Objective To compare the sclerotherapic effects of different concentrations of lauromacrogol on endometrial cyst models in rats in two ways :10 minutes retention with extraction and retention without extraction .Methods Ninety SD rats after modeling were randomly divided into three groups :group A ,10 minutes retention with extraction;group B ,retention without extraction;group C , normal saline .While both A and B group were randomly divided into four subgroups with different concentrations :1% ,0 5.% ,0 2.5% ,and 0 1.25% . Seven days after treatment the cure rates and histopathological changes were observed .Results Cure rates in group A were 86 7.% ,71 4.% ,50% and 20% ;in group B were 100% ,100% ,87 5.% and 37 5.% .In both A and B groups ,the cure rates were not significantly different between 1% ,0 5.% and 0 2.5% concentration subgroups ( P >0 0.5) ,the cure rates of these subgroups in group B had statistical significance with 0 1.25% concentration subgroups and the saline control group( P <0 0.5) ,but there were no significant difference between 0 2.5% and 0 1.25% concentration subgroups in group A .Compared the differences of the cure rates among the same concentration subgroups , it had no statistical significance in groups A and B of 1% and 0 1.25% concentration subgroups( P >0 0.5) , but between 0 5.% and 0 2.5% concentration subgroups ,it had statistical significance( P <0 0.5) .Conclusions It will be conductive to enhancing the sclerotherapic effect if the lauromacrogol concentration remains above 0 2.5% and does not be extracted from the cyst models .

A simple assay for detection of phospholipase C (PLC) activity was developed based on a fluorescence liposome probe using the Liss Rhod PE-loaded phospholipid liposomes.The liposome probe was prepared by the coassembly of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and fluorescent lipid (Liss Rhod PE).The probe showed very low background fluorescence due to fluorescence self-quenching effect of Liss Rhod PE.As the PLC enzyme selectively digested lipid, the Rhod fluorescence was recovered from its quenched state, leading to the sensitive detection of PLC.This assay provided a limit of detection (at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3) of 2 U/L for PLC.In the presence of PLC inhibitor, the fluorescent response of the sensor for PLC decreased, indicating that the assay could also be used for screening PLC inhibitors.

Through analysis and summary of the biological characteristics of various biomarkers, to explore the reliability of different markers for early diagnosis of osteoarthritis. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, N-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen and C-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type Ⅱ collagen are the possible effective markers in osteoarthritis early diagnosis. Hyaluronic acid and C-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type I collagen are more suitable for evaluating the ollurrence and derelopment of osteoarthritis. The efficacy of miRNA and lncRNA in osteoarthritis diagnosis and evaluation remains to be proved. Each marker may has two or more biological effect, this paper will focus on finding out an accurate and stable marker with the analysis and summary of present bio-markers.

Objective:To investigate the effects of posterior condylar offset (PCO) change on functional recovery after high-flexion posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods:From December 2018 to May 2019, a total of 76 patients (7 males and 69 females) who underwent primary TKA were included. The age of patients was 67.78±5.13 years (56-75 years). Preoperative and postoperative radiological PCO were measured by lateral knee X-ray. The true preoperative PCO was defined as the sum of radiological PCO and the thickness of posterior condylar cartilage. According to the changing of PCO (ture preoperative PCO - postoperative PCO), the subjects were divided into four groups, namely 28 cases in ≤-3 mm group, 23 cases in -3 mm- group, 15 cases in 0 mm- group and 10 cases in ≥3 mm group. The parameters, including age, body mass index, range of motion (ROM), Knee Society Scores (KSS) and visual analogue score (VAS) before the operation, were not significantly different among four groups. ROM, KSS, VAS at 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months after the operation were compared among the four groups.Results:There were good inter-observer reliabilities regarding the parameters measured in this study ( ICC>0.75). The KSS, ROM, VAS of all the subjects after operation were significantly better than those before the operation ( F=318.768, 64.983, 361.749; P=0.000). In all groups, the recovery of KSS and VAS last to 6 months after the operation. The ROM trended to be stable at the 3 months after the operation. At 6 months after operation, ROM, KSS and VAS of ≤-3 mm group was 116.07°±9.66°, 156.25±21.49, and 1.18±0.94, respectively. These parameters of -3 mm- group was 119.57°±7.52°, 162.17±17.09, and 1.26±0.86. However, these parameters of 0 mm- group was 126.07°±5.25°, 161.86±8.86, 1.00±0.55, respectively. These of ≥3 mm group was 118.00°±4.21°, 156.60±16.98 and 1.30±0.95. The KSS, KSS anatomy score, KSS function score and VAS were not significantly different at any follow-up point among four groups. The ROM of 0 mm- group at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after operation (118.57°±13.07°, 25.00°±6.20°, 126.07°±5.25°) was significantly different from other three groups ( F=4.966, P=0.003; F=4.179, P=0.006; F=5.262, P=0.003), while 0 mm- group's ROM were greater than other three groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Increasing within 3 mm of PCO was related to larger postoperative ROM in high-flexion posterior-stabilized TKA. However, change of PCO had no influence on the outcomes of KSS recovery and pain relief.

Objective:To investigate the infection of spotted fever group Rickettsiae (SFGR) and Rickettsia mooseri ( R.mooseri) of wild rodents in the field of plague foci in Western Yunnan. Methods:The DNA of liver samples of 2 512 wild rodents captured from the plague foci in Lianghe County, Jianchuan County and Yulong County in Western Yunnan from 2015 to 2016 was extracted by magnetic bead method, and the heat shock protein groEL gene primers were used for nested PCR amplification. Gene sequence splicing and Blast homology comparison were performed using DNAStar 7.1 software and GenBank of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) of the United States, respectively, and DNAStar 7.1 and MEGA 6.0 softwares were used to construct phylogenetic trees.Results:The wild rodents infected with SFGR were Mus pahari, Rattus steini, Crocidura attenuata and Suncus murinus (one for each), with a total infection rate of 0.16% (4/2 512); no R.mooseri infection was detected. The SFGR infection rates of wild rodents in the plague foci of Lianghe County and Jianchuan County were 0.49% (3/611) and 0.10% (1/1 029), respectively; no SFGR infection was detected in the wild rodents in the plague foci of Yulong County. The homology analysis showed that the homology between SFGR positive samples and reference sequences was 95.45%-100.00%; some of the groEL gene sequences were highly similar among the four positive samples, and the homology was 89.60%-97.40%. Sequence evolution analysis showed that the sequences of three SFGR positive samples from the plague focus in Lianghe County were clustered in the same branch, and the homology reached 94.40%-97.40%; one positive sample sequence from the plague focus in Jianchuan County was clustered in one branch. Conclusion:SFGR infection rate of wild rodents in the field of plague foci in Western Yunnan is low, and no R.mooseri infection is found.

Melanoma accounts for a small proportion of skin cancers diagnosed each year, but it has a high degree of malignancy and rapid progression, resulting in a short survival period for patients. The incidence of melanoma continues to rise, and now melanoma accounts for 1.7% of cancer diagnoses worldwide and is the fifth most common cancer in the United States. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, the understanding of the pathophysiology of melanoma had also been improved. The most common activating mutations in melanoma cells are BRAF , NRAS , and KIT mutations, which disrupt cell signaling pathways related to tumor proliferation. The progress has led to the emergence of molecularly targeted drugs, which extends the survival of patients with advanced melanoma. A large number of clinical trials have been conducted to confirm that targeted therapy for patients with advanced melanoma can improve progression-free survival and overall survival, and for stage III patients after radical tumor resection targeted therapy can reduce the recurrence of melanoma. Patients who were originally stage III or IV inoperable have the opportunity to achieve tumor radical resection after targeted therapy. This article reviewed the clinical trial data and summarized the clinical benefits and limitations of these therapies.
Humans ; United States ; Melanoma/genetics* ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology* ; Mutation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/therapeutic use*

Objective:To evaluate the association between smoking and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) incidence among Asian adults based on the prospective studies.Methods:Prospective studies conducted on Asian adults through May, 2019 were retrieved from the following databases: SinoMed, CNKI, VIP, WanFang, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Then data were extracted on smoking status, smoking quantity, the number of newly-onset T2DM cases, and effect sizes.Results:A total of 31 studies were included. There were 2 159 787 investigators, 599 340 (27.75%) smokers, and 124 883 (5.78%) T2DM cases identified during the mean follow-up period of 8.3 years. Compared with non-smokers, the combined relativerisk ( RR) and 95% confidence interval ( CI) of current smokers and quitting smokers were 1.52 (1.34- -1.72) ( P<0.001) and 1.22 (1.09- -1.37) ( P=0.047), respectively. The RR and 95% CI of light smokers (<20/day), moderate smokers (20- -29/day), and heavy smokers (≥30/day) were 1.31(1.21- -1.53) ( P=0.001),1.42(1.14- -1.76)( P=0.212), and 2.17(1.50- -3.16) ( P=0.198), respectively. In males and females, the RR and 95% CI were 1.15 (1.08- -1.21) ( P<0.001) and 1.20 (1.11- -1.30) ( P=0.038), respectively. In addition, compared with non-smokers, the RR and 95% CI of current smokers were 1.57 (1.22- -2.03) ( P<0.001) and 1.47 (1.30- -1.66) ( P=0.063) during the follow-up periods of less than and more than 8.0 years, respectively, while the RR and 95% CI of quitters were 1.23 (1.06- -1.43) ( P=0.091)and 1.20 (1.07- -1.34) ( P=0.041), respectively. Conclusions:Prospective studies based on Asian adults have shown that smoking significantly increases the risk of diabetes incidence. That is, as cigarette consumption increases, the risk of diabetes increases accordingly. Moreover, compared to males, the risk for female smokers is greater. In addition, longer durations of smoking cessation are associated with a lower risk of T2DM.

Objective:To explore the treatment methods and clinical efficacy of penetrating high-voltage electric burns to thoracoabdominal wall.Methods:This study was a retrospective observational study. From March 2020 to March 2023, six male patients with penetrating high-voltage electric burns to thoracoabdominal wall who met the inclusion criteria were hospitalized at West China Hospital of Sichuan University, aged 42 to 57 years. Among them, one patient had thoracoabdominal wall defects with perforation and necrosis of the gastric wall and diaphragm, two patients had thoracoabdominal wall defects with perforation and necrosis of the gastric wall alone, and three patients had abdominal wall defects with perforation and necrosis of the small intestine. In the emergency department, aesthetic plastic and burn surgery, general surgery, and/or thoracic surgery doctors jointly formulated an emergency surgery plan for the patients. Three patients with perforation and necrosis of the gastric wall underwent subtotal gastrectomy and anastomosis. One of them, who also had diaphragmatic perforation and necrosis, underwent resection of the necrotic diaphragm and repair. The other three patients with perforation and necrosis of the small intestine underwent resection and anastomosis of the necrotic intestinal segment. After debriding the thoracoabdominal wall wounds conservatively in stage Ⅰ and repairing the abdominal wall defects with greater omentum coverage, the thoracoabdominal wall wounds were treated with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD). Seven days later, a stage Ⅱ thorough debridement of the thoracoabdominal wall wounds was performed, and bovine acellular dermal matrix was transplanted onto the surface of the greater omentum and the surrounding skin wounds without skin coverage, and the VSD treatment of the thoracoabdominal wall wounds was continued. After 7 days, the VSD treatment was stopped, and after the fresh granulation tissue well developed in the wounds, a stage Ⅲ transplantation of meshed split-thickness skin graft from the lateral femur was performed to close the thoracoabdominal wall wounds, followed by continuing VSD treatment for another 7 days. Data were recorded including the status of patients' enteral nutrition recovery and occurrence of complications such as abdominal infection after stage Ⅰ surgery, the time from starting moist dressing change to the wound being ready for skin grafting after stage Ⅱ surgery, the microbiological culture of wound exudate samples and conditions of wound surrounding areas from starting moist dressing change to wound healing after stage Ⅱ surgery, skin graft survival, and wound healing time. Follow-up was carried out to observe the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms, abdominal wall hernia, scars, and functional disorders, etc.Results:All six patients resumed enteral nutrition on day 2 to 4 after stage Ⅰ surgery, with no occurrence of intestinal obstruction, anastomotic leakage, or abdominal infection. The time from starting moist dressing change to the wound being ready for skin grafting after stage Ⅱ surgery was 8 (6, 12) days. During the period from starting moist dressing change to wound healing after stage Ⅱ surgery, microbiological culture of wound exudate sample showed Enterobacter cloacae in one patient and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in another patient, while the remaining four patients had negative cultures; no patient developed wound edge inflammation. All grafted skin survived, and the wound healing time was 38 (30, 46) days. During follow-up from 12 to 36 months after stage Ⅲ surgery, patients had no intractable constipation or intestinal obstruction symptoms, no obvious local tissue herniation requiring surgical treatment, no scar ulceration, and no functional disorders. Conclusions:For penetrating high-voltage electric burns to thoracoabdominal wall, a sequential three-stage surgical treatment plan under a multidisciplinary team collaboration model can effectively protect organ function and control wound infection. Long-term follow-up shows good gastrointestinal function and thoracoabdominal wall appearance. This method is highly reproducible and effective, which is suitable for clinical promotion and use.

【Objective】 To investigate the effects and molecular mechanism of Elafibranor (ELA) on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of human prostate cancer (PCa) cells. 【Methods】 After PCa DU145 cells were treated with culture media containing different dosages of ELA, the proliferation, migration and apoptosis were determined with MTT assay, wound healing assay and Transwell assay, respectively. The expressions of genes related to lipid metabolism were detected with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time qPCR). 【Results】 The relative cell proliferation rate at 48 h was 100% in the blank control group, (86.9±7.8)% in the low-dose (5 μmol/L) group and (58.5±9.4)% in the high-dose (15 μmol/L) group;the wound healing rate at 24 h was (74.7±3.2)%, (61.8±2.9)% and (53.2±3.3)%;the relative percentage of migrated cells at 24 h was 100%, (32.4±11.2)% and (15.4±3.2)%;the cell apoptosis rate at 48 h was (9.3±1.4)%, (11.3±0.3)%, and (15.2±4.5)%, respectively, all P<0.05. After ELA treatment for 48 h, the genes related to fatty acid intake (SCPX, PLTP) and fatty acid oxidation (PDK1, ACOX2) were significantly down-regulated in the high-dose group, while the gene related to fatty acid deposition (PLIN2) was significantly up-regulated, indicating that the lipid metabolism pathway of DU145 cells was seriously interfered by the ELA treatment. 【Conclusion】 ELA can inhibit the proliferation and migration, and promote the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells by interfering in the lipid metabolism pathway, which exhibits remarkable potential of clinical translation in the field of anti-tumor chemotherapy.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is the main pathogen that causes COVID-19,which is fast-mutating and highly transmissible.The infection has led to a global epidemic.As the main preventive and control measure,vaccination plays a critical role in fighting a-gainst COVID-19.Although a large number of epitope-based and mucosal vaccines have been stud-ied,few peptide epitope vaccines targeting the mucosa and their functional evaluation have been re-ported.In this study,we used SARS-CoV-2 structural protein M peptide epitope predicted by the IEDB database as an antigenic target to design the MS-3S gene containing 3 050 and 1 229 signal peptides and DCpep optimized for insertion into MS2 phage coat proteins.The expression plasmid pSIP:MS-3S was constructed by cloning the PCR fragments seamlessly and was transformed into Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 18 to obtain the recombinant bacterium LP18:MS-3S.Expression conditions such as induction time,inducer concentration,rotational speed and initial pH were opti-mized.The intranasal immunization experiments were performed to examine the vaccine efficacy.The results showed that the 916 bp-long target gene MS-3S modified and optimized was amplified and used to successfully construct the recombinant bacterial strain LP18:MS-3S.The optimal con-ditions for recombinant protein expression were obtained and verified by Western blot,flow cy-tometry,immunofluorescence and other detection methods.The optimal expression conditions were determined as follows:induction time was 4 h with 100 pg/L of SppIP as the optimal induction concentration.Antibody-specific for the epitope was verified by ELISA experiments in serum,alve-olar lavage fluid and fecal dilutions of mice.In summary,a recombinant bacterial strain expressing the epitope antigen of the SARS-CoV-2 M protein peptide was constructed.The obtained protein can induce the body to produce humoral and mucosal immunity,which lays the foundation for the development of a vaccine candidate for the mucosal immunity of COVID-19.