Objective We established a model of human breast cancer in nude mice, to discuss the feature of pathology and biology of breast cancer,and give help to establish tools of pathogen research. Methods Human breast cancer cells MCF-7 were subcutaneously injected into the right armpit of nude mice to establish human breast cancer models.The mice were divided into composite group, estrogen group, leptin group and the blank group (30 in each). In the composite group,estrogen and leptin were injected into peripheral region of the tumor daily.In the estrogen group,estrogen was injected.In the leptin group, leptin was injected.In the blank group, physiological saline was injected.Tumor growth was observed, and the volume of the tumor was recorded.The tumor tissues obtained from the mice were pathologically examined. Results (1)The tumor-taking rate of leptin group and the blank group were 46.7% (14/30)and33.3% (10/30) ,and the mode is failure.In composite group and estrogen group they were 96.7% (29/30) and 70% (28/30).There was not significant difference between them ( P < 0.05).(2) The differences of average diameter and volume were statistically significant between the composite group and the estrogen group (P < 0.05).(3) Pathology diagnosis was invasive ductal carcinoma. Conclusions (1) Establishing human breast cancer model in nude mice need the stimulation of estrogen. The tumor-taking rate of nude mice has no relationship with leptin.(2) In the study in vivo, leptin as same as estrogen has stimulating effect on MCF-7 cells proliferation.(3) The transplanted cancer cell partly have the pathology and biology features of the human breast cancer cells and give help to establish tools of pathogen research.

Objective To observe the effect of single intensive hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) on cytochrome C and caspase-3 in rats af-ter permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) very early. Methods Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to per-manent MCAO model using the intraluminal suture method, and were divided into control group (n=24) and HBO group (n=24). The HBO group stayed in the hyperbaric cabin with a pressure of 0.2 MPa for 9 hours 3 hours after MCAO. They were measured with Garcia scores 3 hours, 13 hours and 24 hours after MCAO. Apoptosis cells of ischemic penumbra tissue were investigated with TUNEL 13 hours and 24 hours after MCAO, while the level of cytochrome C and caspase-3 were measured with ELISA. Results The Garcia scores increased 13 hours and 24 hours after MCAO in both groups, but there was no significant difference between groups (t<2.07, P>0.05). The apoptosis cells were found in both groups 13 hours and 24 hours after MCAO, and less in the HBO group than in the control group (t>6.57, P<0.01). The levels of cytochrome C and caspase-3 were less in the HBO group than in the control group 24 hours after MCAO (t>2.41, P<0.05). Conclusion A single intensive HBO in very early stage may improve neurological function after cerebral ischemia in rats, which may associ-ate with the inhibition of cytochrome C and caspase-3 to reduce cell apoptosis.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of spiral CT for the intestinal obstruction of unknown causes.Methods The CT findings of 115 intestinal obstructive patients with unknown causes were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of the 115 patients,the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction was comfirmed by CT in 110 cases patients,the correct diagnostic rate was 95.7%.Conclusions Abdominal CT is a rapid、simple and effective means for diagnosis of the location、cause and degree of obstruction in cases of intestinal obstruction with unknown cause.It can act as an important basis for the treatment program by doctors.

Objective:To observe the effect of diammonium glycyrrhizinate injection on bronchus,lung tissue and amount of eosinophils(EOS)in rats with asthma and to discuss the mechanism of diammonium glycyrrhizinate intervention on airway inflammation in asthma.Methods:To divide 60 male SD rats into 6 groups as following:normal control group,model group,dexameth group,high dose of diammonium glycyrrhizinate group,middle dose of diammonium glycyrrhizinate group and low dose of diammonium glycyrrhizinate group(n=10).After setting up the model of rats with asthma,we detect the EOS in both rats'blood serum and bronchoalveolar lavage and observe the pathological change in bronchus and lung tissue in rats of each group.Results:Not only the amount of EOS of rats in model group is bigger than that in normal control group(P

Objective To investigate the different effect of exogenous leptin on estrogen receptor α,β mRNA in human breast tumor tissue in nude mice xenograft models. Methods We made nude mice xenograft models of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells cultured in vitro, then divided them into experimental group of]eptin( n = 30)and control group of normal saline( n = 30)randomly. The models of experimental group were injected subcutaneously the recombinant human leptin for 15 consecutive days, the models of control group were injected subcutaneously the same dose of normal saline. A real- time quantitative RT- PCR assay was developed to quantify the expression of estrogen receptor α, β mRNA in tumor tissue, using the relative quantitative analysis. Results The leptin-intervened nude mice xenograft models were safely established. The relative quantitation of estrogen receptor α mRNA was significantly higher in the leptin group than in the normal saline group ( P ＜ 0.01 ), the relative quantitation of estrogen receptor β mRNA was significantly lower in the leptin group than in the normal saline group ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion The nude mice xenograft models can be safely intervened with human leptin by subcutaneous injection around tumor.Estrogen receptor is one of the targets of leptin in the progress of breast cancer. Exogenous human leptin can up- regulate the expression of estrogen receptor α and down- regulate the expression of the estrogen receptor βin nude mice xenograft models of human breast tumor.

Objective To investigate the cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles on vascular endothelial cells, and to clarify its action mechanism.Methods The 60 nm silica nanoparticle was selected and the invitro cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)were used as cell model.The HUVECs were divided into control and silica nanoparticle exposure groups with concentrations of 12.5,25.0,and 100.00 mg·L-1 .MTT assay was used for the determination of cell viability,lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)release assay for membrane integrity,flow cytometry (FCM)for intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)content,and real-time PCR assay for intracellular NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2 ), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1 ), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2 ) and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC)mRNA levels.Results The MTT results showed that the cell viabilities in each silica nnaoparticle exposure group were decreased compared with control group in a dose-dependent manner. Upon the silica nanoparticle exposure for 12 h,the cell viability was declined significantly only in 100 mg·L-1 exposure group compared with control group (P<0.05).When exposured for 24 h,the cell viabilities in 25.0, 50.0,and 100.0 mg·L-1 exposure groups were declined significantly compared with control group (P<0.05). Under the exposure to silica nanoparticle with the same dose, the cell viabilities were decreased along with the elongation of exposure time.LDH assay and FCM showed that except for that in 12.5 mg·L-1 exposure group, both the LDH activities in media and intracellular ROS levels in other exposure groups were increased compared with control group (P<0.05 ). The results of real-time fluorescence PCR showed that the mRNA levels of Nrf2, HO-1,SOD2 and GCLC in 100 mg·L-1 silica nanoparticle exposure group were increased significantly compared with control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Silica nanoparticles have toxicity to vascular endothelial cells,which includes reducing cell viability,membrane integrity destruction,induction of ROS generation,and tranSCriptional regulation of redox-related factors. Oxidative damage is one of the mechanisms of vascular endothelial toxicity mediated by silica nanoparticles.

Objective To explore the treatment of multifocal lower extremity arteriosclerosis oblitera-tions. Methods From March 2014 to September 2014, combined procedures were performed on 30 lower limbs in 30 patients with multifocal lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterations for revascularization. All the patients underwent endovascular , 20 of whom received endarterectomy , 10 received artery emboloctomy , and 8 received profundaplasty. The rates of technical success and clinical success were observed. The patients were followed up for 6-12 months to observe the total patency rate and rate of limb reservation. Results The technical success rate was 100%. The perioperative complication rate was 30% (9/30). 29 limbs gained improvement with differ-ent degree and the clinical success rate was 96.67% (29/30). The ankle-brachial index elevated 0.37 ± 0.19 on average (P < 0.001). Primary patency rate was 90% and 73% at 6 and 12 months, and 12-month limb reserva-tion rate was 97.67%. Conclusions The combined procedures for complex lower extremity arteriosclerosis oblit-erations have a higher short- to mid-term patency rate and limb reservation rate.

ObjectiveTo investigate the inhibitory effect of lentivirusly-mediated ObR-siRNA on transplanted MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by intratumoral injection.MethodsA model of subcutaneous implanted tumor was generated through injecting MCF-7 human breast cancer cells into the nude mice.Thirty established mice with MCF-7 breast cancer cells xenograft were divided into 3 groups randomly,and mice in the experimental group were intratumorally injected with ObR-siRNA lentivirus,while the negative control group and blank control group mice were injected with the same dose of negative lentivirus and normal saline.All mice were subcutaneously injected with recombinant human leptin around the tumor site once a day.Tumor size was blindly measured every other day and the mRNA expression and protein expression levels of ObR in each group were determined.ResultsKnockdown of ObR-treated xenografted nude mice with a high leptin microenvironment was successfully established.Local injection of ObR-siRNA lentivirus significantly suppressed the established tumor growth in nude mice(P ＜ 0.01,P ＜0.01 ).Real time-PCR and Western blotting showed that the mRNA and protein expression of ObR was decreased in the ObR-siRNA lentivirus group( P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsIntratumoral injection of recomhinant ObR-siRNA lentivirus inhibits the growth of MCF-7 cells xenografts in the nude mice,suggesting that ObR might represent a therapeutic target in the genotherapies of human breast cancer.

Objective To summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic experiences for multiple insulinoma. Methods Clinical data of 34 cKsefl of multiple insulinoma treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 1984 and 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Multiple insulinoma was identified in these 34 cases for 37 instances.Malignant insulinoma was found in 2 cases.Three cases suffered from postoperative recurrent multipie tumors.35.3% cases belonged to MEN1;13.5% cases were of insulinoma combined with islet hyperplasia;43.2% cases had 3 or more than 3 insulinomas;Fifteen cases (40.5%)had had a misdiagnosis.45.2%tumors were smaller than 1 cm in diameter:88.9%multiple insulinonla located at the body and tail of the pancreas.Enucleation of multiple tumors was performed for 48.7 percent of cases. Conclusions Most multiple insulinomas were small,it was difficult for preoperative examination to locate all the tumors therefore.Being on the alert against multiple insulinoma and such measures as careful exploration,intraoperative blood glucose determination.fine needle aspiration biopsy,frozen sections helps to avoid missing multiple imuhnoma.

Objective To study the value of parameters of Transit-Time Flow Measurement(TTFM) as predictor and judge for one-year after coronary artery bypass transplantation in patency rate of vessel grafts .Methods Parameters of quantity of blood flow and the value of PI( pulsation index) were measured and recorded by intraoperative TTFM in CABG .One-year of follow-ing up, coronary artery CT or coronary angiography examination were accomplished.Results Our study include artery grafts 46(including LIMA grafts 44, RIMA graft 1 and radial artery graft 1) with the patency rate of grafts 91.3％ for one-year after CABG, and vein grafts 48 with the patency rate of grafts 66.7％ .There exists statistically significant difference between above two groups(P<0.001).High PI is independent risk factor(P =0.037) in patency rate of vessel grafts for one-year after CABG by binary logistics regression analysis but no other parameters have the statistical significance (P>0.05) .The results from logistic regression were summarized using the area under the ROC curve(AUC) .The pulsation index has been found hav-ing moderate judgment ability(P=0.016) for the dysfunction of grafts after CABG for one-year with optimal cut-off value of 2. 45.Conclusion Intraoperative high value of PI is the independent risk factor in patency rate of vessel grafts for one-year after CABG.