In recent years,the occurrence of children asthma is growing rapidly yearly,which seriously threatens the health of children.Breastfeeding can be a protective factor to asthma.While several studies indicate that breastfeeding cannot prevent asthma and even can increase the occurrence of asthma in the later stage.Debates still remain on the affections of breasffeeding on the children asthma.More large-sample investigations are needed inorder to acquire the occurrence rate of asthma.

OBJECTIVE:To develop a HPLC method for determination of the content of baicalin in Kugan gran?ules.METHODS:ODS-C 18 column was used and methanol-water-acetic acid(45∶55∶1)was used as mobile phase and UV detection wavelength was274nm.RESULTS:There was a good linear relationship between the concentration of Baicalin and absorption area value in range of0.25?g～2.5?g r=0.9992.The average recovery was98.4%with RSD=1.09%(n=5). CONCLUSION:The method was highly repeatable and accurate.

ObjectiveTo employ the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165) gene transfected rabbbit osteoplast to combine with the porous nano-hydrxyapatite crystal (n-HA)/polyam ide 66(/PA66) so as to evaluate the osteogenesis and rapid revascularization early after repair of the rabbit radius bone defects with the tissue-engineered bone (n-HA/PA66/osteoplast/VEGF165).MethodsThe animal models of bilateral radius bone defects were created in 56 New Zealand white rabbits that were then randomly divided into Group A and Group B.In Group A, the animals were implanted with n-HA/PA66on the left bone defects (Group Al) and with n-HA/PA66/VEGF165 composite materials on the right bone defects (Group A2). In Group B, the animals were implanted with n-HA/PA66/osteoplast/VEGF165 composite materials on the left side (Group B1) and with n-HA/PA66/osteoplast on the right side (Group B2).Gross, digital radiography, histological sections, vessel count and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation.ResultsThe osteogenesis and revascularization in Group B1 was superior to that in the other groups at each time point, with statistical difference (P ＜0.05).The revascularization and osteogenesis in Groups B1 and B2 was far better than that in Groups A1 and A2, with no statistical difference between Group A1 and Group A2.ConclusionsThe new tissue-engineered bone (n-HA/PA66/osteoplast/VEGF165) has a perfect osteogenetic effect and can promote rapid revascularization and the bone healing in the early stage after repair of the bone defects.

ObjectiveTo evaluate selectave blocking of hepatic artery tor hepatectomy in onder to reduce blood loss. MethodsPatients with liver cancer in right hepatic lobe were randomly divided into study group (n =25 ) and control group (n =31).Conventional posterior approach for liver tumor resection was applied.In study group,right hepatic artery was first freed and inflow was temporarily blocked before the right liver lobe was freed from its peripheral attachment.Then hepatectomy was performed under Pringle's manouver. Result in term of blood loss was compared with that in control group in which hepatectomy was performed under Pringle's. ResultsThere were no significant differences between two groups in age,sex,tumor size,liver cirrhosis,HBsAg,AFP and tumor emboli in portal vein.Blood loss in study group was significantty less (272 ± 113 ) ml than that in control group (547 ± 221) ml,the difference was statistically significant(t =-5.6,P ＜ 0.01).The length of hospital stay was significantly shorter than that in control group ( t =- 2.12,P ＜ 0.05 ). ConclusionsInitial hepatic artery blochade before liver freeing during the process of hepatectomy significantly reduced intraoperative in blood loss liver cancer patients.

Objective: To assess the technique, efficacy, security and side effects of percutaneous ethanol injection(PEI) in treating the cystic thyroid adenomas. Methods: Fifty seven patients(male 34, female 23) with unilateral and solitary benign cystic thyroid adenoma received PEI therapy under high resolution ultrasound guidance. The medial age of the patients was 47 years(ranging 29 62). The mean diameter in the largest section of the thyroid adenomas was (37.55?5.64) mm(17 59 mm). The thyroid lesions in 12 patients consisted of cystic lumen mixed with solid structure, and the rest 45 had entire cystic thyroid lesions. Ultrasound reexamination of thyroid lesions was done 3 months after the initial treatment. Significant curative effect was defined as an adenoma volume shrinkage rate larger than 50%. The efficacious result was defined as a volume shrinkage rate between 40% and 50% together with a further shrink over a 6 month duration follow up. Those patients with adenoma volume shrinkage rate less than 40% underwent a second PEI after 6 months. Results: Over a mean duration of 25.5 months follow up, 66.7% subjects with entirely cystic had significant curative outcome; 19.3% subjects had efficacious result; and 9.8% subjects needed a second PEI and their thyroid lesions contained more solid tissue. There were 5.3% subjects were transfered to open surgery due to colloid cyst fluid. Twenty one patients complained of intraoperative local transient pain; 15 patients had transient pyrexia in the 48 h after injection, and 3 patients were affected by post operative transient dysphonia. No serious bleeding were encountered, and no apparent change of serum T 3,T 4,TSH level was observed. Conclusion: Ultrasound guided PEI therapy is an effective, safe and simple procedure for the ablation of cystic thyroid adenoma. Careful selection of subjects according to their preoperative thyroid ultrasonographies can reduce the unsuccessful PEI. A selective volume of ethanol injection consistent with the adenoma size on sonograms and a thorough flush with ethanol can improve the efficacy of PEI.

Objective:To separate chemical and active constituents from the stem bark of Albiza julibrissin . Methods:Chromatography and spectral methods were used. Results:3 O ? D xylopyranosyl (1→2) ? L arabinopyranosyl (1→6) ? D glucopyranosyl 21 O {(6 S) 2 trans 2 hydroxymethyl 6 methyl 6 O [3 O (6 S ) 2 trans 2 hydroxymethyl 6 methyl 6 hydroxy 2,7 octadienoyl) ? D xylopyranosyl] 2,7 octadienoyl} acacic acid 28 O ? D glucopyranosyl (1→3) [? L arabinofuranosyl (1→4)] ? L rhamnopyranosyl (1→2) ? D glucopyranosyl ester (1) was separated and identified. Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new saponin named as Julibroside J 24 .

Objective To evaluate the value of bile duct drainage using ureter catheter through cystic duct remnant with primary closure of the common bile duct(CBD) incision after CBD exploration.Methods (Retrospective) analysis of the clinical data of 218 cases using this method. Results All cases were operated on successfully.There were no complications such as bile leakage,bile duct stricture in this series.The (catheter) were removed 5-7 days after operation in 215 cases,10 days after operation in 3.None of the 218 cases had complications after removal of the catheter.The rate of stone clearance was 99.7%(217/218).Average hospitalization time after operation was(6.5?3.0)days.All the 218 cases were followed up for 1-5 years.On ultrosounography no bile duct stricture was found in the followed up cases.Conclusions (Using) ureteral catheter through cystic duct remnant for drainage of bile duct after CBD exploration with primary closure of the CBD is an effctive,reliable and safe method in preventing postoperative bile leakage,bile duct stricture and diagnosis of the postoperative retention of bile duct stones.

BACKGROUND:LARS artificial ligament was designed by Laboureau from France using polyethylene terephthalates with the anatomic structure of human ligament and mechanical principle of weight.This ligament is not only accorded with physiological structure of normal anterior cruciate ligament,but also significantly elevates anti-torque,can resist repetitive twist,bend and excessive traction.OBJECTIVE:To summarize characteristics of clinical application of LARS artificial ligament in transplant reconstruction following acute anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint injury.METHODS:A total of 23 patients with acute anterior cruciate ligament injury,comprising 17 males and 6 females,aged 21-54 years,were selected.Time-from injury to surgery was 3 days to 3 weeks.Polyethylene terephthalatas LARS artificial ligament made in France was used to reconstruct damaged ligament.The transplant was evaluated before and after implantation according to Lysholm knee joint criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Following 11.2 months (10-14 months) of follow-up,unstable symptoms of affected knees of all 23 cases disappeared.Anterior and posterior drawer tests were negative,with good joint function.Average extension and flexion degree was 0°-120°.In accordance with Lysholm knee joint score,significant difference was found from (40.34±4.00) points preoperatively to (90.21±4.00) points postoperatively (P<0.01).They could do common athletic activities at about 2 months following surgery.In some cases,magnetic resonance examination demonstrated that residue ligament gradually grew into artificial ligament,which gradually became thicker.Above-mentioned results have verified that under an arthroscope,reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament using polyethylene terephthalates LARS artificial ligament showed simple operation and small wound,which may lead to immediate stability,early rehabilitation exercises.Simultaneously,interlacing of residue ligament and artificial ligament keeps the nerve conduction pathway of propdoceptive sense,which prevents joint function limitation greatly.Moreover,short-term outcomes are satisfactory.

Objective To discuss the application value of urokinase in sclerotherapy of endometrial cystoma of ovary under ultrasonic guidance.Methods According to the sonographic characteristics,156 endometrial cystomas of ovary in 148 cases were divided into four types:the type of simple cyst(E1),the type filled with homogeneous echoes(E2),the type of multilocular endometrioma(E3)and the type mingled with solid in it(E4).Under ultrasonic guidance,the patients underwent selerotherapy with absolute alcohol after the cystomas washed repectively with urokinase(treatment group)and normal saline(control group).The recovery ratios and the remission of dysmenorrhea were observed.Results The recovery ratio,excellence ratio and inefficiency ratio of treatment group were 94.9%,5.1%and 0 respectively,while those of control group 76.9%,11.5%and 1 1.5%respectively.As to the recovery ratios,there were no statistical differences among types in treatment group.While the differences between E3,E4 and E1,E2 were significant (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).As to E3 and E4,there were statistical differences between the two groups(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).After 6 months'therapy,according to the visual analogue scales of dysmenorrhea,there was statistical difference between the two groups(t=7.802,P＜0.001).Conclusions Using urokinase to thoroughly dissolve and wash cellulose and mural blood clots in endometrial cystoma of ovary before the injection of sclerosing agent can definitely improve the recovery ratio and remit the symptoms of dysmenorrhea.

Objective To explore the expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) and the molecular chaperone of cytoplasmic Keap1 in premature newborn rats exposed to hyperoxia.Methods Completely randomized design method was performed,one-day old preterm SD rats were randomly divided into two groups:hyperoxia group and air group.The preterm SD rats in hyperoxia group were continuously exposed to oxygen(oxygen >0.85)and air group in room air.After 1 ,4,7,10,14 days of exposure,the pre-term SD rats of two groups were sacrificed,whole lung of these rats were isolated,the lung histological chan-ges were observed by HE staining.Total lung RNA was extracted,Nrf2 and Keap1 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR.Western-blot was used to detect the changes of Nrf2 protein expression.Results (1 )Compaired with air group,the expression of Nrf2 in lung tissue of hyperoxia group significantly increased after 4,7 days of exposure(4 d:0.314 ±0.064 vs.0.521 ±0.086,7 d:0.440 ±0.121 vs.0.658 ±0.076)(P <0.05 ),the general tendency decreased after 10 days,but the expression of Nrf2 became significantly weak after 14 days of exposure in hyperoxia group(P <0.05).(2)The expression of Keap1 mRNA in hyperoxia group signifi-cantly increased in 1 ,4 days(1 d:0.352 ±0.052 vs.0.547 ±0.075,4 d:0.363 ±0.074 vs.0.658 ±0.076) (P <0.05),the general tendency decreased after 7 days of exposure,but the expression of Keap1 mRNA in hyperoxia group became significantly weaker than its expression after 10,14 days of air group(P <0.05 ). (3)In comparison with air group,Nrf2 protein expression in hyperoxia group increased after 1 ,4 days of ex-posure with no significant difference(P >0.05),but had a tendency of decreasing after 7 days.On day 10, 14,its expression in hyperoxia group became significantly weak compared with that of air group(10 d:1.325 ±0.464 vs.0.755 ±0.348,14 d:1.662 ±0.474 vs.0.867 ±0.1 15 )(P <0.05 ).Conclusion Oxidation outbreak results in the abnormal expression of Nrf2 and Keap1 in the lung of premature SD rats induced by hyperoxia exposure,which adjusts the levels of oxidative stress in the body,these changes participate in the development of hyperoxia induced lung injury,the activity of Nrf2 may be increased by hyperoxia exposure, and alleviate hyperoxia lung injury in premature rats through antioxidation of Nrf2.