Objective To investigate diagnostic value of CTA for traumatic pseudoaneurysms (TPA) in the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) when they rupture into the sphenoid sinus. Methods CTA of 7 patients with TPA in the cavernous segments of ICA verified by DSA were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were performed CTA scanning. The post-processing techniques included VR,MIP,MPR, and CPR. Results All the CTA images of 7 patients showed irregular mass in the sphenoid sinus with obviously enhancement in the same phase to ICA, which communicating with ICA in wide base. The peripheral area of the mass showed no enhancement. The size varied from 3 mm × 2 mm × 1 mm to 33 mm × 30 mm × 27 mm. The adjacent lateral wall of sphenoid sinus showed fractures in all cases. TPA located at anterior-knee segments of cavernous ICA in 6 cases, and cavernous free segment in 1 case. All the disruptions were found at medial or anterior medial wall of ICA. Conclusions Cranial CTA is the effective non-invasive method for diagnosing TPA in the cavernous segment of ICA when they rupture into sphenoid sinus. Combined using of VR, MIP, MPR, and CPR can delineate the location and size of the sphenoid wall fracture and the ICA rupture, which help to clarify the anatomical relationship between them.

Objective To study the correlation with ketamine and its metabolite norketamine concentration in plasma and saliva in acute toxic rabbits.Methods Experimental rabbits were given intragastric(i.g.group,n=6)and intravenous(i.v.group,n=6)administration of ketamine respectively,and control tabbits(n=6)were given a same volume of physiologic saline.The plasma and saliva were collected before and after ketamine administration.Ketamine and norketamine in plasma and saliva were determined using GC/MS and GC.The correlation with ketamine(norketamine)concentration in plasma and saliva were artalyzed by a double variable Pearson correlation analysis.Results The correlation coefficients(r)of ketamine (norketamine)concentrations in plasma and saliva were from 0.80 to 0.95 in ketamine i.g.group and i. v.group.Conclusion There is a good relativity between the concentration of ketamine(norketamine)in plasma and in saliva.The ketamine(norketamine)concentration in saliva can be used to estimate the plasma concentration in the forensic identification of ketamine abuse.

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of atorvastatin combined with conventional cardiovascu-lar drugs therapy in treatment of coronary heart disease.Methods 200 patients with coronary heart disease were col-lected.They were randomly divided into the observation group(n =100)and control group(n =100).The observation group was given atorvastatin combined with cardiovascular routine treatment for 1 year,the control group was given cardiovascular routine therapy for 1 year.The clinical effect and serum levels of TC,HDL -C,LDL -C were ana-lyzed.Results After treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 95%,which was significantly higher than 75% of the control group (χ2 =16.33,P =0.00 <0.05).According to the gender stratification,the effec-tive rates of the observation group were higher than the control group in men and women (men:96% vs 80%,χ2 =6.35,P =0.04 <0.05,women:94% vs 70%,χ2 =10.08,P =0.00 <0.05).Before treatment,there were no signifi-cant differences between the two group about the serum levels of TC,HDL -C,LDL -C[TC:(6.49 ±0.42)mmol/L vs (6.53 ±0.51)mmol/L,t =1.28,P =0.10 >0.05;HDL -C:(1.35 ±0.23)mmol/L vs (1.29 ±0.32)mmol/L, t =1.51,P =0.15 >0.05;LDL -C:(4.54 ±0.62)mmol/L vs (4.48 ±0.61)mmol/L,t =0.84,P =0.20 >0.05]. After treatment,the serum levels of TC,HDL -C,LDL -C of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group[TC:(3.39 ±0.31)mmol/L vs (5.78 ±0.64)mmol/L,t =2.36,P =0.02 <0.05;HDL -C:(1.63 ±0.42)mmol/L vs (1.32 ±0.51)mmol/L,t =2.87,P =0.00 <0.05;LDL -C:(2.37 ±0.42)mmol/L vs (3.95 ±0.43)mmol/L,t =2.62,P =0.01 <0.05].Conclusion Atorvastatin can reduce blood fat,improve the prognosis of disease,it is superior to the traditional treatment.

Objective To evaluate the protective effects of Jiedu Huayu Decoction(JHD)on hepatic immune injury in mice induced by concanavalin A(Con A) and to explore its mechanism.Methods Sixty NIH mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:normal control group(group A),model group(group B),high-dose JHD group(group C),low-dose JHD group(group D) and bifendate group(group E).Except those in group A,mice in other groups were injected with Con A(at the dose of 20 mg/kg) via the tail vein at the first day of experiment.Group C and group D were orally administrated with JHD at the dose of 72.0 g/kg and 18.0 g/kg,respectively.Group E were orally administrated with bifendate at the dose of 150 mg/kg.All the drugs were given once daily for 5 consecutive days.Four hours after last medication,mice were injected with Con A once again at the same dose of 20 mg/kg.Serum aminotransferase(ALT) activity and interleukin-6(IL-6) concentration were detected at the 8th hour after Con A administration.Hepatic histopathological examination was performed,and the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) in hepatic tissue was detected by immunohistochemical method.Results ALT activity and IL-6 content in group C and group D were obviously lowered,hepatic histopathological changes were alleviated,and the expression of ICAM-1 in liver tissue was attenuated compared with those in group B(P

Objective To evaluate the role of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) in 17β estradiol-induced inhibition of propofol-caused neuroapoptosis in the hippocampus of newborn rats.Methods Seventy-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 7 days,weighing ll-18 g,were divided into 6 groups (n =13 each) using a random number table:dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group,fat emulsion group (group F),17β estradiol group (group E),propofol group (group P),propofol plus 17β estradiol group (group PE) and propofol plusl7β estradiol plus mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 inhibitor U0126 group (group PEU).17β estradiol 600 μg/kg was injected subcutaneously every 24 h for 7 consecutive days in group E,and the equal volume of DMSO was given instead in group DMSO.Propofol 75 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally every 24 h for 7 consecutive days in group P,and the equal volume of fat emulsion was injected instead in group F.Propofol 75 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally,and 17β estradiol 600 μg/kg was injected subcutaneously every 24 h for 7 consecutive days in group PE.Propofol 75 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally,17β estradiol 600 μg/kg was injected subcutaneously,and U0126 10 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally every 24 h for 7 consecutive days in group PEU.At 15 min after the last injection,3 rats in each group were randomly selected,and arterial blood samples from the cardiac apex were collected for determination of arterial oxygen partial pressure.The animals were sacrificed at 24 h after the last injection for determination of the expression of activated caspase-3 (by immunohistochemistry) and p-ERK1/2 (by Western blot).Results There was no significant difference in arterial oxygen partial pressure between the six groups (P＞0.05).Compared with group F,the expression of activated caspase-3 was significantly up-regulated,and the expression of p-ERK1/2 was downregulated in group P (P＜0.05).Compared with group P,the expression of activated caspase-3 was significantly down-regulated,and the expression of p-ERK1/2 was up-regulated in group PE (P＜0.05).Compared with group PE,the expression of activated caspase-3 was significantly up-regulated,and the expression of p-ERK1/2 was down-regulated in group PEU (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which 17β estradiol inhibits propofol-caused neuroapoptosis in the hippocampus is related to up-regulation of the expression of p-ERK1/2 in newborn rats.

【Objective】To observe the protective effect of Phyllanthus Compound Ⅱ(PCⅡ) on experimental hepatic damage in mice.【Methods】Sixty NIH mice were randomized into 5 groups: normal control group,model group,high-,moderate-and low-dose PCⅡ(110,55,and 27.5 g/kg respectively) groups,bifendate(150 mg/kg) group.Mice models of acute hepatic damage were induced with concanavalin A(Con A) and D-galactosamine(D-GalN)respectively.Serum levels of alanine transferase(ALT) and aspartate transferase(AST),and superoxide dismustase(SOD) activity were examined.The pathological changes of hepatic tissue were also observed.【Results】 PCⅡmarkedly decreased serum ALT and AST levels,and decreased hepatic SOD activity(P0.05 compared with bifendate group).The hepatic pathological changes were improved in PCⅡ groups.【Conclusion】PCⅡ exerts a better protective effect on mice hepatic damage induced by Con A and D-GalN,and its protective mechanism may be related with the inhibition of lipoperoxidation damage.

Objective To describe CT and MRI imaging findings of retinal hamartomas with tuberous sclerosis and evaluate their clinical value. Design Retrospective case series. Participants 7 patients of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) who have ocular lesions found with CT and MRI examination. Methods 7 patients with tuberous sclerosis were diagnosed by clinical data and head CT. The size, morphology, density and enhancing situation of the retinal lesions were observed with CT and MR.I, as while as with direct or indi-rect fundoscopy. Main Outcome Measures CT and MRI features of ocular lesions. Results 7 cases displayed intraeranial calcification and/or non-calcified tubercles, situating in subendyrna (7 cases, accounting for 100%) by head CT. Orbital CT and MRI showed 4 cases (57.1%) of flat retinal hamartomas 3 cases (42.9%) 9f retinal lobular and nodular hamartomas, 2 cases(28.6%) scattered calcification patches in hamartoma, and 2 cases (28.6%) of nanophthalmos. The lesions displayed unenhancement on contrast-enhanced MR images in 7 cases(100%) . There was 1 case (14.3%) of progressive retinal astrocytic hamartoma. Conclusion The examination of CT and MRI may find the bigger retinal hamartomas, which can play a very important role at the diagnosis with the help of whole brain examination. For progressive retinal nstrocytic hamartoma,systemic evaluation with CT and MRI can provide evidence for choosing appropriate thera-pies. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2009, 18: 257-260)

Objective To evaluate the roles of food allergen detection in patients with chronic urticaria.Methods Food allergen-specific IgE and IgG were detected in 502 patients with chronic urticaria and 100 normal human controls.Double-blind,placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) test was performed in patients who were proved to be positive or negative for food-specific IgG or IgE.Results Food-specific IgE was detected in 37.45％ (188/502) of the patients,with cashew,peanuts and soybeans as the most common allergens.The detection rate of food-specific IgG was 72.11％ (361/502),with the major allergens being milk,egg,shrimp and crab.DBPCFC revealed false positivity and negativity in the detection of food-specific IgG and IgE.Conclusions Clinicians should pay attention to food allergen detection in the treatment of chronic urticaria,especially in the treatment of allergy mediated by IgG antibodies.

PurposeObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can lead to structure and function damages of multiple organs. OSA is closely related to cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to evaluate left ventricular function in OSA patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction.Materials and MethodsSixty OSA patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe group according to the clinical diagnosis, with 20 patients in each group. Another 20 healthy volunteers were recruited as normal control group. Strain (S), systolic strain rate (SRS), early diastolic strain rate (SRE) and late diastolic strain rate (SRA) values in longitudinal, circumferential and radial directions of all the subjects were measured by using speckle tracking imaging. The SRE/SRA rates in three directions were calculated.ResultsLeft ventricular longitudinal systolic function showed significant lower in moderate and severe groups than in the control and mild groups (P<0.05). Circumferential and radial contraction reduced in the severe group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The longitudinal, circumferential, and radial diastolic functions of the myocardial fibers in the left ventricle decreased in moderate and severe OSA patients when compared with that of the mild OSA patients and healthy individuals (P<0.05).ConclusionThe speckle tracking imaging has the potential to detect the subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in OSA patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction and might provide useful information for risk stratification.

Objective To analyse the imaging characteristics of the complications after nasal endoscopy.Methods The imaging findings of complications after nasal endoscopy were analyzed in comparison with clinic retrospectively.Results Among 18 patients,there were 15 cases with orbital bone defect (14 cases were at the medial wall),split of medial straight muscle in 1 case,6 cases with orbital inflammation, tortuous and grown optic nerve with indefinite margin in 5 cases,7 cases with local cranial base defect(the ethmoid plate in 5 and the superior wall of sphenoidal sinus in 2),2 cases with meningoencephalocele at defective ethmoid plate ,2 cases with cerebral spinal fluid nasal leak at defective right ethmoid plate and the superior wall of sphenoidal sinus in one respectively and 1 case with left nasolacrimal duct injury.Conclusion CT can definite the location and extent of the complications after nasal endoscopy,while MRI can be used in the diagnosis of the more complex complications of which.