OBJECTIVE:To compare the contents of triterpenoids,polysaccharides and heavy metals in Ganoderma lucidum sporule powder and Ganoderma lucidum.METHODS:The triterpenoid compounds in Ganoderma lucidum sporule powder and Ganoderma lucidum samples were analyzed by HPLC;five heavy metals in the samples were determined by ICP-MS and the polysaccharides were quantified by anthrone-sulfuric acid method.RESULTS:There were significant differences beween Ganoderma lucidum sporule powder and Ganoderma lucidum in the HPLC characteristic chromatogram of triterpenoid compunds.The total content of polysaccharide in Ganoderma lucidum sporule powder was higher than in Ganoderma lucidum sample.However,the five heavy metals in the two materials showed no marked differences.CONCLUSION:This study provides theoretical basis for the pharmacological difference between Ganoderma lucidum sporule powder and Ganoderma lucidum.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a common cerebrovascular disease,its disability and mortality rates are higher.It has been confkmed that early brain injury (EBI) and cerebral vasospasm (CVS) are the major pathophysiological mechanisms of causing neurological dysfunction and death after SAH.There are a variety of factors of causing CVS and EBI,including nitric oxide,endothelin,oxyhemoglobin,and proinflarnmatory cytokines.A large number of animal experiments and clinical research have confrmed that statins have neuroprotective effects.This article reviews the neuroprotective effects and its mechanisms of statins in SAH

Peripheral blood gene expression profiling represents the pattern of expression of all genes in peripheral blood cells.By comparing the different gene expression of peripheral blood between cancer patients and healthy control or patients with alternative types of tumors,we can draw genes of different expression and further analyze the characteristic gene expression profiling to assist diagnosis and treatment.There have been remarkable advance in study of peripheral blood gene expression profiling in head and neck tumors,chest tumors,abdominal tumors,urinary tract and male reproductive system tumors,gynecological tumors and so on,which lay a foundation for further clinical applications.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the growth inhibition and apoptosis of BGC-823 gastric cancer cells induced by Oridonin and its mechanism. METHODS: The Oridonin-treated BGC-823 cells were detected using MTT, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), TUNEL and flow cytometry (FCM) etc. RESULTS: Oridonin(16, 32, and 64 ?g?mL-1) significantly inhibited the proliferation of BGC-823 cells in dose and time dependent manner, with the inhibition rates at 68.5%, 90.8%, and 94.7%, respectively within 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment with 64 ?g?mL-1 Oridnin. When treated with 32 ?g?mL-1 Oridonin for 2 h,mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum were proliferated and swelled under TEM; At 8 h,vacuolization of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum were noted, the internal structure disappeared, and the nuclear chromatin margination vacuolization were in typical apoptosis change; At 24 h, BGC-823 cells were arrested at G2/M phase, and the apoptosis rate was 37.8% under FCM. CONCLUSION: Oridonin inhibiting proliferation and apoptosis of BGC-823 cells maybe related to G2/M phase arresting, and Oridonin induce apoptosis of BGC-823 cells may through mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum apoptosis pathway.

Objective To investigate the antioxidant activity of Enteromorpha prolifera by ABTS radical scavenging assay in vitro and provide scientific basis for exploitation of Enteromorpha prolifera.Methods The antioxidant activities of extracts by different solvents from Enteromorpha prolifera and water extracts from different Enteromorpha prolifera samples were investigated by ABTS radical scavenging assay.Moreover,the antioxidant ability of the water extract from Enteromorpha prolifera was evaluated by using caffeic acid and ascorbic acid as positive control standards.Results The water extract from Enteromorpha prolifera provided the highest radical scavenging activity,and the antioxidant capability of 1mL of water extract from Enteromorpha prolifera was equivalent to 1mL of 2.55 10~(-3) mg?mL~(-1) caffeic acid or 1mL of 2.89?10~(-3)mg?mL~(-1) ascorbic acid.However,the extraction methods,dry sample or not and different kinds of Enteromorpha prolifera samples had certain influence on the antioxidant activity of water extract from Enteromorpha prolifera. Conclusion There are abundant antioxidant compounds present in the aqueous extract of Enteromorpha prolifera,and it can be exploited as latent oxidation inhibitor.

ObjectiveTo analyze the different effects of spiral progress method and traditional method used in computer teaching in TCM colleges and universities.MethodsStudents were divided into the groups of spiral and traditional. At the end of the course, students would have a course examination.Results Students in spiral group got better scores than students in traditional group (P<0.05).Conclusion Using spiral progress method in computer teaching in TCM colleges and universities can help students develop the right thinking model and scientific learning method. It can also improve students’ ability to use computer knowledge in TCM study and research.

Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in combination with 30% percutaneous acetic acid injection (PAI) under B-ultrasonic guidance to cure primary massive hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Twinty three patients with intermediate or advanced stage of massive hepatocellular carcinomas were undergone transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. After 15-20 days, 30% percutaneous acetic injection was done for 2-3 times under B-ultrasonic guidance. Results After 2-3 periods of treatment, a significant difference (P

Objective To evaluate osteogenetic effectiveness of hyaluronic acid (HA) mixed with adenovirus mediated human bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene(Adv-hBMP-2) transfected bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) of rabbits in the repair of radial shaft defects of rabbits. Methods The BMSCs were collected from bone marrow of rabbits, cultured and transfected by Adv-hBMP-2 in vitro. The radial shaft defects (1.5 cm) models of 20 rabbits (40 sides) were created and then respectively injected the cells and/or materials according to the following four groups (n=10): Ⅰ, Adv-hBMP-2 transfected BMSCs+HA; Ⅱ, Adv-hBMP-2 transfected BMSCs; Ⅲ, HA; Ⅳ, control. Results The bone defects of 6 out of 8 sides in the group Ⅰ were repaired completely and partial bone marrow cavities were revasculized. Only 3 sides were repaired completely in the group Ⅱ and no side was repaired completely in the groups Ⅲ and control. There were statistic significance between each groups in X-ray scores. In the groups ofⅠand Ⅱ, much woven callus formed in the sites of the bone defects in the 4-8th week after injection. Partial bone marrow cavities were revasculized in the 12th week after injection; while in the groups of HA and control, the sites of bone defects were mainly full of fibrous tissue and no healing happened. Both ends of the bone defects were hardened. There was significant difference statistically in the new trabecular bone area in the groups ofⅠand Ⅱ. The maximum vertical loading and elastic modulus were significant differenct in the group ⅠandⅡ. The ratios of average maximum vertical loading/normal value of radial shaft in the groups ofⅠandⅡwere 75.86% and 45.45%, respectively. Conclusion The tissue-engineered bone made by HA mixed with Adv-hBMP-2 transfected BMSCs can repair the bone defects in the radial shaft of rabbits. HA is a safe, effective carrier for tissue engineering.

In recent years, the eradication rate of standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection has been reduced to less than 80% because of many factors, such as strain variation, drug resistance and cross infection of different strains.As more and more cases with failure of initial eradication therapy, the focus of clinical practice is to explore new alternative rescue therapies.Aims: To assess the efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii combined with moxifloxacin-based triple regimen for rescue therapy of Hp infection.Methods: A total of 400 patients with chronic gastritis who had failed initial bismuth quadruple therapy were enrolled and randomly assigned into two groups: 200 cases of control group and 200 cases of test group.Patients in control group received a rescue triple therapy (esomeprazole, amoxicillin and moxifloxacin) for 14 days and those in test group with the further addition of Saccharomyces boulardii sachets.Hp eradication was assessed by 13C/14C-urea breath test four weeks after treatment, and the adverse events during treatment course were observed.Results: The Hp eradication rates in control group and test group were 80.1% (121/151) and 90.4% (142/157) by per-protocol (PP) analysis, respectively, and 60.5% (121/200) and 71.0% (142/200) by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, respectively.The eradication rate in test group was significantly higher than that in control group by both PP and ITT analyses (P<0.05).The incidence rate of adverse events was significantly lower in test group than in control group (9.6% vs.17.9%, P<0.05).Conclusions: Saccharomyces boulardii added to moxifloxacin-based rescue triple therapy could increase the eradication rate of Hp infection with less adverse events.

Objective To study and evaluate the inhibitory role of ?-carboxyglutamic acid(Gla)in the Gla domain of prothrombin in the formation of calcium oxalate crystals. Methods The addition of morpholine and formaldehyde to the solution of prothrombin caused the conversion of 8 Gla to ?-methyleneglutamic acid (8?-MGlu)or 2 Gla to ?-methyleneglutamic acid(2?-MGlu) ,the inhibitory activity of which to calcium oxalate crystallization was detected with seeded crystallization technique. Results The conversion of Gla to ?-MGlu leads to the decreased inhibitory activity of prothrombin to calcium oxalate crystallization,the inhibitory index being decreased from normal 14.2 to 12.8 of 2?-MGlu or 5.0 of 8 ?-MGlu prothrombin respectively. Conclusions Gla in prothrombin may play an important role to inhibit the formation of calcium oxalate calculi.