0.05),the incidence of adverse drug reactions were 3.5% and 2.4%,respectively and the total treatment costs were(4 146.45?282.15)yuan and(4 807.20?318.15)yuan,respectively;and the cost-minimization analysis showed that manicol was the preferred therapy as compared with Glycerol Fructose.In the treatment of the patients with cerebral infarction complicating renal dysfunction,the total effective rates of the two drugs were 80.0% and 93.3%,respectively(P

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Tanreqing injection in treating children's viral pneumonia.METHODS:In this retrospective study,sixty children with viral pneumonia were randomly assigned to receive Tanreqing Injection(treatment Group,n=30)or Ribavirin(control Group,n=30).The clinical effects and adverse drug reactions(ADRs)of the two groups were compared,and the cost-effectiveness analyses were performed.RESULTS:The effective rate was 100% in the treatment Group versus 80% in the control Group;the incidence rate of ADRs was 3.33% vs.13.33%;the cost was 297.88 vs.399.95 yuan;and the cost-effectiveness was 297.88 vs.499.94,all showing significant differences between the two groups(P

Objective:To improve the quality standard for Qingyuantiaozhi capsules. Methods:The main components of the prep-aration, such as Chrysanthemum, Anthraquinones, Hawthorn and Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, were identified by TLC qualitatively. The content of chlorogenic acid in chrysanthemum was determined by HPLC. A DIKMA Spursil C18(250 ×4.6 mm,5 μm)column was used with methanol-0. 2% phosphoric acid solution(9 ∶91) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was set at 327 mn and the sample size was 20 μl. Results:The spots in TLC were clear without any interference. The cali-bration curve was linear within the range of 4. 425 2-30. 976 4μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9) for chlorogenic acid. The average recovery was 101. 18% (RSD=1. 88%, n=6). Conclusion:The improved quality standard is specific, accurate and reproducible, which can be used for the quality control of Qingyuantiaozhi capsules.

Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; CD28 Antigens ; blood ; metabolism ; CD4 Antigens ; blood ; metabolism ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cells, Follicular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Immunophenotyping ; methods ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neprilysin ; blood ; metabolism ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; blood ; metabolism ; fas Receptor ; blood ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituent bud of the flowers of Jasminum officinale var. grandiflorum.

METHODThe compounds were isolated and purified by recrystallization and chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH - 20 column. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral analysis.

RESULTSix triterpenoid saponins were identified as 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 2)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl- hederagenin-28-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl (1 --> 6)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl ester (1), hederagenin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (2), 2alpha, 3beta, 23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), hederagenin-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1 --> 3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (4), 2alpha, 3beta, 23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (5), hederagenin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (6).

CONCLUSIONCompound 1 is a new compound. Compounds 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 were isolated from the genus Jasminum for the first time.

Chromatography, Gel ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Jasminum ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Anal Canal ; surgery ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To explore carrying rates of class 1, class 2 integrons as well as ISCR1 in Shigella isolates and their connection with drug resistance. Methods Antibiotic sensitivities were detected by K-B disk diffusion in 159 clinical isolates. Total bacteria DNA was prepared through boiling the isolates and the DNA was then used as template for PCR am?plification. PCR, ZSCR1 and sequencing analyse of integrons were applied to all of them. Results were compared by Blast and GenBank. Results Antibiotic sensitivity results showed that in the S. flexneri strains the incidence of resistance to tet?racycline and streptomycin were 88.68%and 81.13%in the S. flexneri strains while the incidence of resistant to chloram?phenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol were both 56.60%, and the incidence of multidrug drug resistance was 77.36%. In the sonnei strains, the incidence of resistance to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazo were 97.17% and 95.28%, 83.96%and 76.42%respectively, and the incidence of multidrug resistance was 98.11%. Among all isolates, 118 were class 1 integron positive , 70 were class 2 integron positive and 89 were double positives. For those 118 isolates that are positive of class 1 integron, 23 were typical while 95 weres atypical. The gene cassettes of typical class 1 integrons contains aadA2, aa?dA1, dfrⅠ, blaoxa-10 and blaoxa-1. IntI1, aadA, blaoxa-1 and IS1 were included in the gene cassetes of the atypical class 1 integrons. Class 2 integrons positive isolates carried gene cassttes which include dfrA1, satl and aadA1. No ISCR1 was found in any isolate. Integron carriage strains were closely associated with higher rate of multiple antibiobic resistance com?pared with the organisms without integrons (90.65%,50%, P<0.05). Conlusion Class 1 and class 2 integrons were widely existence in Shigella isolates and were related to the multidrug resistance.

Objective To analyze the epidemiologic characters of human plague from Rattus flavipectus plague natural foci in Yunnan Province from 1986 to 2006 and to provide references for prevention and control strategy.Methods Data were collected and analyzed on epidemic situation of human plague in the past twenty-one years.Results From 1986 to 2006,the total human plague cases from Rattus flavipectus plague natural foci in Yunnan were 507,accounted for 59.5%(507/866)of the total cases in the whole country.There were three peaks of human plague outbreak in 1990,1996 and 2000.The number of annual cases were 73,88 and 122,accounting for 97.3%(73/75),89.8%(88/98),48.0%(122/254)of the total cases in the whole country respectively.The epidemic areas were mainly located in the west,southwest and southeast pans of Yunnan,but the number of cases changed with year in different prefectures(or cities).Seasonal pattern analyses revealed that the epidemic could occur in whole year,with a peak period through July to November,especially September.There were different prevalence of plague cases in age and professions,which related to the chance of contact with infected animals and infectious fleas.All human plague cases were primary bubonic plague.Conclusions The results suggested that there were clear epidemic characteristics for human plague for Rattus flavipectus plague natural foci in Yunnan.In order to control human plague effectively,it was necessary to reinforce surveillance and warning system to diminish the outbreak of human plague.

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of Rannunculus chinensis Bunge..Methods The chemical constituents of R.chinensis were isolated by chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. The structures of compounds were identified by phytochemical properties and spectral analysis(MS and NMR).Results Ten compounds were isolated and identified as quercetin(1),kaempferol(2),luteolin(3),quercitrin(4), protocatechuic acid(5),gallic acid(6),ellagic acid(7),kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside (8),β-sitosterol (9) and 7-ketologanin (10). Conclusion Compound 10 is isolated from R.chinensis for the first time. Compounds 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and 8 are obtained from the title plant for the first time.

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of the 60% alcohol extract of Solanum lyratum Thunb..Method The compounds were isolated by column chromatography over silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 and preparative TLC.Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical property and spectral data.Resulut Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as:ononin(1), genistin(2), 5-hydroxyl ononin(3), formononetin(4), daidzein(5), daidzin(6), 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde(7),vanillic acid(8), protocatechuic acid(9),ethyl-α-D-arabinofuranoside(10) and ursolic acid(11).Conclusion Compounds 1,2,3,10 and 11 are isolated from S.lyratum for the first time.