OBJECTIVE:To screen the formulae of norfloxacin zinc(NF-Zn) suspended granules using uniform design METHODS:The uniform design with 5 levels and 4 factors was employed to screen five formulae of NF-Zn and sedimentation rate,granularity,dissolubility,moisture content and taste of these granules were evaluated and scored The total score of each formula was regressed with the 4 factors by computer RESULTS:The results of regression equation suggested that the optimum formula was NF-Zn 0 2g,CMS-Na 0 25g,2%PVP and manitol 0 55g in each packet CONCLUSION:It is effective and convenient to optimize the formula of NF-Zn granules by uniform design

Objective To establish a regenerative system in vitro and determine the endogenous hormones of Zanthoxylum dissitum. Methods Lamina of Z. dissitum was used as the explant. Callus adventitious bud differentiation was carried out by culturing on MS with different hormones. At the same time,in the course of callus induction,four endogenous hormone of GA3,IAA,ABA,and ZR were determined by ELISA. Results The optimum medium for adventitious bud regeneration of Z. dissitum was MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L,and the highest induction rate could reach to 61%. During the process of the differentiation of explants callus,the contents of ZR and IAA were correspondingly higher than other endogenous hormones,the content of ABA was always kept in low level during this process,the content of GA3 was kept in the trend of upgrading during the earlier differentiation period. Conclusion It could be considered that ZR and IAA should be the critical factors in the bud induction. According to the results,a proper adding of GA3in the culture medium could improve the differentiation rate of the adventitious bud. On the other side,ABA might be the negative regulation factor.

Objective:To monitor the liver oxygen saturation (rStO 2-liv) and the intestinal oxygen saturation (rStO 2-abd) in very low birth weight infants (VLBW) using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and explore the difference between the two indicators and their clinical significance. Methods:This prospective study included newborns with a birth weight of less than 1 500 g at the Nanjing Women and Children′s Healthcare Hospital, from October 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023.On the 7 th day after birth, Gutcheck NEC scores were evaluated, followed by continuous NIRS measurement for 8 hours.Clinical data and NIRS measurements were collected and comparatively analyzed.The differences between groups were compared by two independent samples t-test and One-Way ANOVA. The diagnostic value of NIRS was analyzed using receiver operating haracteristic curves. Results:A total of 42 VLBW infants were enrolled in this study.There was no statistically significant difference between rStO 2-liv and rStO 2-abd ( P=0.117).According to the Gutcheck NEC score, there were 7 patients in the low-risk group, 29 in the medium-risk group, and 6 in the high-risk group.No statistically significant difference was observed in rStO 2-liv among the different risk groups ( F=2.145, P=0.131).The rStO 2-abd decreased significantly with increasing risk ( F=5.127, P=0.011).The Bland-Altman plot indicated no consistency between rStO 2-liv and rStO 2-abd ( P=0.024).The receiver operator characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for rStO 2-abd diagnosing the high-risk Gutcheck NEC score was 0.800, with a cutoff value of 41.41%, sensitivity of 85.70%, and specificity of 48.60%. Conclusions:Simultaneous measurement of rStO 2-liv and rStO 2-abd using NIRS is safe and feasible in VLBW infants, but the two measures can not be substituted for each other.Low rStO 2-abd (<41.41%) indicates a higher risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in infants.