The control meaurees and endemic situation were analysed in Dali Prefecture,Yunnan Province. The infection rates of population and livestock decreased from 6.42% and 3. 81% in 2004 to 0.07% and 0.15% in 2008, respectively. No infected snail and acute schistosomiasis case were discovered in 2008. The proportion of villages with serious endemic situation decreased from 49.42% in 2004 to 7.51% in 2008, and 92.48% of villages reached the criteria of transmission control or transmission interruption. The endemic situation and snail status of Dali Prefecture have decreased significantly after the implementation of the comprehensive control project, but the consolidation and enlargement of the control result still remains a challenge.

Health education of schistosomiasis control among students is an important link of schistosomiasis control in mountainous valley areas of Yunnan Province,which directly affects the control effect in local environment.

Objective: Through the hospital fixed assets management mode and method of transformation, to play the biggest economic benefit and use efficiency of fixed assets, better service for the hospital development. Methods: Through the bar code and PDA, realize the accurate inventory of fixed assets, improve the efficiency of inventory, and implement the whole bar code tracking and outbound, department transfers of assets in the whole process supervision. Results: It will use department, management department, finance department of equipment management work has focused on an information system platform. Conclusion:It can complete hospital various aspects of fixed assets management, truly achieve account, card, content is consistent.

Objective To investigate the expression of MIF in PBMC, sera and lacrimal fluid samples in patients with AD, and study the diagnostic significance of MIF in AD. Methods Forty-three AD patients (11 mild AD patients,23 moderate AD patients, 9 severe AD patients classfied by SCORAD index)and 31 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were recruited. Real-time RT-PCR was employed to analyze the expression of MIF mRNA in PBMC. ELISA was performed to detect the concentrations of MIF in sera and lacrimal fluid samples. Results AD patients had significantly higher levels of MIF mRNA in PBMC than normal controls [7.46 (3.38-8.90) vs 1.67 ( 1.24-2.45 ), Z=-6.141, P ＜ 0.05]. The concentrations of MIF in sera and lacrimal fluid samples in AD patients were also markedly higher than those of normal controls [serum 36. 32( 11.89-43.80) μg/L vs 7.89(6.13-9.54) μg/L, Z = -6.180,P <0.05; lacrimal fluid 12.66(2.01-20.12) μg/L vs 0.85(0.77-1.06) μg/L, Z = -4.118,P <0.05]. MIF mRNA levels were 2.35 ( 2.12-2.49 ) , 7.83 ( 6. 54-8.90 ) and 8.76 ( 8.22-9.73 ) in mild, moderate and severe AD respectively, and the expression was higher in moderate and severe AD than in normal controls (Z= -6.237, -4.520,P ＜0.05). MIF serum concentrations were 8.98(7.90-10.51) μg/L, 36.50 (29.78-43.23) μg/L and 45.70(41.27-48. 84) μg/L in mild, moderate and severe AD respectively, and the differences were significant in moderate and severe AD compared to normal controls ( Z = - 6.238,- 4.521, P < 0.05 ). The lacrimal fluid MIF oncentrations were 1.10 ( 0.83-1.35 ) μg/L, 12.66 ( 9.76-15.87) μg/L and 24. 65 ( 19.29-30.94) μg/L in mild, moderate and severe AD respectively. Similarly,they increased significantly in moderate and severe AD compared to normal controls (Z = -4.062,- 3.372, P ＜ 0.05 ). In moderate and severe AD, MIF mRNA levels in PBMCs and MIF concentrations in sera and lacrimal fluid samples were all positively correlated with the severity of AD ( r = 0.395, 0.404,0.515, P < 0.05 ). Conclusions The expression of MIF in PBMCs, sera and lacrimal fluid samples is higher in different course of AD. MIF can serve as a useful laboratory parameter for evaluation of AD activity and severity.

Objective To assess the role of Th 17/Treg cell imbalance in the pathogenesis of HenochSch(o)nlein purpura (HSP). Methods Peripheral blood was obtained from 59 children with HSP and 38 ageand sex-matched healthy subjects. Flow cytometric analysis (FCM) was performed to detect the percentage of CD4+IL17+ T (Th17) cells and CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+ T (Treg) cells, real-time RT-PCR to measure the mRNA expressions of RORγt and Foxp3, which are specific transcription factors of Th17 and Treg cells, respectively.Results Patients with HSP showed a significant increase in the percentage of Th17 cells and mRNA level of RORγt (1.87% ± 0.56% vs 0.39% ± 0.15%, 7.71 ± 1.95 vs 1.49 ± 0.57, both P＜ 0.01) and a statistical decrease in the percentage of Treg cells and mRNA level of Foxp3 ( 1.63% ± 0.44% vs 5.04% ± 1.44%, 0.34 ±0.11 vs 1.71 ± 0.69, both P ＜ 0.01 ) compared with the normal controls. No significant difference was observed in the percentage of Th17 or Treg cells or the mRNA levels of RORγt or Foxp3 among patients with different types of HSP. Conclusion In patients with HSP, there is a change in the pecentage of Th17/Treg cells and expression of their transcription factors, which may lead to immune imbalance and contribute to the development of HSP.

Object To investigate the saccharide changes of Radix Rehmanniae when being processed. Methods The fresh roots were torrefied at 65 ℃ and sampled at 0,1, and 6 d. The samples and 4 h steamed slices of those dried roots were extracted with hot water respectively. The extracts were subjected to HPLC analysis, Sugar pak 1 column at 80 ℃,with water as the mobile phase at 0 7 mL/min and detected by RID. Results There are three principal components in the fresh roots, i.e. stachyose (11%-15%), sucrose (0 30%-0 92%), and catalpol (0 27%-0 88%). In the processing of the fresh roots, the HPLC chromatorams of the extracts differed to each other remarkbly. On the chromatogram of roots torrefied for 1 d, one distinct monosaccharide peak displayed at 10 2 min, which is likely to be galactose, and it become prominent in the dried roots together with raffinose. In steamed ones, the peaks of fructose and glucose became outstanding. Conclusion According to the HPLC chromatograms, the degalacto sylation of stachyose may take place during torrifying, while defructosylation during steaming. One of the principal purposes of the processing may be for stachyose degradation for its flatulence causing character.

Objective:To investigate the role of alloreactive T cell in clonal deletion and regulatory T cells ( Treg) in transplant tolerance.Methods:F1 mice were bred by crossing female BALB/c mice and male C57BL/6 mice.Within 24 h,newborn C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with F1 spleen cells via the orbital branch of the anterior facial vein.Six weeks later,the mice were subjected to F1 skin grafting to evaluate their tolerance.Proliferation,flow cytometry and adoptive transfer assay were used to analyze clonal deletion of alloreactive T cells and the expression of CD4+Foxp3+T cells in neonatal treated mice.Results: Newborn C57BL/6 mice injected with F1 splenic cells could induce transplantation tolerance,the level of tolerance was associated with the dose of splenic cells.3×107 splenic cells from F1 mice could induce long-term skin graft acceptance in C57BL/6 mice ,1×107splenic cells significantly prolonged the survival of F1 skin grafts,but the grafts completely rejected within 50 days.The mixed lymphocyte reaction ( MLR) experiment in vivo showed that alloreactive T cell in long-term tolerant mice was deleted completely,but a certain amount of reactive T cells existed in the low-dose group mice.Flow cytometry ( FCM) analysis showed that the expression of CD4+Foxp3+T cell in the high-dose group and low-dose group mice had no obvious difference compared with the naive mice.When alloreactive T-cells were injected into tolerant mice,the skin graft rejection was observed,and Treg cells upregulated in graft-rejected mice.Conclusion:The degree of transplantation tolerance depended on the clonal deletion of alloreactive T cells,instead of on the expression of CD4+Foxp3+Treg cells.CD4+Foxp3+regulatory T cells upregulated in graft rejected mice,which may be served as a negative feedback mechanism to control the intensity of rejection.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and the curative effects of interventional therapy by spiral CT in rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Methods 46 patients were checked by spiral CT and abdominal puncture of non-condensable blood. All the patients were treated by the transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) with iodinated oil and/or gelatin sponge. Results Characteristic findings were detected in 31 patients,of which 7 patients were chiefly detected by spiral CT. The bleeding of ruptured HCCs was controlled effectively in all the cases treated by TAE without serious complications. Conclusion Spiral CT is susceptive to the diagnosis of the ruptured HCC. TAE can be the chiefly treatment in ruptured HCC with fewer serious complications.

Objective: To examine the effects of the education with glycemic index(GI)on dietary knowledge,attitude and practice of diabetic patients,and on their blood glucose and lipid.Methods: Seventy-two subjects with type 2 diabetes were randomly assingned into two groups. The test group (group GI) mainly learned the knowledge about GI of food. The controlled group (group FEL) mainly learned the knowledge about food exchange list(FEL). Outcomes were assessed by the change of dietary knowledge, attitude and practice, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose ( 2 hPBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c), and blood lipids which include total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and lipid comprehensive index (LCI). The period lasted five months. Results: The percent of correct answer for GI questions was increased significantly from 0 % before education to 92.2% after education (P

Objective To investigate the role of spinal cord TNF-a in the development of bone cancer pain in mice. Methods Seventy-two 4-6 week old C3H/He mice weighing 18-25 g were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 24 each) : group I sham operation (group S) ; group II bone cancer pain (group BCP) and group Ⅲ etanercept (group E). Bone cancer pain was induced by implantation of osteosarcoma NCTC 2472 cells into the intramedullary space of right femur in group II and Ⅲ . Group Ⅲ received intraperitoneal etanercept 100 μg at 3 days before and immediately before and day 3 and 6 after tumor cell inoculation. In group S culture medium α-MEM containing no cancer cell was injected instead. The paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimuli (PWMT) and paw withdrawal latency to thermal stimuli ( PWTL) were measured before inoculation (baseline) and at day 3, 5,7, 10, 14 after inoculation respectively. Eight animals were killed on the 7th, 10th, and 14th day after inoculation in each group. The spinal cords were removed and TNF-α mRNA expression in the spinal cord was determined by RT-PCR. Results Cancer pain was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with etanercept. The TNF-α mRNA expression in the spinal cord was significantly increased after inoculation and was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with etanercept in group Ⅲ . Conclusion Spinal cord TNF-a is involved in the development of bone cancer pain in mice.