Objective To establish a method for determination of puerarin in Yangwei Soft Capsule. Methods HPLC was used for quantitative ananlysis. The Phenomenex Kromasil C18 (250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) column was used,and mobile phase was composed of methanol-water (22∶78). Detection wavelength was at 294 nm,the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,column temperature was at 40 ℃,the injection volume was 10 ?L. Results The linear response ranges from 0.058 8～0.882 0 ?g of magnolol (r=0.999 9,n=6). The average recovery of magnolol is 99.35%,RSD=1.94%. The linear response ranges from 0.020 4～0.306 0 ?g of honokio (r =0.999 8,n =6). The averagy recovery of honokio is 99.21%,RSD=2.10%. Conclusion The method is simple,accurate,and suitable for the determination of the purarin in compound preparations.

Objective To establish a capillary gas chromatography method for the determination of menthol and methyl salicylate in Shangtongning adhesive plaster. Methods The internal standard substance of n-Pentadecane was employed. The GC system consisted of a DB-WAX capillary column (30 m?0.32 mm, 0.25 ?m), nitrogen as the carrier gas, column temperature at 130 ℃, FID as the detector at 200 ℃, and with a split ratio of 12∶1. Results The contents of menthol and methyl salicylate in 6 lots of samples were determined and the constituents concerned were separated well under the chromatographic condition. The average recovery of menthol and methyl salicylate were 101.52% (RSD=2.66%) and 100.34% (RSD=3.38%), respectively. Conclusion The method was sensitive, accurate, specific and suitable for the quality control of the preparation.

Objective To establish a method for determination of psoralen and isopsoralen in Bushen Jiannao Soft Capsule. Methods The HPLC separation was performed on Diamonsil-C18 (250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) column with a mixture methanol-water (48∶52) as the mobile phase, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Detection wavelength was at 246 nm, and column temperature at 40 ℃. Results The linear response of psoralen and isopsoralen ranged from 0.010 08～0.252 ?g (r=0.999 8) and 0.009 14～0.228 5 ?g (r =0.999 9). The average recovery was 98.91% (RSD=1.74%) and 99.93% (RSD=1.27%) respectively. Conclusion The method is simple, accurate, and suitable for the determination of the psoralen and isopsoralen in the preparations.

Object To study the formation of geoherbalism of Flos Lonicerae on the molecular level Methods Genomic DNAs from different populations of Lonicera japonica Thunb , outgroup Lonicera similis Hemsl , and Lonicera confusa DC were extracted, the 5S rRNA gene spacer region amplified, sequuenced, and analysed with Mega 1 02 Results The fragments of 5S rRNA gene spacer region in Lonicera L was about 210 bp with G+C content up to about 70% The sequences were different in various populations, and can be identified by sequencing The genetic distance between L confusa and L japonica was larger Conclusion The genuine distance between species was larger than that within species; the genetic distance among genuine crude drugs was smaller; the genetic distance among genuine and ungenuine crude drugs were bigger than that among genuine crude drugs

According to the characteristic of the practice in the outpatient dentofacial surgery,we analyzed the prominent contradiction in the process.With the progress of the medical service law and the innovation of the medical treatment mode,we must pay more attention to the ethics problems on the medical education.Before practice,we must strengthen the students' training in stimulator,the concept of legal,ethics,communication skill and so on.Teachers and hospitals should take the responsibility.The relevant laws and regulations ought to be modified step by step to ensure the practice.

Objective To establish an HPLC method for determination of low-molecular-weight carbonyl compounds in the oil-containing herbs. Methods After carbonyl compounds in the samples were extracted with water, the solution reacted with 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) in an acidic medium to form 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazone derivatives, which were separated on Kromasil KR100-5 C18 column (250 mm× 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase A was water-acetonitrile-tetrahydrofuran-isopropanol (59∶30∶10∶1), mobile phase B was water-acetonitrile (35∶65), gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.8 mL/min, detection wavelength was 365 nm, and column temperature was 30 ℃. Results Good linearities were obtained in corresponding concentration ranges, with correlation coefficient over 0.999. The limits of detection of the eight DNPH derivatives were 0.002-0.008 μg/mL, and the average recoveries were 88.49%-93.65%. Conclusion The method is simple, accurate and reliable, with good reproducibility.

Objective:To investigate the effects of TGF-β1 on T lymphocytes of BALB/c mice infected with Echinococcus granulosus( E.granulosus ) in vitro.Methods: The inhibitor group:the spleen cells of BALB/c mouse were co-cultured with E.granulosus and SB525334.The control group:the spleen cells of BALB/c mouse were co-cultured with E.granulosus and PBS.The blank group:the spleen cells of BALB/c mouse were co-cultured with RPMI-1640 medium and SB525334.The lymphocytes were collected at 48 h post-infection.The T lymphocyte subsets, the number of CD4+CD25+T cells, the number of NK cells, and the expression of NKG2D receptor were detected by flow cytometry.The NK cell activity was determined with the lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay(LDH).Results:The inhibition the TGF-β1 receptors resulted in the increase of in the number of CD4+T cells,the decrease in the number of CD8+T cells,the increase of in the ratio CD4+/CD8+T cells,the decrease of in the number of CD4+CD25+T cells,the increase in the expression of the NKG2D receptors,the increase in the lysis rate of Yac-1 cells by NK cells,and a positive cor-relation between the expression of activity receptor NKG2D and killing activity of NK, which were mediated by E.granulosus.Conclusion: The inhibition of TGF-β1 receptors can enhance the immune response of T lymphocytes against E.granulosus infection in vitro.

Objective: To analyze the total fluids intake and sources of college students from Hebei in spring and summer, and to provide a scientific reference for appropriate fluids intake in different seasons. Methods: Subjects were recruited in a university in Baoding, Hebei Province, and investigations were conducted in April and June 2021. The number of people who completed both spring and summer investigations was 80. Quantitative instruments and 7 day 24 h Fluid Intake Questionnaire were used to investigate the total drinking fluids, and it was recorded for 7 consecutive days in spring and summer respectively. The duplicate portion method was used to investigate the water from food. The total fluids intake and sources among subjects were analyzed in spring and summer. Results: There was no statistical significance between the total drinking fluids and total fluids intake between spring and summer [1 141(715), 1 176(649)mL/d, (2 496±604)(2 458±554)mL/d] ( F=1.86, 0.59, P >0.05). Spring showed significantly higher water from food compared with summer [(1 318±274)(1 217±302)mL/d]( F=16.63, P <0.05). The proportions of total drinking fluids and water from food in spring were 46% and 54%, respectively, and both were 50% in summer, the differences were statistically significant ( F=12.97, 12.97, P <0.05). There were differences in total fluids intake,total drinking fluids and water from food of different genders in earch season ( t/Z =4.75, -3.63, 3.44; 4.80, -2.91, 4.01, P <0.05). There were differences in total water intake, total drinking fluids, the proportions of total drinking fluids and water from food of different BMI groups in each season ( F/H =8.08, 16.65, 3.03, 3.03; 7.11,17.97, 4.52, 4.52, P <0.05). In spring, only 13.8% of subjects achieved the recommended total drinking fluids of China, compared with 18.8% in summer. In spring and summer, the total fluids intake, total drinking fluids, the proportions of total drinking fluids in the group achieved the recommendation were all higher than those who did not reach the recommendation ( t/Z =6.64, -5.19, 5.79; 8.12, -5.97, 5.70, P <0.05). Conclusion Season is a factor that affects total fluids intake, and it should be taken into account when setting the recommendation on adequate water intake.

By reviewing the relevant literature of ancient herbal works and modern codices， this paper sorted out the historical evolution and developmental venation of processing of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma. On this basis， the modern research of processed products of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma was used as the breakthrough point to analyze the literature in terms of processing technology， chemical composition changes and changes in pharmacological effects before and after processing. According to the research status of processing of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma， some existing problems were analyzed in this paper， such as not many ancient processing methods used in modern time， lack of standardized research on processing technology. And saponins， polysaccharides， amino acids， flavonoids and other chemical components in Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma may change to different degrees before and after processing， which was the main reason for the difference of efficacy before and after processing. However， the current research on the pharmacological effects of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma mainly focuses on raw products， resulting in a lack of in-depth research on the transformation mechanism of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma in processing difference， and the scientific connotation of "Shengxiao Shubu" has not been clearly elaborated， which is not conducive to the standardized clinical use of drugs. Therefore， it is necessary to further analyze the material basis of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and its processed products， and to explore the change rule of chemical components before and after processing and its correlation with pharmacodynamic activity， so as to clarify the processing mechanism for providing scientific basis for its standardized processing， quality control and clinical rational use.