Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) is anatomic theoretical foundation based on breast and upper limb lymph axillary lymph injected into different lymphatic populations, ARM can display upper limb lymphatic channels through different tracers during the periods of axillary lymph node dissection and sentinel lymph node dissection, to reduce the rate of postoperative upper extremity edem.Although ARM has a positive effect, it exists a controversy in safety and the relationship between its node and sentinel lymph node.

Pim-3,a new member of the the proto-oncogene pim family which expresses serine and threonine kinase activity,shows a high similar to pim-1 and pim-2 at the function,structure and sequence.Pim-3 plays an important regulative role in the cell cycle transform,cell apoptosis and occurrence of the malignant tumors by phosphorylating numerous specific substrates.

Objective: To find the reason of risk on medical equipment. Methods: Based on RCA, to adopt the event classification to evaluate the X-ray equipment, high-frequency electro tome, electro-cardiac monitor, infusion pump, ventilator, defibrillators and infant incubator, discuss the root cause of medical risk. Results:To deduce the medical equipment risk by PM and quality control. Conclusion:With the analysis of quality control, the application of RCA is gradually explained in management of medical equipment.

The separation of digestive system cancer stem cells (CSCs) is the first step of the study of stem cell.At present,there are three methods of separation of the digestive system CSCs:cell phenotype sorting,side population cell sorting and serum-free culture.The separation of digestive system CSCs is based on these three methods or be improved to a higher proportion of CSCs.

Based on the theory of cancer stem cells (CSCs),people have been searching for the treatments of malignant cancers.Gastric cancer side population cells (SP) have the characteristics of CSCs.Searching for the molecular targeted therapy strategy of gastric cancer which embarks from the gastric cancer SP and is based on the theory of CSCs provides a new direction for the treatment,early diagnosis,therapeutic effect and prognosis of gastric cancer.

Breast conserving surgery has become the first choice for the treatment of early breast cancer.However,the safety margin is still one of the important issues for surgeons in the implementation of breast conserving surgery.Because variety of clinical factors have some effects on the safety margin,at present,no consensus on safe margin of breast conserving surgery is reached,and the controversy still goes on.

Side population cells (SPs) are selected by the efflux features of fluorescent dye Hoechst33342.SPs have the characteristics of cancer stem cells,and play an extremely important role in the occurrence and development of tumors.At present,the SPs in common types of malignant tumor have been studied extensively at home and abroad.The study of SPs may shed some light on the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Primary liver cancer is a high incidence and common malignant tumor in China. Portal vein tumor thrombus is one of the biologic marks of advanced liver cancer and difficult to be cured, and the prognosis is extremely poor. This paper systematically describes the formation mechanism, diagnosis,classification and prognosis of portal vein tumor thrombus. It would provide a theoretical basis for this clinical problem in order to reasonably understand and actively treat it.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is considered as a preleukemic course, characteristic of hypercellular marrow and pancytopenia. Many studies have demonstrated that defects occur in the heamtopoietic cells from patients with MDS. Recently, many abnormal changes in apoptosis, proliferation, ability of hematopoietic support, cytokine secretion, clonal origin of stromal cells and angiogenesis have also been revealed in the bone marrow microenvironment of MDS patients.

Portal vein tumor thrombus is a common complication of primary liver cancer,in the event,and often indicates that his condition has office in the late irreversible,the prognosis is extremely poor.This article describes the treatment of portal vein tumor thrombus of existing methods,to promote muhidisciplinary treatment,improve survival in patients with advanced liver cancer.