OBJECTIVE: To establish RP-HPLC method for the content determination of chlorogenic acid in 3 kinds of dosage forms of Qingkailing preparation. METHODS: SinoChrom ODS-AP C18(250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) column was adopted and the mobile phase consisted of methnol-water-acetic acid (25 ∶ 75 ∶ 0.5) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1. Column temperature was set at 30 ℃ and the detection wavelength was set at 327 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of chlorogenic acid was 3.81～152.50 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 8), and the average recoveries of the capsules, granules and dripping pills were 99.03%(RSD=2.02%), 99.35%(RSD=1.16%),98.11%(RSD=1.51%). CONCLUSION: The method is sensitive, simple and accurate for the quality control and content determination of 3 kinds of Qingkailing preparations.

Objective To evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with ketamine in the pediatric patients undergoing closure of ventricular septal defect.Methods Ninety pediatric patients with ventricular septal defect requiring interventional treatment,aged 4-11 yr,weighing 12-47 kg,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,were randomly divided into D1-3 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table.After admission to operating room,anesthesia was induced with iv atropine 0.02 mg/kg and ketamine 1.0 mg/kg,followed by administration of a loading dose of dexmedetonidine 0.5 μg/kg which was infused over 10 min.In D1,D2 and D3 groups,dexmedetomidine 0.7,1.0 and 1.2 μg· kg 1 · h-1 were infused intravenously,respectively,until the end of operation.After the pediatric patients lost consciousness,the femoral artery was punctured to perform interventional treatment.Additional ketamine 0.5 mg/kg was given when the depth of anesthesia was inadequate.BIS,BP,HR and SpO2 were recorded after admission to the operating room (T0),at 1 and 5 min after ketamine administration (T1,2),at the end of loading dose of dexmedetomidine infusion (T3),at 15 min after maintenance dose of dexmedetomidine infusion (T4),immediately after operation (T5),and immediately after emergence (T6).The total consumption of ketamine,cases who needed additional ketamine and atropine,operation time,emergence time and development of adverse effects such as respiratory depression and postoperative agitation were recorded.Results Compared with the baseline value at T0,BIS value was significantly decreased at T4,5 in the three groups,HR was decreased at T4,5 in D2,3 groups,and no significant change was found in BP and SpO2 at each time point in the three groups.Compared with D1 group,the requirement for additional atropine was significantly increased,the total consumption of ketamine was reduced,and the requirement for additional ketamine and incidence of respiratory depression were decreased in D2 and D3 groups.No patients needed additional ketamine in D2 and D3 groups.The requirement for additional atropine was significantly higher in D3 group than in D2 group.There was no significant difference in the operation time and emergence time among the three groups.No pediatric patients developed agitation during emergence from anesthesia.Conclusion Ketamine 1.0 mg/kg (for induction of anesthesia) combined with a loading dose of dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg and maintenance dose of dexmedetomidine 1.0 μg·kg-1 · h-1 (for maintenance of anesthesia) can produce good anesthetic efficacy,which is an optimum combination of anesthesia in pediatric patients undergoing closure of ventricular septal defect.

Objective To approach the effect of protective mechanical ventilation on acute lung injury after orthotopic liver transplantation, by observing changes of plasma markers of lung injury and inflammatory mediators.Methods Sixty patients scheduled for liver transplantation under general anesthesia, 42 males and 18 females, aged 21-62 years, weighing 43-80 kg, ASA physical status Ⅱ-Ⅳ, were randomly divided into 2 groups: protective mechanical ventilation group (group P) and unprotective mechanical ventilation group (group U).Pulmonary artery blood for plasma markers of lung injury and inflammatory mediators were collected at the following time points: before operation (T1), 3 hours after mechanical ventilation (T2), 2 hours (T3) and 4 hours in neohepatic stage (T4).These mediators included clara cell secretory protein (CC16), surfactant proteins (SP-D), soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE), TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8.Moreover, blood gas results were recorded at these 7 time points: T1-T4, 2 hours after operation (T5), before tracheal extubation (T6) and 2 days after operation (T7).The postoperative awakening time, tracheal extubation time, ICU stay time and the incidence of ALI were recorded.Results Compared with T1, plasma level of CC16 in the two groups increased at T2 and T3 (P<0.05 or P<0.01), however, plasma level of SP-D, sRAGE, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 did not increase until T3 (P<0.01).Moreover, plasma level of sRAGE, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 at T4 were higher than those at T1 (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with T1, OIs in the two groups increased at T2, T5 and T6 (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while decreased at T4 in group P (P<0.01) and at T3 and T4 in group U (P<0.01).In group P, patients showed a lower plasma level of CC16 at T2 and T3 (P<0.05 or P<0.01), a higher OI at T3 (P<0.05) and an earlier tracheal extubation after operation [(8.9±3.2) h vs (9.3±2.8) h, P<0.05] compared with group U.There was no significant difference of acute lung injury incidence between the two groups after operation, which was 5(16.6%) and 7 (23.3%), respectively.Conclusion Protective mechanical ventilation may promote oxygenation index, and shorten tracheal extubation time, thus protect lung function of patients in liver transplantation to some extend.

In plants, proteins with A20/AN1 zinc finger domain are involved in stress responses, named as "Stress Associated Protein" (SAP) gene family. Based on Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) sequences information in Badila Saccharum officinarum mature related cDNA library, we cloned an SAP gene from sugarcane full length cDNA library, named ShSAP1 (GenBank: Accession No. HM991960). To characterize ShSAP1, we analyzed its genome structure and expression pattern. Southern blot analysis showed ShSAP1 was present as one or two copy in the genome of Badila. Comparison of ShSAP1 1 008 bp full length cDNA with a genomic frangment (2 241 bp) generated by PCR amplification and sequencing, revealed the presence of two introns (202 bp and 1 052 bp) located in the 5'UTR region. Semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis found ShSAP1 expressed in leaves, roots and stalk in mature sugarcane. Compared with immature stems, ShSAP1 expressed higher in mature stalk. ShSAP1 was induced by different types of treatments, such as salt (200 mmol/L NaCl), drought (10% PEG 6 000), GA3 (200 mg/L), ABA (100 micromol/L) and ET (1 mmol/L) during sugarcane seedling stage. These results indicated that ShSAP1 may function in sugarcane maturation and abiotic stress response processes.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; Saccharum ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stress, Physiological ; genetics ; Zinc Fingers ; genetics

Objective To study the safety and feasibility of laparoscopy combined with holmium laser in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis complicated with pancreatic ductal stones.Methods To compare the clinical data in patients who underwent laparoscopy combined with holmium laser (10 patients,group A) with those who underwent laparoscopy only (21 patients,group B) at Zhejiang Provincial People' s Hospital from January 2012 to August 2018.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative conversion rate,pancreatic ductal incision length,postoperative pancreatic fistula rate,length of postoperative hospital stay,residual stone rate and relief of postoperative abdominal pain rate of the two groups were documented and analyzed.Results Three of 31 patients were converted to open surgery.The remaining patients in the two groups were discharged home without any perioperative death.Group A and B were significant differences in the pancreatic ductal incision length (5.0±0.8 vs.6.5±1.0) cm,operation time (289.3±51.6 vs.349.5± 34.7) min,and postoperative hospital stay (8.0± 1.2 vs.10.2± 1.6) d between the two groups (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the intraoperative conversion to open rate,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative pancreatic fistula rate,residual stone rate and relief of postoperative abdominal pain rate between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions It was safe and feasible to treat chronic pancreatitis complicated with pancreatolithiasis by laparoscopy.Laparoscopy combined with holmium laser had the added advantages of easy access through the pancreaticojejunostomy,shorter operation time,and less intraoperative blood loss.