Objective] Discussing the relationship between COPD phenotypes and patterns of TCM. [Methods] Discussing the relationship by searching of documents about research of COPD phenotypes. [Result]The phenotype of chronicbronchitis and exacerbation, emphysema,inflammation,FEV1 declining or overlap syndrome may match with different patterns of TCM.[Conclusion] COPD phenotypes have similarities with patterns of TCM at component, influence and typing target.

Objective To observe the effect of transcutanous acupoint electrical stimulation(TAES)and dexmedetomidine on postoperative cogni?tive dysfunction in female patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. Methods Nighty patients scheduled for laparoscopic surgery were recruited in this study and randomly divided into control group(group C,n=30),TAES group(group T,n=30)and dexmedetomidine group(group D,n=30). In group T,patients received TAES treatment 30 min before the anesthesia until the end of the surgery at Neiguan(PC 6)and Zusanli(ST 36). The frequency was 2/100 Hz. In group D,patients were intravenously administrated with dexmedetomidine(0.5μg/kg)before the induction. All the patients were given routine general anesthesia. Drugs induced were sulfentanyl,etomidate and cisatracurium. Sevoflurane was given to main?tain the bispectral index(BIS)between 40 and 55. The time of extubation and in PACU was recorded. The serum S100βlevel was assessed at pre?operation(T0),the end of operation(T1)and 24 h after operation(T2). Mini?mental state examination(MMSE)was adopted to evaluate and re?cord the changes in cognitive function 1 day before operation and 24 h after operation. Results The incidence rate of POCD in group T and group D were lower than that in group C(all P<0.05). The level of S100βin group T and group D was lower than those in group C at T1 and T2 separately (all P<0.05). The time of extubation and time in PACU in group D were longer than those in group C and group T(all P<0.05),and the incidence of bradycadia in group D was higher than that in the other groups(all P<0.05). Conclusion TAES and dexmedetomidine reduce the incidence of cognitive dysfunction,decrease the release of S100βprotein. However,dexmedetomidine increases bradycadia,and prolongs extubation time and stay time in PACU. Hence,TAES deserve to be recommended practically.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of narrow-band imaging (NBI) in diagnosis of color-ectal neoplasm. Methods A total of 96 colorectal neoplasm from 78 patients were observed under NBI, and the findings were compared with those from magnifying chromo-endoscopy and pathologic examinations. Re-suits The sensitivity of conventional colonoscopy in diagnosis of polyps was 78. 7%, which was increased to 99% (P < 0. 05) under NBI, with the clear identification of the shape and boundary of the lesions. Magnif-ying NBI colonoscopy provided images of pit patterns similar to those from chromo-endoscopy in diagnosis of type Ⅱ , ⅢL, Ⅳ and ⅤN, which showed better recognition than conventional colonoscopy, but less sensitiv-ity than chromo-endoscopy. Superficial vascular morphologic features could be better classified with NBI, with sensitivity of 100% and specificity at 87. 8%, which was superior to conventional colonoscopy but infe-rior to chromo-endoscopy. Conclusion Both chromo-endoscopy and NBI colonoscopy have better sensitivity and specificity in detection of colon polyps, while chromo-endoscopy reveals clear superficial structure of le-sion and pit pattern, and NBI demenstrates capillary morphology, which can distinguish neoplasm from non-neoplasm colorectal lesions. NBI, easy and convenient to switch, is an effective technique to make early di-agnosis of colorectal neoplasm.

Objective To compare the effects of tracheal intubation (TI) and laryngeal mask (LM) during general anesthesia (GA) induction on the α 1-band of quantitative pharmaco-electroencephalography (QPEEG).Methods Fortypatients undergoing GA were randomly divided into two groups:group T included 20 patients who received TI and group L included 20 who received a LM.Parameters like heart rate (HR),mean arterial pressure (MAP),and QPEEG were recorded before anesthesia induction (T0),after induction (T1),and after intubating the cannula or LM (T2).Using power-spectrum analysis,we calculated the power percentage of the α 1-band of QPEEG.Results The HR,MAP,and power percentage of the α 1-band in most areas of the brain were lower at T1 than at T0 (P ＜ 0.05) in both groups.Moreover,the HR,MAP,and α 1-band power percentage were higher at T2 than at T1 (P ＜ 0.05) in group T,whereas they showed no significant change at T2 (P ＞ 0.05) in group L.Conclusion TI is stronger than LM for stimulating the circulatory system.Moreover,TI may cause an increase in the power percentage of the α 1-band of QPEEG.This finding suggests that the α1-band power percentage of QPEEG can be an effective means of monitoring stimulation.

Objective:To observe the effect of diammonium glycyrrhizinate injection on bronchus,lung tissue and amount of eosinophils(EOS)in rats with asthma and to discuss the mechanism of diammonium glycyrrhizinate intervention on airway inflammation in asthma.Methods:To divide 60 male SD rats into 6 groups as following:normal control group,model group,dexameth group,high dose of diammonium glycyrrhizinate group,middle dose of diammonium glycyrrhizinate group and low dose of diammonium glycyrrhizinate group(n=10).After setting up the model of rats with asthma,we detect the EOS in both rats'blood serum and bronchoalveolar lavage and observe the pathological change in bronchus and lung tissue in rats of each group.Results:Not only the amount of EOS of rats in model group is bigger than that in normal control group(P

Objective To evaluate the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)on emergence agitation in children under?went general anesthesia with sevoflurane. Methods Sixty children aged 3?6 years underwent adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy were selected and randomly divided into two groups:TEAS(group T,n=30)and control(group C,n=30). After venous induction,the general anesthesia was main?tained with sevoflurane. Group T received continuous TEAS at point hegu and neiguan after anesthesia induction till the end of operation. Control group were not given TEAS. The change of the blood flow dynamics in the process of anesthesia,the time of extubation,awaking time and the time in PACU were recorded. The emergence agitation,postoperative nausea and vomitting and respiratory depression were observed. Results There were no significant differences in gender,age,weight,anesthesia time,and operative time between the two groups (P>0.05 ). There was no significant difference in extubation time,awaking time and time in PACU between the two groups(P>0.05). The mean arterial pressure and heart rate in group T were lower than those in group C at the time of extubation and in PACU(P<0.05). The emergence agitation scale in group T was lower than in group C(P<0.01). There was no significant difference in incidence rate of PONV and respiratory depression between two groups. Conclusion TEAS can reduce emergence agitation in children with sevoflurane?induced general anesthesia,but not prolong extubation time,awaking time and time in PACU. In addition,it does not increase the incidence of respiratory depression.

Objective To survey the satisfaction degree of the postgraduates in professional degree with The Joining Together of Double-Track education model in the current stage of professional degree graduate education and standardized training of residents in China. Methods According to various factors, such as the current situation of postgraduates in medical universities, we sought the opinions of relevant experts to design questionnaire. Meanwhile, to enhance the reliability of the questionnaire and the survey, we chose the postgraduates of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University first to do the pre-survey, and according to the feedback, we adjusted part of the aspects, thus formed a formal questionnaire, which included the satisfaction with training of clinical practice ability, training of research ability, and tutors' assessment etc. Finally, the Chinese New Youth Forum online released the questionnaires, selecting the postgraduates in professional degree who were participating in, or had participated in the completion of the standardized training as the participants, which took place between March 2016 and May 2016. SPSS 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. The evaluation results of different majors were tested by Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. Results According to the results of the survey, the aspects in the clinical resident standard-ized training that the 1000 postgraduates were more satisfied with were as follows: training time [42.8%(n=428)], training center [41.8% (n=418)], training of clinical practice ability [41.6% (n=416)], tutors [40.2%(n=402)], economic income [38.8%(n=388)], department arrangements [38.4% (n=384)], training of research ability [37.5%(n=375)]. There is a significant difference in the satisfaction degree of different pro-fessional graduate students in theJoining Together of Double-Trackeducation model (P<0.05). ConclusionThe Joining Together of Double-Track education model should be compatible with the training objectives of postgraduates in professional degree. Much more attention should be paid to the post-graduates, satisfac-tion degree with the clinical resident standardized training, as well as the requirements during the training period, improve the evaluation of graduate students' ability of scientific research, econo-mic income and so on, so as to improve the training system for the postgraduates.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil in the treatment of self?control intravenous an?algesia after laparoscopic surgery. Methods Sixty patients,who underwent laparoscopic sugery and general anaesthesia,American Society of Anes?thesiologistsⅠtoⅡ,were randomly divided into dexmedetomidine(DS)group and sufentanil(S)group,with thirty cases in each group. Group S received sufentanil 2μg·kg-1 and ramosetron hydrochloride 0.3 mg;group DS received sufentanil 2μg·kg-1,dexmedetomidine 200μg and ramose?tron hydrochloride 0.3 mg. Drugs of both groups were dissolved in saline 100 mL,with a loading dose of 4 mL,background infusion of 2 mL·h-1,con?trolled dose of 0.5 mL·h-1,and the lockout time was 15 min. Visual analog scale(VAS)score,Ramsay sedation scale(RSS)score,sufentanil cu?mulative consumption after surgery at 2 h,4 h,6 h,12 h,24 h were recorded,as well as the adverse reactions such as nausea,the occurrence of vomiting and chills within 24 h after surgery,and the satisfaction of patients with postoperative analgesia. Results Six hours post operation,VAS score of group DS was significantly lower than the group S(P<0.05);2 hours post operation,RSS score of group DS was significantly higher than the group S(P<0.05);the cumulative consumption within 6 hours after sufentanil was significantly lower in group DS than group S(P<0.05). The incidence of nausea,vomiting,chills and other adverse reactions were significantly higher in group S than group DS(P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with the simple application of sufentanil,dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil for postoperative analgesia achieve better analgesic effect,reducing the amount of sufentanil,while reducing the associated sufentanil adverse reactions,improve patient comfort and satisfaction of post?operative analgesia.

The paper aimed to find the optimal combination and evaluation of the interactions of antitumor effect of the curcumin (Cur) and adriamycin (ADM) in vitro. According to the factorial design and data characteristics, the parameter method combined with the response surface approach were used to analyze the pharmacodynamic interactions of in vitro antitumor effects of the combination of Cur and ADM at different dosages. The results showed that the dose-effect relationship of the combination with the ratio of ADM-Cur 1:3 showed significant differences in comparison with either used alone. The dose-effect curve was shift left in combination. The combination of adriamycin (ADM, 0.693-2.132 micromol L(-1)) and curcumin (Cur, 2.047-6.304 micromol L(-1)) with a fixed ratio (1:3) showed a synergism. With increasing doses of the combination, there is an additive effect. Computer simulation showed a trend of decreasing difference between the observed and expected effects with the dose increasing in Cur from 6.304 to 16.0 micromol L(-1) and ADM from 2.132 to 5.3 micromol L(-1). The response surface analysis showed the optimal combination to be Cur 18.50 micromol L(-1) and ADM 3.89 micromol L(-1) with a ratio of 5:1. This study suggests that the parameter method combined with the response surface analysis provides richer and more reasonable information, and is helpful for quantitative design of drug combination therapy and to describe the nature and degree of drug interaction.

Objective To explore the treatment of multifocal lower extremity arteriosclerosis oblitera-tions. Methods From March 2014 to September 2014, combined procedures were performed on 30 lower limbs in 30 patients with multifocal lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterations for revascularization. All the patients underwent endovascular , 20 of whom received endarterectomy , 10 received artery emboloctomy , and 8 received profundaplasty. The rates of technical success and clinical success were observed. The patients were followed up for 6-12 months to observe the total patency rate and rate of limb reservation. Results The technical success rate was 100%. The perioperative complication rate was 30% (9/30). 29 limbs gained improvement with differ-ent degree and the clinical success rate was 96.67% (29/30). The ankle-brachial index elevated 0.37 ± 0.19 on average (P < 0.001). Primary patency rate was 90% and 73% at 6 and 12 months, and 12-month limb reserva-tion rate was 97.67%. Conclusions The combined procedures for complex lower extremity arteriosclerosis oblit-erations have a higher short- to mid-term patency rate and limb reservation rate.