The application of 18 F-FDG PET-CT in the diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma includes early diagnosis,clinical staging,contouring target volume,predicting the sensitivity of tumors to radiotherapy and effect evaluation,and monitoring the residual and recurrence.However,18 F-FDG uptake of tumor cells is under the influence of various factors,so false positive and false negative are unavoidable.Therefore it is need to develop more specific tracer agent in order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment,as well as to carry out multicenter clinical trial to identify the correlation of standardized uptake value (SUV)and radiation target volume.

Objective To evaluate the protective effects of Jiedu Huayu Decoction(JHD)on hepatic immune injury in mice induced by concanavalin A(Con A) and to explore its mechanism.Methods Sixty NIH mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:normal control group(group A),model group(group B),high-dose JHD group(group C),low-dose JHD group(group D) and bifendate group(group E).Except those in group A,mice in other groups were injected with Con A(at the dose of 20 mg/kg) via the tail vein at the first day of experiment.Group C and group D were orally administrated with JHD at the dose of 72.0 g/kg and 18.0 g/kg,respectively.Group E were orally administrated with bifendate at the dose of 150 mg/kg.All the drugs were given once daily for 5 consecutive days.Four hours after last medication,mice were injected with Con A once again at the same dose of 20 mg/kg.Serum aminotransferase(ALT) activity and interleukin-6(IL-6) concentration were detected at the 8th hour after Con A administration.Hepatic histopathological examination was performed,and the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) in hepatic tissue was detected by immunohistochemical method.Results ALT activity and IL-6 content in group C and group D were obviously lowered,hepatic histopathological changes were alleviated,and the expression of ICAM-1 in liver tissue was attenuated compared with those in group B(P

[Objective] To investigate the renal histological parameters in SD rats and beagles and to supply evidence for renal toxicological and pathological diagnosis. [Methods] Forty SD adult rats and 20 adult beagles (half males and half females) , were respectively executed at 12 weeks and 12 months old. Then, kidney tissue was fixed in 10% neutral formalin, embedded in paraffin, made into slices at 5?m and stained by HE. The larger diameter and shorter diameter of glomerulus in the renal cortex and outer stripe of rats and beagles were determined by Spot Advanced image analysis software. The differences of the above parameters appearing in different species and genders were compared. [Results] The larger diameter was about 96 ?m, and the shorter diameter 76 ?m in the renal cortex of the beagles, and the larger was about 120?m and the shorter 94 ?m in the outer stripe of the beagles. The differences of the larger and shorter diameters were insignificant between the male and female beagles, but the larger and shorter diameters in the outer stripe were longer than those in the cortex. The larger diameter and shorter diameter were about 87 ?m and 64 ?m respectively in the renal cortex of SD rats, and the larger was about 88 ?m and the shorter 64 ?m in the outer stripe of SD rats. The differences of the larger and shorter diameters were insignificant between the male and female beagles, as well as in the outer stripe and the cortex. [Conclusion] The nephron in the outer stripe is larger than that in the cortex of beagles but no difference of the nephron exists in SD rats. The nephron in beagles is larger than that in SD rats, and there is no difference in the nephron between male and female beagles and SD rats.

【Objective】To investigate the antianxietic action of Xiaoyao San(XS)and Dan Zhi Xiaoyao San(DZXS).【Methods】 Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups: model control group,high-and low-dose DZXS groups(14.4?g/kg and 7.2?g/kg respectively),and high-and low-dose XS groups(21.06?g/kg and 10.53g/kg respectively).Social interaction test and open-field test were carried out to observe the antianxietic action of XS and DZXS.Except that the model group was given normal saline,the rats in other groups were given the corresponding drugs according to the experimental design for 14 successive days.After treatment,the activities within 5 min were monitored by two observers and then the mean value were calculated.【Results】High-and low-dose DZXS prolonged rats social interaction time and increased the times of body erection and dressing their hair,and low-dose XS also increased the times of body erection and dressing their hair(P

【Objective】To investigate the effects of Dan Zhi Xiaoyao San(DZXS) and its extracts on hypothalamic corticotropin releasing hormone(CRH) and plasma corticosterone(CORT) in rats with chronic psychological stress.【Methods】Wistar rats were randomized into 6 groups: A(normal control),B(model control),C (extract of DZXS extracted by water extraction and alcohol precipitation,3.608?g/kg),D(extract of DZXS extracted by petroleum ether,0.087?g/kg),E(extract of DZXS extracted by polysaccharide,2.20?g/kg) and F(DZXS 14.4?g/kg).Except group A,the rat models of chronic multi-phase psychological stress were established in other groups by improved Cart method.Groups A and B were given normal saline,and groups C,D and E were given the corresponding drugs according to the experimental design.Hypothalamic CRH and plasma CORT contents were examined to explore the therapeutic mechanism.【Results】Compared with group A,hypothalamic CRH and plasma CORT contents were increased in group B;hypothalamic CRH content was decreased in groups C,E and F(P

Objective To observe the content changes of corticosterone and gastrointestinal hormones in serum of chronic multi-stress rats and to investigate the effect of Xiaoyao Powder and Chaihu Shugan Powder.Methods Wistar rats were randomly allocated to four groups:normal group(group A),model group(group B),Xiaoyao Powder group(group C),Chaihu Shugan Powder group(group D)etc.Chronic multi-sress models were established in all the rats except those of normal group.Xiaoyao Powder group and Chaihu Shugan Powder group were respectively given the corresponding drugs for 21 days.Normal group and model group were administered the equal amount of normal saline by gavage.After the administration,the open-field test was used to observe the behavior changes of the rats,and the radioimmunoassay method was adopted to detect the serum corticosterone and gastrin contents and plasma motilin level.Results Compared with the normal group,the body weight of model group was decreased(P

【Objective】To observe the protective effect of Phyllanthus Compound Ⅱ(PCⅡ) on experimental hepatic damage in mice.【Methods】Sixty NIH mice were randomized into 5 groups: normal control group,model group,high-,moderate-and low-dose PCⅡ(110,55,and 27.5 g/kg respectively) groups,bifendate(150 mg/kg) group.Mice models of acute hepatic damage were induced with concanavalin A(Con A) and D-galactosamine(D-GalN)respectively.Serum levels of alanine transferase(ALT) and aspartate transferase(AST),and superoxide dismustase(SOD) activity were examined.The pathological changes of hepatic tissue were also observed.【Results】 PCⅡmarkedly decreased serum ALT and AST levels,and decreased hepatic SOD activity(P0.05 compared with bifendate group).The hepatic pathological changes were improved in PCⅡ groups.【Conclusion】PCⅡ exerts a better protective effect on mice hepatic damage induced by Con A and D-GalN,and its protective mechanism may be related with the inhibition of lipoperoxidation damage.

Objective To observe the mechanisms that Xiaoyao powder influences the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis of chronic-stress rats. Methods Chronic stress rats were as researching object,and RU-38486 acted as tool drugs. The serum-GC density of rats were tested with ELISA,and the glucocortcoid(GR) in hippocampus neuron were tested with immunofluorescence,the CRH mRNA in hypothalamus were tested by in situ hybridization (ISH). Results Compared with normal group ( 1.09 ± 0.11 ;0.57 ± 0.10), the expression of GR in hippocampus of model group decreased(0.65 ± 0. 10; P ＜ 0. 01 ), and the expression of CRH mRNA in hypothalamus of model group increased ( 1.12 ±0. 11; P＜0. 0l ) ,the GR in hippocampus of RU-38486 group increased ( 1.59 ± 0. 11; P ＜ 0. 01 ), and the expression of CRH mRNA in hypothalamus of RU-38486 group reduced (0.48±0.10; P＜0.05) ,but both the expression of GR in hippocampus and the CRH mRNA in hypothalamus of Xiaoyao powder group were no change (0.62 ±0.08;0.97 ±0.13; P＞0.05). Compared with model group,both the expression of GR in hippocampus of RU-38486 and Xiaoyao powder group increased (P＜0. 01) ,and both the expression of CRH mRNA in hypothalamus of RU-38486 and Xiaoyao powder group reduced (P＜0.01). Conclusion Multi-stress can result in the expression of GR in hippocampus of rats decreasing and the expression of CRH mRNA in hypothalamus increasing, but those changes can be restrained by Xiaoyao powder, and it is the maybe mechanism of Xiaoyao Powder resisting chronic stress in HPA axis.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on tumor microenvironment T-lymphocyte subsets and dendritic cells in H22-bearing mice and the mechanisms for intervention of tumor immune escape by LBP. METHODS: H22-bearing mice were given LBP orally for two weeks. T-lymphocyte subsets and the phenotypes of dendritic cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS: LBP could significantly increase the numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in TIL as compared with those in model control group (P<0.05). In model control group, the number of dendritic cells in tumor microenvironment decreased markedly, while in LBP-treated group, the increased number of dendritic cells and B7-1 expression were observed, but there were no significant differences between these two groups. CONCLUSION: LBP has anti-tumor effect probably by increasing the numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in TIL to relieve the immunosuppression and enhance the anti-tumor function of the immune system. But whether LBP can recover the phenocyte and function of dendritic cells in H22-bearing mice should be further studied.

Objective To evaluate the in-vivo effect of Compound Phyllanthus urinaria Ⅱ(CPU Ⅱ) on duck hepatitis B virus(DHBV).Methods Thirty ducks with congenital infection of DHBV,which were DHBV-DNA positive confirmed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR),were randomly divided into 5 groups: DHBV control group,high-,middle-,and low-dosage CPU Ⅱgroups(in the dose of 33.6,18.6 and 8.4 g-1?d-1,respectively),and Lamivudine group(20 mg?kg-1?d-1).The serum DHBV-DNA level of all ducks was detected by quantity real-time fluorescence PCR before and after medication.Results On the 7th,14th,21st,and 28th day of medication and on the 5th day of suspension of medication,the serum DHBV-DNA level in both of the high-and middle-dosage CPU Ⅱ groups was obviously lower than that before medication and than that in the DHBV control group(P