Tetanus is a potentially fatal but largely preventable disease through immunisation.Despite efforts by the World Health Organization to eradicate the disease,tetanus(particularly severe tetanus)remains a worldwide cause of morbidity and mortality.Timely diagnosis and appropriate intensive care management are essential to ensure survival.Recently,with progress in the treatment of severe tetanus,the mortality has been decreased significantly.

Forecasting the colorectal cancer prognosis mainly based on the accurate pathological stages,the primary carcinoma infiltrated depth,the cell differentiation degree and the capillaries infiltrated in histology result,and the outcome can be obtained latter 3-7 days after the opemtion.But in traditional lymph node inspection method,identifying the quantity and the anatomy locality of metastasized lymph node normally costs long time,sometimes cannot obtain the result.M addition,to identify the stage of the cancer is a key point to determine the assistant chemotherapy is useful or not,for both doctor and patient,because the excessive treatment and the insufficient treatment are both harmful to the patient.Now overseas has an abvoad study showes that regional lymph node metastasis have something to do with the concentration of(Carcinembryonic,CEA)in the lymph node.The CEA concentration can be obtained simply and directly.So,testing the CEA concentration in lymph node may become a new method in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis for patients with colorectal cancer.

We examined diseases occurring farmed Whitmania pigra(L.) in Hebei province in the aspect of situation of disease,clinical symptoms and pathological changes.In addition,the molecular identification were conducted to representative strain,the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced and compared with that of related strains,molecular phylogenetic tree was constructed.The results showed that the disease was infected by Aeromonas hydrophila.Pure cultures of 10 strains have the same serotype.Selected representative strain was proved to be the corresponding primitive causal agent of the disease by artificial infection experiment to healthy Whitmania pigra(L.).Antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates to used thirty-seven antimicrobial agents showed that the tested strains were high sensitive to cefotaxime et al.,were sensitive to streptomycin et al.,were resistant to oxacillin et al.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ; etiology ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; etiology

Objective To determine the relationship between blood biochemical metabolites and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods From Jan.2008 to Oct.2010,the medical records of 73 BPH patients diagnosed by postoperative histopathology were retrospectively studied.The age of patients ranged from 55 to 86 years.The average patient age was 70 years.Of the 73 cases,65 cases were not taking medications which could have an impact on metabolic levels of serum glucose and lipoprotein.Three months prior to operation,the patients were placed in a group to analyze the correlation between the total volume of the prostate (TP),prostate average annual growth rate and biochemical metabolites including serum glucose,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and prostate specific antigen (PSA).To compare the changes of prostate volume,prostate annual growth rate and PSA,the 73 cases were divided into two groups; patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and those without MS.Results Of the 65 BPH patients,the mean of TP and prostate annual growth rate were (58.76 ± 25.96) ml and (1.32 ± 0.89) ml,serum glucose was (4.99 ± 0.73) mmol/L,HDL-c was (1.36 ± 0.39) mmol/L,and PSA was (5.99 ±8.30) μg/L.Stratified with prostate volume,patient's serum glucose,prostate annual growth rate and PSA levels increased with the increased TP (F =4.63,P =0.0060; F =62.98,P =0.0001 ; F =4.83,P =0.0044).On the other hand.HDL-c decreased with the increased TP (F =5.32,P =0.0025).There was a positive relationship between TP and serum glucose (r =0.48,P =0.0005).There was a negative correlation between TP and HDL-c (r =-0.26,P =0.0353).Of the 73 patients,20 cases had MS.The MS group had PSA levels (6.52 ± 5.28) μg/L,TP (79.41 ± 38.24) ml and prostate annual growth rate (1.86 ± 1.14) ml.These levels were higher than the 53 cases without MS.The group without MS had PSA levels (3.95 ± 3.77) μg/L,TP (54.98 ± 20.94) ml and prostate annual growth rate (1.23 ± 0.80) ml (t=2.29,P=0.0253; t=2.65,P=0.0147; t=2.22,P=0.0360).Conclusions PSAlevels,TP and prostate annual growth rate in BPH patients are related with blood biochemical metabolites.Both serum glucose and HDL-c affect prostate volume.BPH patients with MS have a remarkable clinical progression.

Objective To observe the effects of aerobic exercise on the plasma content of homocysteine (Hcy),total nitric oxide synthase(T-NOS) and nitric oxide (NO) in rats fed a high methionine diet. Methods A total of 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal diet(CR)group,a high methionine diet(MR) group and a high methionine diet plus swimming group(T+MR),and treated accordingly for 8 weeks.At the end of the treatment,all the animals were tested for plasma T-NOS,NO and homocysteine levels.Results Plasma homo-cysteine doubled,whereas T-NOS and NO levels in the MR group decreased significantly as compared with the CR group,suggesting that hyperhomocysteinemia was induced by the high methionine diet.Plasma homocysteine content decreased significantly in the T+CR group,but plasma T-NOS and NO increased significantly compared with the MR group.These indicators were not significantly different for the T+MR group from those of the CR group. Conclu-sion Adequate aerobic exercise can decrease the plasma level of homocysteine in rats fed a high methionine diet,and increase the plasma level of T-NOS and NO,helping prevent the development of hyperhomocysteinemia.

0.05).Conclusions There is imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells in CHB children.Th1 cytokines are positively correlated with hepatic inflammatory activity.In the course of disease,Th2 cytokines are predominant and they have a correlation to the chronic prognosis of the illness.So we can conclude the degree and prognosis of disease by observing the change of Th1/Th2 cytokines in CHB children.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of different pressure oxygen pre-breathing in preventing decompression sickness of rats.

METHODSForty male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: decompression sickness (DCS) group and three oxygen pre-breathing groups with 1 ATA, 2 ATA and 3 ATA pressure respectively. The rats of DCS group were placed in the hyperbaric chamber and the chamber was compressed evenly within 3 minutes to depths of 7 absolute atmosphere(ATA) and held at the designated depth for 60 min, then decompressed (3 min) at constant speed to the surface pressure. After that, the rats were taken out for further detection. While the rats of oxygen pretreatment groups pre-breathed different pressure oxygen for 20 min before entering into chamber. The mortality and behavioral of rats were observed with 30 min post decompression. The dry/wet ratio of the lung, protein levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) expression were also tested.

RESULTSCompared with that of the DCS group, the mortality and morbidity of oxygen pre-breathe groups didn't change obviously. But the total BALF protein level and the inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha expression of 1 ATA oxygen pre-breathe group were obviously decreased, while the dry/wet ratio of lung as obviously increased instead (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAlthough preoxygenation can' t obviously change the mortality and mobidity of rats, normal pressure oxygen pre-breathing can mitigate the protein infiltration in BALF and the expression of inflammatory cytokine in lung tissue.

Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; Decompression Sickness ; Diving ; Lung ; pathology ; Oxygen ; physiology ; Pressure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of short segmental pedicle instrumentation via the paraspinal approach for the management of neurologically intact patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture and posterior ligamentous complex injury.Methods From October 2008 to June 2010,70 such patients were treated in our department.They were 44 males and 26 females,with an average age of 33.4 years (range,from 19 to 55 years).They were divided into 2 groups according to 2 different operative methods.In group A,35 patients were treated via the paraspinal approach while 35 patients in group B were treated via the traditional open approach.The 2 approaches were compared in terms of operation time,intraoperative bleeding,postoperative ambulant time,hospital stay,changes in local kyphosis angle (LKA) and vertebral body height (VBH) at preoperation,postoperation and the last follow-up,postoperative complications and accuracy of screw insertion.Results The time for follow-up ranged from 24 to 36 months (mean,29.3 months).The operation time,intraoperative bleeding,postoperative ambulant time and hospital stay in group B were significantly more than in group A(P ＜ 0.05).No implant failure occurred in either group.There was no significant difference in pedicle screw cut-out between the 2 groups [7 (5.0％) versus 6 (4.3％)] (P ＞0.05).The LKA and VBH increased significantly at postoperation and the last follow-up compared with the preoperation in both groups (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between the postoperation and the last follow-up (P ＞ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding LKA and VBH at preoperation,postoperation and the last follow-up (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The paraspinal approach may result in a good and safe clinical outcome in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures with posterior ligamentous complex injury,because it can maintain the fracture reduction effectively and minimize the iatrogenic injury to soft tissues.

Female ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Humans ; Leukemia ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin Diseases, Bacterial ; microbiology ; Soft Tissue Infections ; microbiology