinical Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University. MATERIALS: This experiment was conducted at Department of Bio chemistry and Molecule Biology, Huaxi College of Priclinical Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University from August 2003 to March 2004. Relative molecular weight was 215000 hMBP cDNA clone pGEMP,prokaryotic expression recombinant vector pGEX-5T, T4 DNA Ligase,calf intestine alkaline phosphates, X-gal, IPTG, 123 Ladder (BRL), nitrocellu lose ,4-chloro-1-Naphthol;MBP and Anti- MBP ELISA kit. INTERVENTIONS: ①hBMP gene cDNA clone segment was digested with EcoR1 and BamH1; ②Construction and transformation of the recombinant expression vector p5TMP; ③ The growth and induced expression of the recombinant expression vector transformed bacteria; ④ Preparation of the antibody of recombinant hMBP. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Detection and identification of the expressed protein product; ② Detection and identification of hMBP anti body. RESULTS: ① Screening and identification of recombinant MBP: The 4 999 bp pGEX-5T DNA and 557 bp MBP inserted fragment were obtained, indicating that the white colonies contained recombinant expression plasmid of exogenous DNA; ② A dense band disappeared from the control plasmid while a new special polypeptide band with apparent molecular weight 42 000 was detected in recombinant cell lysate; ③After 5 subcutaneous injections, antibody was obtained at 1:16 titer. The specificity of the antibody to MBP was confirmed.CONCLUSION: Compared with the original expression vector, the new constructed expression vector containing 215 000 MBP exons Ⅰ-Ⅶ coding sequence was not only without the coding area defects of 34 bp in 5' sequence but also expressed more highly in prokaryote obviously. In addition, the recombinant MBP antibody prepared successfully.

Objective To compare the applied value of BK virus DNA load detection in urine and plasma for diagnosis BK virus nephropathy (BKVN) in renal transplantation recipients.Method In 88 renal transplantation recipients receiving renal allograft from February 2011 to January 2012 in our institute,BK virus DNA load in urine and plasma was detected by using real-time PCR,and renal biopsy was performed on the recipients with gradual deterioration of the graft function or the loads of BKV replication being very high.The diagnosis of BKVN was confirmed by using immunohistochemistry.Results Of 88 recipients,there were 35 cases (39.8％) of viruria,18 cases (20.5％) of viremia and 5 cases (5.7％) of BKVN.The median BKV DNA load in both urine and plasma in BKVN recipients was significantly higher than in non-BKVN recipients (P＜0.05).The viruria sensitivity and specificity for BKVN were 100％ and 57.3％ (P =0.03),and the viremia sensitivity and specificity for BKVN was 100％ and 82.9％ (P =0.0002),respectively.We regraded viral load ≧ 105 copies/mL in plasma or ≥107 copies/mL in urine as the best discriminant cut-off value to predict the disease and to identify patients at risk of developing BKVAN.The positive cut-off value of urine's positive predictive value (PPV+) was 26.3％ and negative predictive vaule (PPV-) was 95.7％,and the positive cut-off value of plasma's positive predictive value (PPV +) was 83.3％ and negative predictive vaule (PPV-) was 98.8％.Conclusion The viral load ≥105 copies/mL in plasma can be used as the best discriminant cut-off value to predict the disease and to identify patients at risk of developing BKVAN,but the cut-off value of urine should be only used for screening BKV infection.

To determine the content of esculetin in the different parts of Viola philippica from various habitats by HPLC to provide the basis for the reasonable application and the quality assessment of the herb. Methods:The content of esculetin in roots, leaf stems and leaves of Viola philippica was determined by HPLC, and the proportion of various parts in the total grass was calculated, and the content of esculetin in Viola philippica from different habitats was compared. Results:The index ingredient esculetin was de-tected out in the roots, leaf stems and leaves, the content in leaf blades was the highest followed by leaf stalks, and that in root was the lowest. There were notable differences in the quality of Viola philippica from different habitats. Conclusion:The content of esculetin in the leaves of Viola philippica is the highest proportion, and that in Viola philippica from Hebei is the higher. The difference among the other habitats is relatively small. The results can provide reference for the harvest and reasonable application of Viola philippica.

Objective To study the factors which affect the preparation of compound lobelia gel and establish the optimal preparation process. Methods Based on single factor test, formability, spread performance, stability were used as comprehensive evaluation indicators to select the preparation process by orthogonal design, taking the dosage of carbopol-940, drug loading, 5% hydroxy ethyl benzene ethanol solution and triethanolamine as factors.The content of scutellarin in gel was determined by HPLC.Results The best prescription of compound lobelia gel was as follows: substrat of carbopol-940 was 0.25 g, 10% Azone for promoting the permeability was 2 g, pH regulator of triethanolamine was 1.0 g, moisturizer of glycerol was 0.4 g; preservatives of 5% ethylparaben ethanol solution was 0.3 g; the drug loading was 1 g processed herbs per 1 g gel. Conclusion The preparation process of compound lobelia gel is simple, the product is texture and delicate stable.

Objective To observe the effects of different dosages of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on generating the routine bone marrow dendritic cells, and supply suitable dosage of GM-CSF on preparation of dendritic cell vaccines used for different purpose. Methods Using low (5 ng/ml) and conventional (20 ng/ml) and high dosage( 50 ng/ml ) of GM-CSF combined interleukin-4 ( IL-4 ) to induce murine bone marrow dendritic cells were performed, The phenotypes (CD_(11c), CD_(80), CD_(86)) and functional properties of the DC were compared by FACS analysis and MLR. Results The DC induced by low dosage of GM-CSF were immature DC, expressing low CD_(11c), CD_(80), and CD_(86). DC induced by conventional dosage were functional mature, expressing higher CD_(11c), CD_(80), CD_(86), which could induce allogeneic T lymphocyte responses. DC induced by the high dosage GM-CSF were the most phetotypicaUy and functional mature cells, expressing the highest CD_(11c), CD_(80) CD_(86), which could induce the strongest allogeneic T lymphocyte responses. Conclusion The dosages of GM-CSF affect the maturation stage of dendritic cells. Low dosage of GM-CSF generated immature dendritic cells, but conventional dosage and high dosage generated mature dendritic cells. DC generated through high dosage of GM-CSF were the most mature in phenotype and function.

Objective To study complement receptor typeⅠ(CR1)activity of erythrocytes in pa-tients with SLE.Methods Using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP),CR1rosette(RBC-CR1R)and immuno-complex rosette(RBC-ICR)on red cell,the ery-throcyte complement receptor I type(ECR1)genomic density polymorphism(HH type,HL type,LL type)and erythrocyte CR1immune activity were determined in32patients with SLE and in48normal individuals.Results It was found that HH type rate of ECR1density polymorphism in patients with active SLE was significantly lower(10/16,62.5%)than that(13/16,81.3%)in patients with stable SLE.The level of CR1immune activity in HH type was significantly higher than that in HL,LL type of SLE,and significantly dif-ferent from that in48normal individuals(P